/*
 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 * questions.
 */

package sun.awt;

import java.awt.AWTEvent;
import java.awt.AWTException;
import java.awt.Component;
import java.awt.Container;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Window;
import java.awt.event.InputMethodEvent;
import java.awt.font.TextAttribute;
import java.awt.font.TextHitInfo;
import java.awt.im.InputMethodHighlight;
import java.awt.im.spi.InputMethodContext;
import java.awt.peer.ComponentPeer;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.Character.Subset;
import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
import java.text.AttributedCharacterIterator;
import java.text.AttributedString;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import sun.awt.im.InputMethodAdapter;
import sun.util.logging.PlatformLogger;

/**
 * Input Method Adapter for XIM
 *
 * @author JavaSoft International
 */
public abstract class X11InputMethodBase extends InputMethodAdapter {
    protected static final PlatformLogger log = PlatformLogger.getLogger("sun.awt.X11InputMethod");
    /*
     * The following XIM* values must be the same as those defined in
     * Xlib.h
     */
    private static final int XIMReverse = (1<<0);
    private static final int XIMUnderline = (1<<1);
    private static final int XIMHighlight = (1<<2);
    private static final int XIMPrimary = (1<<5);
    private static final int XIMSecondary = (1<<6);
    private static final int XIMTertiary = (1<<7);

    /*
     * visible position values
     */
    protected static final int XIMVisibleToForward = (1<<8);
    protected static final int XIMVisibleToBackward = (1<<9);
    protected static final int XIMVisibleCenter = (1<<10);
    protected static final int XIMVisibleMask =
        (XIMVisibleToForward | XIMVisibleToBackward | XIMVisibleCenter);

    private Locale locale;
    private static boolean isXIMOpened = false;
    protected Container clientComponentWindow = null;
    protected Component awtFocussedComponent = null;
    protected Component lastXICFocussedComponent = null;
    protected boolean   isLastXICActive = false;
    protected boolean   isLastTemporary = false;
    protected boolean   isActive = false;
    private static Map<TextAttribute, ?>[] highlightStyles;
    protected boolean disposed = false;

    //reset the XIC if necessary
    protected boolean   needResetXIC = false;
    private WeakReference<Component> needResetXICClient = new WeakReference<>(null);

    // The use of compositionEnableSupported is to reduce unnecessary
    // native calls if set/isCompositionEnabled
    // throws UnsupportedOperationException.
    // It is set to false if that exception is thrown first time
    // either of the two methods are called.
    protected boolean compositionEnableSupported = true;
    // The savedCompositionState indicates the composition mode when
    // endComposition or setCompositionEnabled is called. It doesn't always
    // reflect the actual composition state because it doesn't get updated
    // when the user changes the composition state through direct interaction
    // with the input method. It is used to save the composition mode when
    // focus is traversed across different client components sharing the
    // same java input context. Also if set/isCompositionEnabled are not
    // supported, it remains false.
    protected boolean savedCompositionState = false;

    // variables to keep track of preedit context.
    // these variables need to be accessed within AWT_LOCK/UNLOCK
    protected String committedText = null;
    protected StringBuffer composedText = null;
    protected IntBuffer rawFeedbacks;

    // private data (X11InputMethodData structure defined in
    // awt_InputMethod.c) for native methods
    // this structure needs to be accessed within AWT_LOCK/UNLOCK
    protected transient long pData = 0; // accessed by native

    // Initialize highlight mapping table
    static {
        @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
        Map<TextAttribute, ?>[] styles = new Map[4];
        HashMap<TextAttribute, Object> map;

        // UNSELECTED_RAW_TEXT_HIGHLIGHT
        map = new HashMap<>(1);
        map.put(TextAttribute.WEIGHT, TextAttribute.WEIGHT_BOLD);
        styles[0] = Collections.unmodifiableMap(map);

