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 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
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 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
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 *
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package javax.imageio;

import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.Rectangle;

/**
 * A superclass of all classes describing how streams should be
 * decoded or encoded.  This class contains all the variables and
 * methods that are shared by {@code ImageReadParam} and
 * {@code ImageWriteParam}.
 *
 * <p> This class provides mechanisms to specify a source region and a
 * destination region.  When reading, the source is the stream and
 * the in-memory image is the destination.  When writing, these are
 * reversed.  In the case of writing, destination regions may be used
 * only with a writer that supports pixel replacement.
 * <p>
 * Decimation subsampling may be specified for both readers
 * and writers, using a movable subsampling grid.
 * <p>
 * Subsets of the source and destination bands may be selected.
 *
 */
public abstract class IIOParam {

    /**
     * The source region, on {@code null} if none is set.
     */
    protected Rectangle sourceRegion = null;

    /**
     * The decimation subsampling to be applied in the horizontal
     * direction.  By default, the value is {@code 1}.
     * The value must not be negative or 0.
     */
    protected int sourceXSubsampling = 1;

    /**
     * The decimation subsampling to be applied in the vertical
     * direction.  By default, the value is {@code 1}.
     * The value must not be negative or 0.
     */
    protected int sourceYSubsampling = 1;

    /**
     * A horizontal offset to be applied to the subsampling grid before
     * subsampling.  The first pixel to be used will be offset this
     * amount from the origin of the region, or of the image if no
     * region is specified.
     */
    protected int subsamplingXOffset = 0;

    /**
     * A vertical offset to be applied to the subsampling grid before
     * subsampling.  The first pixel to be used will be offset this
     * amount from the origin of the region, or of the image if no
     * region is specified.
     */
    protected int subsamplingYOffset = 0;

    /**
     * An array of {@code int}s indicating which source bands
     * will be used, or {@code null}.  If {@code null}, the
     * set of source bands to be used is as described in the comment
     * for the {@code setSourceBands} method.  No value should
     * be allowed to be negative.
     */
    protected int[] sourceBands = null;

    /**
     * An {@code ImageTypeSpecifier} to be used to generate a
     * destination image when reading, or to set the output color type
     * when writing.  If non has been set the value will be
     * {@code null}.  By default, the value is {@code null}.
     */
    protected ImageTypeSpecifier destinationType = null;

    /**
     * The offset in the destination where the upper-left decoded
     * pixel should be placed.  By default, the value is (0, 0).
     */
    protected Point destinationOffset = new Point(0, 0);

    /**
     * The default {@code IIOParamController} that will be
     * used to provide settings for this {@code IIOParam}
     * object when the {@code activateController} method
     * is called.  This default should be set by subclasses
     * that choose to provide their own default controller,
     * usually a GUI, for setting parameters.
     *
     * @see IIOParamController
     * @see #getDefaultController
     * @see #activateController
     */
    protected IIOParamController defaultController = null;

    /**
     * The {@code IIOParamController} that will be
     * used to provide settings for this {@code IIOParam}
     * object when the {@code activateController} method
     * is called.  This value overrides any default controller,
     * even when null.
     *
     * @see IIOParamController
     * @see #setController(IIOParamController)
     * @see #hasController()
     * @see #activateController()
     */
    protected IIOParamController controller = null;

