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[[rewrite-handler]]
=== Rewrite Handler

The `RewriteHandler` matches a request against a set of rules, and modifies the request accordingly for any rules that match.
The most common use is to rewrite request URIs, but it is capable of much more: rules can also be configured to redirect the response, set a cookie or response code on the response, modify the header, etc.

[[rewrite-handler-metadata]]
==== Info

* Classname: org.eclipse.jetty.rewrite.handler.RewriteHandler
* Maven artifact: org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-rewrite
* Javadoc: {JDURL}/org/eclipse/jetty/rewrite/handler/RewriteHandler.html
* Xref: {JXURL}/org/eclipse/jetty/rewrite/handler/RewriteHandler.html

The standard Jetty distribution bundle contains the `jetty-rewrite` link:#startup-modules[module], so all you need to do is to enable it using one of the link:#start-jar[module commands], eg:

[source, screen, subs="{sub-order}"]
....
$ java -jar start.jar --add-to-start=rewrite
....

_____
[NOTE]
If you are running the standard Jetty distribution with the sample test webapp, there will be a demo of the rewrite module at http://localhost:8080/test/rewrite/
_____

==== Usage

The rewrite module enables the following Jetty xml config file on the execution path:

[source, xml, subs="{sub-order}"]
----
include::{SRCDIR}/jetty-rewrite/src/main/config/etc/jetty-rewrite.xml[]
----

As the commented out code shows, you configure the `RewriteHandler` by adding various rules.

There is an example of link:#rewrite-rules[rules] configuration in the standard distribution in the `demo-base/etc/demo-rewrite-rules.xml` file:

[source, xml, subs="{sub-order}"]
----
include::{SRCDIR}/tests/test-webapps/test-jetty-webapp/src/main/config/demo-base/etc/demo-rewrite-rules.xml[]
----

===== Embedded Example

This is an example for embedded Jetty, which does something similar to the configuration file example above:

[source, java, subs="{sub-order}"]
----
  Server server = new Server();

  RewriteHandler rewrite = new RewriteHandler();
  rewrite.setRewriteRequestURI(true);
  rewrite.setRewritePathInfo(false);
  rewrite.originalPathAttribute("requestedPath");

  RedirectPatternRule redirect = new RedirectPatternRule();
  redirect.setPattern("/redirect/*");
  redirect.setReplacement("/redirected");
  rewrite.addRule(redirect);

  RewritePatternRule oldToNew = new RewritePatternRule();
  oldToNew.setPattern("/some/old/context");
  oldToNew.setReplacement("/some/new/context");
  rewrite.addRule(oldToNew);

  RewriteRegexRule reverse = new RewriteRegexRule();
  reverse.setRegex("/reverse/([^/]*)/(.*)");
  reverse.setReplacement("/reverse/$2/$1");
  rewrite.addRule(reverse);

  server.setHandler(rewrite);
----

[[rewrite-rules]]
==== Rules

There are several types of rules that are written extending useful base rule classes.

===== PatternRule

Matches against the request URI using the servlet pattern syntax.

link:{JXURL}/org/eclipse/jetty/rewrite/handler/CookiePatternRule.html[CookiePatternRule]::
Adds a cookie to the response.
link:{JXURL}/org/eclipse/jetty/rewrite/handler/HeaderPatternRule.html[HeaderPatternRule]::
Adds/modifies a header in the response.
link:{JXURL}/org/eclipse/jetty/rewrite/handler/RedirectPatternRule.html[RedirectPatternRule]::
Redirects the response.
link:{JXURL}/org/eclipse/jetty/rewrite/handler/ResponsePatternRule.html[ResponsePatternRule]::
Sends the response code (status or error).
link:{JXURL}/org/eclipse/jetty/rewrite/handler/RewritePatternRule.html[RewritePatternRule]::
Rewrite the URI by replacing the matched request path with a fixed string.

===== RegexRule

Matches against the request URI using regular expressions.

link:{JXURL}/org/eclipse/jetty/rewrite/handler/RedirectRegexRule.html[RedirectRegexRule]::
Redirect the response.
link:{JXURL}/org/eclipse/jetty/rewrite/handler/RewriteRegexRule.html[RewriteRegexRule]::
Rewrite the URI by matching with a regular expression.
(The replacement string may use `Template:$n` to replace the nth capture group.)

===== HeaderRule

Match against request headers. Match either on a header name and specific value, or on the presence of a header (with any value).

link:{JXURL}/org/eclipse/jetty/rewrite/handler/ForwardedSchemeHeaderRule.html[ForwardedSchemaHeaderRule]::
Set the scheme on the request (defaulting to HTTPS).

===== Others

Extra rules that defy standard classification.

link:{JXURL}/org/eclipse/jetty/rewrite/handler/MsieSslRule.html[MsieSslRule]::
Disables the keep alive for SSL from IE5 or IE6.
link:{JXURL}/org/eclipse/jetty/rewrite/handler/LegacyRule.html[LegacyRule]::
Implements the legacy API of RewriteHandler

===== RuleContainer

Groups rules together.
The contained rules will only be processed if the conditions for the `RuleContainer` evaluate to true.

link:{JXURL}/org/eclipse/jetty/rewrite/handler/VirtualHostRuleContainer.html[VirtualHostRuleContainer]::
Groups rules that apply only to a specific virtual host or a set of virtual hosts