        // SELECTED_RAW_TEXT_HIGHLIGHT
        map = new HashMap<>(1);
        map.put(TextAttribute.SWAP_COLORS, TextAttribute.SWAP_COLORS_ON);
        styles[1] = Collections.unmodifiableMap(map);

        // UNSELECTED_CONVERTED_TEXT_HIGHLIGHT
        map = new HashMap<>(1);
        map.put(TextAttribute.INPUT_METHOD_UNDERLINE,
                TextAttribute.UNDERLINE_LOW_ONE_PIXEL);
        styles[2] = Collections.unmodifiableMap(map);

        // SELECTED_CONVERTED_TEXT_HIGHLIGHT
        map = new HashMap<>(1);
        map.put(TextAttribute.SWAP_COLORS, TextAttribute.SWAP_COLORS_ON);
        styles[3] = Collections.unmodifiableMap(map);

        highlightStyles = styles;
    }

    static {
        initIDs();
    }

    /**
     * Constructs an X11InputMethod instance. It initializes the XIM
     * environment if it's not done yet.
     *
     * @throws AWTException if XOpenIM() failed.
     */
    public X11InputMethodBase() throws AWTException {
        // supports only the locale in which the VM is started
        locale = X11InputMethodDescriptor.getSupportedLocale();
        if (initXIM() == false) {
            throw new AWTException("Cannot open X Input Method");
        }
    }

    @Override
    @SuppressWarnings("removal")
    protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
        dispose();
        super.finalize();
    }

    /**
     * Invokes openIM() that invokes XOpenIM() if it's not opened yet.
     * @return  true if openXIM() is successful or it's already been opened.
     */
    private synchronized boolean initXIM() {
        if (isXIMOpened == false)
            isXIMOpened = openXIM();
        return isXIMOpened;
    }

    protected abstract boolean openXIM();

    protected boolean isDisposed() {
        return disposed;
    }

    protected abstract void setXICFocus(ComponentPeer peer,
                                    boolean value, boolean active);

    /**
     * Does nothing - this adapter doesn't use the input method context.
     *
     * @see java.awt.im.spi.InputMethod#setInputMethodContext
     */
    @Override
    public void setInputMethodContext(InputMethodContext context) {
    }

    /**
     * Set locale to input. If input method doesn't support specified locale,
     * false will be returned and its behavior is not changed.
     *
     * @param lang locale to input
     * @return the true is returned when specified locale is supported.
     */
    @Override
    public boolean setLocale(Locale lang) {
        if (lang.equals(locale)) {
            return true;
        }
        // special compatibility rule for Japanese and Korean
        if (locale.equals(Locale.JAPAN) && lang.equals(Locale.JAPANESE) ||
                locale.equals(Locale.KOREA) && lang.equals(Locale.KOREAN)) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Returns current input locale.
     */
    @Override
    public Locale getLocale() {
        return locale;
    }

    /**
     * Does nothing - XIM doesn't let you specify which characters you expect.
     *
     * @see java.awt.im.spi.InputMethod#setCharacterSubsets
     */
    @Override
    public void setCharacterSubsets(Subset[] subsets) {
    }

    /**
     * Dispatch event to input method. InputContext dispatch event with this
     * method. Input method set consume flag if event is consumed in
     * input method.
     *
     * @param e event
     */
    @Override
    public void dispatchEvent(AWTEvent e) {
    }

    protected final void resetXICifneeded(){
        /* needResetXIC is used to indicate whether to call
           resetXIC on the active client. resetXIC will always be
           called on the passive client when endComposition is called.
        */
        if (needResetXIC && haveActiveClient() &&
            getClientComponent() != needResetXICClient.get()){
            resetXIC();

            // needs to reset the last xic focused component.
            lastXICFocussedComponent = null;
            isLastXICActive = false;

            needResetXICClient.clear();
            needResetXIC = false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Reset the composition state to the current composition state.
     */
    protected abstract void resetCompositionState();