    /**
     * Protected constructor may be called only by subclasses.
     */
    protected IIOParam() {
        controller = defaultController;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the source region of interest.  The region of interest is
     * described as a rectangle, with the upper-left corner of the
     * source image as pixel (0, 0) and increasing values down and to
     * the right.  The actual number of pixels used will depend on
     * the subsampling factors set by {@code setSourceSubsampling}.
     * If subsampling has been set such that this number is zero,
     * an {@code IllegalStateException} will be thrown.
     *
     * <p> The source region of interest specified by this method will
     * be clipped as needed to fit within the source bounds, as well
     * as the destination offsets, width, and height at the time of
     * actual I/O.
     *
     * <p> A value of {@code null} for {@code sourceRegion}
     * will remove any region specification, causing the entire image
     * to be used.
     *
     * @param sourceRegion a {@code Rectangle} specifying the
     * source region of interest, or {@code null}.
     *
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if
     * {@code sourceRegion} is non-{@code null} and either
     * {@code sourceRegion.x} or {@code sourceRegion.y} is
     * negative.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if
     * {@code sourceRegion} is non-{@code null} and either
     * {@code sourceRegion.width} or
     * {@code sourceRegion.height} is negative or 0.
     * @throws IllegalStateException if subsampling is such that
     * this region will have a subsampled width or height of zero.
     *
     * @see #getSourceRegion
     * @see #setSourceSubsampling
     * @see ImageReadParam#setDestinationOffset
     * @see ImageReadParam#getDestinationOffset
     */
    public void setSourceRegion(Rectangle sourceRegion) {
        if (sourceRegion == null) {
            this.sourceRegion = null;
            return;
        }

        if (sourceRegion.x < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("sourceRegion.x < 0!");
        }
        if (sourceRegion.y < 0){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("sourceRegion.y < 0!");
        }
        if (sourceRegion.width <= 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("sourceRegion.width <= 0!");
        }
        if (sourceRegion.height <= 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("sourceRegion.height <= 0!");
        }

        // Throw an IllegalStateException if region falls between subsamples
        if (sourceRegion.width <= subsamplingXOffset) {
            throw new IllegalStateException
                ("sourceRegion.width <= subsamplingXOffset!");
        }
        if (sourceRegion.height <= subsamplingYOffset) {
            throw new IllegalStateException
                ("sourceRegion.height <= subsamplingYOffset!");
        }

        this.sourceRegion = (Rectangle)sourceRegion.clone();
    }

    /**
     * Returns the source region to be used.  The returned value is
     * that set by the most recent call to
     * {@code setSourceRegion}, and will be {@code null} if
     * there is no region set.
     *
     * @return the source region of interest as a
     * {@code Rectangle}, or {@code null}.
     *
     * @see #setSourceRegion
     */
    public Rectangle getSourceRegion() {
        if (sourceRegion == null) {
            return null;
        }
        return (Rectangle)sourceRegion.clone();
    }

    /**
     * Specifies a decimation subsampling to apply on I/O.  The
     * {@code sourceXSubsampling} and
     * {@code sourceYSubsampling} parameters specify the
     * subsampling period (<i>i.e.</i>, the number of rows and columns
     * to advance after every source pixel).  Specifically, a period of
     * 1 will use every row or column; a period of 2 will use every
     * other row or column.  The {@code subsamplingXOffset} and
     * {@code subsamplingYOffset} parameters specify an offset
     * from the region (or image) origin for the first subsampled pixel.
     * Adjusting the origin of the subsample grid is useful for avoiding
     * seams when subsampling a very large source image into destination
     * regions that will be assembled into a complete subsampled image.
     * Most users will want to simply leave these parameters at 0.
     *
     * <p> The number of pixels and scanlines to be used are calculated
     * as follows.
     * <p>
     * The number of subsampled pixels in a scanline is given by
     * <p>
     * {@code truncate[(width - subsamplingXOffset + sourceXSubsampling - 1)
     * / sourceXSubsampling]}.
     * <p>
     * If the region is such that this width is zero, an
     * {@code IllegalStateException} is thrown.
     * <p>
     * The number of scanlines to be used can be computed similarly.
     *
     * <p>The ability to set the subsampling grid to start somewhere
     * other than the source region origin is useful if the
     * region is being used to create subsampled tiles of a large image,
     * where the tile width and height are not multiples of the
     * subsampling periods.  If the subsampling grid does not remain
     * consistent from tile to tile, there will be artifacts at the tile
     * boundaries.  By adjusting the subsampling grid offset for each
     * tile to compensate, these artifacts can be avoided.  The tradeoff
     * is that in order to avoid these artifacts, the tiles are not all
     * the same size.  The grid offset to use in this case is given by:
     * <br>
     * grid offset = [period - (region offset modulo period)] modulo period)
     *
     * <p> If either {@code sourceXSubsampling} or
     * {@code sourceYSubsampling} is 0 or negative, an
     * {@code IllegalArgumentException} will be thrown.
     *
     * <p> If either {@code subsamplingXOffset} or
     * {@code subsamplingYOffset} is negative or greater than or
     * equal to the corresponding period, an
     * {@code IllegalArgumentException} will be thrown.
     *
     * <p> There is no {@code unsetSourceSubsampling} method;
     * simply call {@code setSourceSubsampling(1, 1, 0, 0)} to
     * restore default values.
     *
     * @param sourceXSubsampling the number of columns to advance
     * between pixels.
     * @param sourceYSubsampling the number of rows to advance between
     * pixels.
     * @param subsamplingXOffset the horizontal offset of the first subsample
     * within the region, or within the image if no region is set.
     * @param subsamplingYOffset the horizontal offset of the first subsample
     * within the region, or within the image if no region is set.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either period is
     * negative or 0, or if either grid offset is negative or greater than
     * the corresponding period.
     * @throws IllegalStateException if the source region is such that
     * the subsampled output would contain no pixels.
     */
    public void setSourceSubsampling(int sourceXSubsampling,
                                     int sourceYSubsampling,
                                     int subsamplingXOffset,
                                     int subsamplingYOffset) {
        if (sourceXSubsampling <= 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("sourceXSubsampling <= 0!");
        }
        if (sourceYSubsampling <= 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("sourceYSubsampling <= 0!");
        }
        if (subsamplingXOffset < 0 ||
            subsamplingXOffset >= sourceXSubsampling) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException
                ("subsamplingXOffset out of range!");
        }
        if (subsamplingYOffset < 0 ||
            subsamplingYOffset >= sourceYSubsampling) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException
                ("subsamplingYOffset out of range!");
        }