    /**
     * Query and then return the current composition state.
     * @return the composition state if isCompositionEnabled call
     * is successful. Otherwise, it returns false.
     */
    protected boolean getCompositionState() {
        boolean compositionState = false;
        if (compositionEnableSupported) {
            try {
                compositionState = isCompositionEnabled();
            } catch (UnsupportedOperationException e) {
                compositionEnableSupported = false;
            }
        }
        return compositionState;
    }

    /**
     * Activate input method.
     */
    @Override
    public abstract void activate();

    protected abstract boolean createXIC();

    /**
     * Deactivate input method.
     */
    @Override
    public abstract void deactivate(boolean isTemporary);

    /**
     * Explicitly disable the native IME. Native IME is not disabled when
     * deactivate is called.
     */
    @Override
    public void disableInputMethod() {
        if (lastXICFocussedComponent != null) {
            setXICFocus(getPeer(lastXICFocussedComponent), false, isLastXICActive);
            lastXICFocussedComponent = null;
            isLastXICActive = false;

            resetXIC();
            needResetXICClient.clear();
            needResetXIC = false;
        }
    }

    // implements java.awt.im.spi.InputMethod.hideWindows
    @Override
    public abstract void hideWindows();

    /**
     * @see java.awt.Toolkit#mapInputMethodHighlight
     */
    public static Map<TextAttribute, ?> mapInputMethodHighlight(InputMethodHighlight highlight) {
        int index;
        int state = highlight.getState();
        if (state == InputMethodHighlight.RAW_TEXT) {
            index = 0;
        } else if (state == InputMethodHighlight.CONVERTED_TEXT) {
            index = 2;
        } else {
            return null;
        }
        if (highlight.isSelected()) {
            index += 1;
        }
        return highlightStyles[index];
    }

    /**
     * @see sun.awt.im.InputMethodAdapter#setAWTFocussedComponent
     */
    @Override
    protected void setAWTFocussedComponent(Component component) {
        if (component == null) {
            return;
        }
        if (isActive) {
            // deactivate/activate are being suppressed during a focus change -
            // this may happen when an input method window is made visible
            boolean ac = haveActiveClient();
            setXICFocus(getPeer(awtFocussedComponent), false, ac);
            setXICFocus(getPeer(component), true, ac);
        }
        awtFocussedComponent = component;
    }

    /**
     * @see sun.awt.im.InputMethodAdapter#stopListening
     */
    @Override
    protected void stopListening() {
        // It is desirable to disable XIM by calling XSetICValues with
        // XNPreeditState == XIMPreeditDisable.  But Solaris 2.6 and
        // Solaris 7 do not implement this correctly without a patch,
        // so just call resetXIC here.  Prior endComposition call commits
        // the existing composed text.
        endComposition();
        // disable the native input method so that the other input
        // method could get the input focus.
        disableInputMethod();
        if (needResetXIC) {
            resetXIC();
            needResetXICClient.clear();
            needResetXIC = false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the Window instance in which the client component is
     * contained. If not found, null is returned. (IS THIS POSSIBLE?)
     */
    // NOTE: This method may be called by privileged threads.
    //       DO NOT INVOKE CLIENT CODE ON THIS THREAD!
    protected Window getClientComponentWindow() {
        Component client = getClientComponent();
        Container container;

        if (client instanceof Container) {
            container = (Container) client;
        } else {
            container = getParent(client);
        }

        while (container != null && !(container instanceof java.awt.Window)) {
            container = getParent(container);
        }
        return (Window) container;
    }

    protected abstract Container getParent(Component client);

    /**
     * Returns peer of the given client component. If the given client component
     * doesn't have peer, peer of the native container of the client is returned.
     */
    protected abstract ComponentPeer getPeer(Component client);

    /**
     * Used to protect preedit data
     */
    protected abstract void awtLock();
    protected abstract void awtUnlock();

    /**
     * Creates an input method event from the arguments given
     * and posts it on the AWT event queue. For arguments,
     * see InputMethodEvent. Called by input method.
     *
     * @see java.awt.event.InputMethodEvent#InputMethodEvent
     */
    protected void postInputMethodEvent(int id,
                                      AttributedCharacterIterator text,
                                      int committedCharacterCount,
                                      TextHitInfo caret,
                                      TextHitInfo visiblePosition,
                                      long when) {
        Component source = getClientComponent();
        if (source != null) {
            InputMethodEvent event = new InputMethodEvent(source,
                id, when, text, committedCharacterCount, caret, visiblePosition);
            SunToolkit.postEvent(SunToolkit.targetToAppContext(source), (AWTEvent)event);
        }
    }

    private void postInputMethodEvent(int id,
                                      AttributedCharacterIterator text,
                                      int committedCharacterCount,
                                      TextHitInfo caret,
                                      TextHitInfo visiblePosition) {
        postInputMethodEvent(id, text, committedCharacterCount,
                             caret, visiblePosition, EventQueue.getMostRecentEventTime());
    }

    /**
     * Dispatches committed text from XIM to the awt event queue. This
     * method is invoked from the event handler in canvas.c in the
     * AWT Toolkit thread context and thus inside the AWT Lock.
     * @param   str     committed text
     * @param   when    when
     */
    // NOTE: This method may be called by privileged threads.
    //       This functionality is implemented in a package-private method
    //       to insure that it cannot be overridden by client subclasses.
    //       DO NOT INVOKE CLIENT CODE ON THIS THREAD!
    void dispatchCommittedText(String str, long when) {
        if (str == null)
            return;

        if (composedText == null) {
            AttributedString attrstr = new AttributedString(str);
            postInputMethodEvent(InputMethodEvent.INPUT_METHOD_TEXT_CHANGED,
                                 attrstr.getIterator(),
                                 str.length(),
                                 null,
                                 null,
                                 when);
        } else {
            // if there is composed text, wait until the preedit
            // callback is invoked.
            committedText = str;
        }
    }

    private void dispatchCommittedText(String str) {
        dispatchCommittedText(str, EventQueue.getMostRecentEventTime());
    }

    /**
     * Updates composed text with XIM preedit information and
     * posts composed text to the awt event queue. The args of
     * this method correspond to the XIM preedit callback
     * information. The XIM highlight attributes are translated via
     * fixed mapping (i.e., independent from any underlying input
     * method engine). This method is invoked in the AWT Toolkit
     * (X event loop) thread context and thus inside the AWT Lock.
     */
    // NOTE: This method may be called by privileged threads.
    //       This functionality is implemented in a package-private method
    //       to insure that it cannot be overridden by client subclasses.
    //       DO NOT INVOKE CLIENT CODE ON THIS THREAD!
    abstract void dispatchComposedText(String chgText,
                                           int[] chgStyles,
                                           int chgOffset,
                                           int chgLength,
                                           int caretPosition,
                                           long when);

    /**
     * Flushes composed and committed text held in this context.
     * This method is invoked in the AWT Toolkit (X event loop) thread context
     * and thus inside the AWT Lock.
     */
    // NOTE: This method may be called by privileged threads.
    //       This functionality is implemented in a package-private method
    //       to insure that it cannot be overridden by client subclasses.
    //       DO NOT INVOKE CLIENT CODE ON THIS THREAD!
    void flushText() {
        String flush = (committedText != null ? committedText : "");
        if (composedText != null) {
            flush += composedText.toString();
        }

        if (!flush.isEmpty()) {
            AttributedString attrstr = new AttributedString(flush);
            postInputMethodEvent(InputMethodEvent.INPUT_METHOD_TEXT_CHANGED,
                                 attrstr.getIterator(),
                                 flush.length(),
                                 null,
                                 null,
                                 EventQueue.getMostRecentEventTime());
            composedText = null;
            committedText = null;
        }
    }

    /*
     * Subclasses should override disposeImpl() instead of dispose(). Client
     * code should always invoke dispose(), never disposeImpl().
     */
    protected abstract void disposeImpl();