        // Throw an IllegalStateException if region falls between subsamples
        if (sourceRegion != null) {
            if (subsamplingXOffset >= sourceRegion.width ||
                subsamplingYOffset >= sourceRegion.height) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("region contains no pixels!");
            }
        }

        this.sourceXSubsampling = sourceXSubsampling;
        this.sourceYSubsampling = sourceYSubsampling;
        this.subsamplingXOffset = subsamplingXOffset;
        this.subsamplingYOffset = subsamplingYOffset;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the number of source columns to advance for each pixel.
     *
     * <p>If {@code setSourceSubsampling} has not been called, 1
     * is returned (which is the correct value).
     *
     * @return the source subsampling X period.
     *
     * @see #setSourceSubsampling
     * @see #getSourceYSubsampling
     */
    public int getSourceXSubsampling() {
        return sourceXSubsampling;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the number of rows to advance for each pixel.
     *
     * <p>If {@code setSourceSubsampling} has not been called, 1
     * is returned (which is the correct value).
     *
     * @return the source subsampling Y period.
     *
     * @see #setSourceSubsampling
     * @see #getSourceXSubsampling
     */
    public int getSourceYSubsampling() {
        return sourceYSubsampling;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the horizontal offset of the subsampling grid.
     *
     * <p>If {@code setSourceSubsampling} has not been called, 0
     * is returned (which is the correct value).
     *
     * @return the source subsampling grid X offset.
     *
     * @see #setSourceSubsampling
     * @see #getSubsamplingYOffset
     */
    public int getSubsamplingXOffset() {
        return subsamplingXOffset;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the vertical offset of the subsampling grid.
     *
     * <p>If {@code setSourceSubsampling} has not been called, 0
     * is returned (which is the correct value).
     *
     * @return the source subsampling grid Y offset.
     *
     * @see #setSourceSubsampling
     * @see #getSubsamplingXOffset
     */
    public int getSubsamplingYOffset() {
        return subsamplingYOffset;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the indices of the source bands to be used.  Duplicate
     * indices are not allowed.
     *
     * <p> A {@code null} value indicates that all source bands
     * will be used.
     *
     * <p> At the time of reading, an
     * {@code IllegalArgumentException} will be thrown by the
     * reader or writer if a value larger than the largest available
     * source band index has been specified or if the number of source
     * bands and destination bands to be used differ.  The
     * {@code ImageReader.checkReadParamBandSettings} method may
     * be used to automate this test.
     *
     * <p> Semantically, a copy is made of the array; changes to the
     * array contents subsequent to this call have no effect on
     * this {@code IIOParam}.
     *
     * @param sourceBands an array of integer band indices to be
     * used.
     *
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code sourceBands}
     * contains a negative or duplicate value.
     *
     * @see #getSourceBands
     * @see ImageReadParam#setDestinationBands
     * @see ImageReader#checkReadParamBandSettings
     */
    public void setSourceBands(int[] sourceBands) {
        if (sourceBands == null) {
            this.sourceBands = null;
        } else {
            int numBands = sourceBands.length;
            for (int i = 0; i < numBands; i++) {
                int band = sourceBands[i];
                if (band < 0) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Band value < 0!");
                }
                for (int j = i + 1; j < numBands; j++) {
                    if (band == sourceBands[j]) {
                        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Duplicate band value!");
                    }
                }

            }
            this.sourceBands = (sourceBands.clone());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the set of source bands to be used. The returned
     * value is that set by the most recent call to
     * {@code setSourceBands}, or {@code null} if there have
     * been no calls to {@code setSourceBands}.
     *
     * <p> Semantically, the array returned is a copy; changes to
     * array contents subsequent to this call have no effect on this
     * {@code IIOParam}.
     *
     * @return the set of source bands to be used, or
     * {@code null}.
     *
     * @see #setSourceBands
     */
    public int[] getSourceBands() {
        if (sourceBands == null) {
            return null;
        }
        return (sourceBands.clone());
    }

    /**
     * Sets the desired image type for the destination image, using an
     * {@code ImageTypeSpecifier}.
     *
     * <p> When reading, if the layout of the destination has been set
     * using this method, each call to an {@code ImageReader}
     * {@code read} method will return a new
     * {@code BufferedImage} using the format specified by the
     * supplied type specifier.  As a side effect, any destination
     * {@code BufferedImage} set by
     * {@code ImageReadParam.setDestination(BufferedImage)} will
     * no longer be set as the destination.  In other words, this
     * method may be thought of as calling
     * {@code setDestination((BufferedImage)null)}.
     *
     * <p> When writing, the destination type maybe used to determine
     * the color type of the image.  The {@code SampleModel}
     * information will be ignored, and may be {@code null}.  For
     * example, a 4-banded image could represent either CMYK or RGBA
     * data.  If a destination type is set, its
     * {@code ColorModel} will override any
     * {@code ColorModel} on the image itself.  This is crucial
     * when {@code setSourceBands} is used since the image's
     * {@code ColorModel} will refer to the entire image rather
     * than to the subset of bands being written.
     *
     * @param destinationType the {@code ImageTypeSpecifier} to
     * be used to determine the destination layout and color type.
     *
     * @see #getDestinationType
     */
    public void setDestinationType(ImageTypeSpecifier destinationType) {
        this.destinationType = destinationType;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the type of image to be returned by the read, if one
     * was set by a call to
     * {@code setDestination(ImageTypeSpecifier)}, as an
     * {@code ImageTypeSpecifier}.  If none was set,
     * {@code null} is returned.
     *
     * @return an {@code ImageTypeSpecifier} describing the
     * destination type, or {@code null}.
     *
     * @see #setDestinationType
     */
    public ImageTypeSpecifier getDestinationType() {
        return destinationType;
    }