    /**
     * Frees all X Window resources associated with this object.
     *
     * @see java.awt.im.spi.InputMethod#dispose
     */
    @Override
    public final void dispose() {
        boolean call_disposeImpl = false;

        if (!disposed) {
            synchronized (this) {
                if (!disposed) {
                    disposed = call_disposeImpl = true;
                }
            }
        }

        if (call_disposeImpl) {
            disposeImpl();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns null.
     *
     * @see java.awt.im.spi.InputMethod#getControlObject
     */
    @Override
    public Object getControlObject() {
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * @see java.awt.im.spi.InputMethod#removeNotify
     */
    @Override
    public synchronized void removeNotify() {
        dispose();
    }

    /**
     * @see java.awt.im.spi.InputMethod#setCompositionEnabled(boolean)
     */
    @Override
    public abstract void setCompositionEnabled(boolean enable);

    /**
     * @see java.awt.im.spi.InputMethod#isCompositionEnabled
     */
    @Override
    public boolean isCompositionEnabled() {
        /* isCompositionEnabledNative may throw UnsupportedOperationException.
           Don't try to catch it since this method may be called by clients.
           Use package private method 'getCompositionState' if you want the
           exception to be caught.
        */
        return isCompositionEnabledNative();
    }

    /**
     * Ends any input composition that may currently be going on in this
     * context. Depending on the platform and possibly user preferences,
     * this may commit or delete uncommitted text. Any changes to the text
     * are communicated to the active component using an input method event.
     *
     * <p>
     * A text editing component may call this in a variety of situations,
     * for example, when the user moves the insertion point within the text
     * (but outside the composed text), or when the component's text is
     * saved to a file or copied to the clipboard.
     *
     */
    @Override
    public void endComposition() {
        if (disposed) {
            return;
        }

        /* Before calling resetXIC, record the current composition mode
           so that it can be restored later. */
        savedCompositionState = getCompositionState();
        boolean active = haveActiveClient();
        if (active && composedText == null && committedText == null){
            needResetXIC = true;
            needResetXICClient = new WeakReference<>(getClientComponent());
            return;
        }

        String text = resetXIC();
        /* needResetXIC is only set to true for active client. So passive
           client should not reset the flag to false. */
        if (active) {
            needResetXIC = false;
        }

        // Remove any existing composed text by posting an InputMethodEvent
        // with null composed text.  It would be desirable to wait for a
        // dispatchComposedText call from X input method engine, but some
        // input method does not conform to the XIM specification and does
        // not call the preedit callback to erase preedit text on calling
        // XmbResetIC.  To work around this problem, do it here by ourselves.
        awtLock();
        try {
            composedText = null;
            postInputMethodEvent(InputMethodEvent.INPUT_METHOD_TEXT_CHANGED,
                                 null,
                                 0,
                                 null,
                                 null);

            if (text != null && text.length() > 0) {
                dispatchCommittedText(text);
            }
        } finally {
            // Put awtUnlock into finally block in case an exception is thrown.
            awtUnlock();
        }

        // Restore the preedit state if it was enabled
        if (savedCompositionState) {
            resetCompositionState();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns a string with information about the current input method server, or null.
     * On both Linux & SunOS, the value of environment variable XMODIFIERS is
     * returned if set. Otherwise, on SunOS, $HOME/.dtprofile will be parsed
     * to find out the language service engine (atok or wnn) since there is
     * no API in Xlib which returns the information of native
     * IM server or language service and we want to try our best to return as much
     * information as possible.
     *
     * Note: This method could return null on Linux if XMODIFIERS is not set properly or
     * if any IOException is thrown.
     * See man page of XSetLocaleModifiers(3X11) for the usgae of XMODIFIERS,
     * atok12setup(1) and wnn6setup(1) for the information written to
     * $HOME/.dtprofile when you run these two commands.
     *
     */
    @Override
    public String getNativeInputMethodInfo() {
        String xmodifiers = System.getenv("XMODIFIERS");
        String imInfo = null;