    /**
     * Specifies the offset in the destination image at which future
     * decoded pixels are to be placed, when reading, or where a
     * region will be written, when writing.
     *
     * <p> When reading, the region to be written within the
     * destination {@code BufferedImage} will start at this
     * offset and have a width and height determined by the source
     * region of interest, the subsampling parameters, and the
     * destination bounds.
     *
     * <p> Normal writes are not affected by this method, only writes
     * performed using {@code ImageWriter.replacePixels}.  For
     * such writes, the offset specified is within the output stream
     * image whose pixels are being modified.
     *
     * <p> There is no {@code unsetDestinationOffset} method;
     * simply call {@code setDestinationOffset(new Point(0, 0))} to
     * restore default values.
     *
     * @param destinationOffset the offset in the destination, as a
     * {@code Point}.
     *
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if
     * {@code destinationOffset} is {@code null}.
     *
     * @see #getDestinationOffset
     * @see ImageWriter#replacePixels
     */
    public void setDestinationOffset(Point destinationOffset) {
        if (destinationOffset == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("destinationOffset == null!");
        }
        this.destinationOffset = (Point)destinationOffset.clone();
    }

    /**
     * Returns the offset in the destination image at which pixels are
     * to be placed.
     *
     * <p> If {@code setDestinationOffsets} has not been called,
     * a {@code Point} with zero X and Y values is returned
     * (which is the correct value).
     *
     * @return the destination offset as a {@code Point}.
     *
     * @see #setDestinationOffset
     */
    public Point getDestinationOffset() {
        return (Point)destinationOffset.clone();
    }

    /**
     * Sets the {@code IIOParamController} to be used
     * to provide settings for this {@code IIOParam}
     * object when the {@code activateController} method
     * is called, overriding any default controller.  If the
     * argument is {@code null}, no controller will be
     * used, including any default.  To restore the default, use
     * {@code setController(getDefaultController())}.
     *
     * @param controller An appropriate
     * {@code IIOParamController}, or {@code null}.
     *
     * @see IIOParamController
     * @see #getController
     * @see #getDefaultController
     * @see #hasController
     * @see #activateController()
     */
    public void setController(IIOParamController controller) {
        this.controller = controller;
    }

    /**
     * Returns whatever {@code IIOParamController} is currently
     * installed.  This could be the default if there is one,
     * {@code null}, or the argument of the most recent call
     * to {@code setController}.
     *
     * @return the currently installed
     * {@code IIOParamController}, or {@code null}.
     *
     * @see IIOParamController
     * @see #setController
     * @see #getDefaultController
     * @see #hasController
     * @see #activateController()
     */
    public IIOParamController getController() {
        return controller;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the default {@code IIOParamController}, if there
     * is one, regardless of the currently installed controller.  If
     * there is no default controller, returns {@code null}.
     *
     * @return the default {@code IIOParamController}, or
     * {@code null}.
     *
     * @see IIOParamController
     * @see #setController(IIOParamController)
     * @see #getController
     * @see #hasController
     * @see #activateController()
     */
    public IIOParamController getDefaultController() {
        return defaultController;
    }

    /**
     * Returns {@code true} if there is a controller installed
     * for this {@code IIOParam} object.  This will return
     * {@code true} if {@code getController} would not
     * return {@code null}.
     *
     * @return {@code true} if a controller is installed.
     *
     * @see IIOParamController
     * @see #setController(IIOParamController)
     * @see #getController
     * @see #getDefaultController
     * @see #activateController()
     */
    public boolean hasController() {
        return (controller != null);
    }

    /**
     * Activates the installed {@code IIOParamController} for
     * this {@code IIOParam} object and returns the resulting
     * value.  When this method returns {@code true}, all values
     * for this {@code IIOParam} object will be ready for the
     * next read or write operation.  If {@code false} is
     * returned, no settings in this object will have been disturbed
     * (<i>i.e.</i>, the user canceled the operation).
     *
     * <p> Ordinarily, the controller will be a GUI providing a user
     * interface for a subclass of {@code IIOParam} for a
     * particular plug-in.  Controllers need not be GUIs, however.
     *
     * @return {@code true} if the controller completed normally.
     *
     * @throws IllegalStateException if there is no controller
     * currently installed.
     *
     * @see IIOParamController
     * @see #setController(IIOParamController)
     * @see #getController
     * @see #getDefaultController
     * @see #hasController
     */
    public boolean activateController() {
        if (!hasController()) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("hasController() == false!");
        }
        return getController().activate(this);
    }
}