        // If XMODIFIERS is set, return the value
        if (xmodifiers != null) {
            int imIndex = xmodifiers.indexOf("@im=");
            if (imIndex != -1) {
                imInfo = xmodifiers.substring(imIndex + 4);
            }
        }

        return imInfo;
    }


    /**
     * Performs mapping from an XIM visible feedback value to Java IM highlight.
     * @return Java input method highlight
     */
    protected InputMethodHighlight convertVisualFeedbackToHighlight(int feedback) {
        InputMethodHighlight highlight;

        switch (feedback) {
        case XIMUnderline:
            highlight = InputMethodHighlight.UNSELECTED_CONVERTED_TEXT_HIGHLIGHT;
            break;
        case XIMReverse:
            highlight = InputMethodHighlight.SELECTED_CONVERTED_TEXT_HIGHLIGHT;
            break;
        case XIMHighlight:
            highlight = InputMethodHighlight.SELECTED_RAW_TEXT_HIGHLIGHT;
            break;
        case 0: //None of the values are set by Wnn
        case XIMPrimary:
            highlight = InputMethodHighlight.UNSELECTED_CONVERTED_TEXT_HIGHLIGHT;
            break;
        case XIMSecondary:
            highlight = InputMethodHighlight.SELECTED_CONVERTED_TEXT_HIGHLIGHT;
            break;
        case XIMTertiary:
            highlight = InputMethodHighlight.SELECTED_RAW_TEXT_HIGHLIGHT;
            break;
        default:
            highlight = InputMethodHighlight.SELECTED_RAW_TEXT_HIGHLIGHT;
            break;
        }
        return highlight;
    }

    // initial capacity size for string buffer, etc.
    protected static final int INITIAL_SIZE = 64;

    /**
     * IntBuffer is an inner class that manipulates an int array and
     * provides UNIX file io stream-like programming interfaces to
     * access it. (An alternative would be to use ArrayList which may
     * be too expensive for the work.)
     */
    protected final class IntBuffer {
        private int[] intArray;
        private int size;
        private int index;

        IntBuffer(int initialCapacity) {
            intArray = new int[initialCapacity];
            size = 0;
            index = 0;
        }

        void insert(int offset, int[] values) {
            int newSize = size + values.length;
            if (intArray.length < newSize) {
                int[] newIntArray = new int[newSize * 2];
                System.arraycopy(intArray, 0, newIntArray, 0, size);
                intArray = newIntArray;
            }
            System.arraycopy(intArray, offset, intArray, offset+values.length,
                             size - offset);
            System.arraycopy(values, 0, intArray, offset, values.length);
            size += values.length;
            if (index > offset)
                index = offset;
        }

        void remove(int offset, int length) {
            if (offset + length != size)
                System.arraycopy(intArray, offset+length, intArray, offset,
                                 size - offset - length);
            size -= length;
            if (index > offset)
                index = offset;
        }

        void replace(int offset, int[] values) {
            System.arraycopy(values, 0, intArray, offset, values.length);
        }

        void removeAll() {
            size = 0;
            index = 0;
        }

        void rewind() {
            index = 0;
        }

        int getNext() {
            if (index == size)
                return -1;
            return intArray[index++];
        }

        void unget() {
            if (index != 0)
                index--;
        }

        int getOffset() {
            return index;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
            for (int i = 0; i < size;) {
                s.append(intArray[i++]);
                if (i < size)
                    s.append(",");
            }
            return s.toString();
        }
    }

    /*
     * Native methods
     */

    /**
     * Initialize JNI field and method IDs for fields that may be
     * accessed from C.
     */
    private static native void initIDs();

    protected native void turnoffStatusWindow();

    protected native void disposeXIC();

    private native String resetXIC();

    protected native boolean setCompositionEnabledNative(boolean enable);

    private native boolean isCompositionEnabledNative();
}