\newcommand{\etalchar}[1]{$^{#1}$}
\begin{thebibliography}{WPM{\etalchar{+}}09}

\bibitem[AQKE09]{ArtziQKE2009}
Shay Artzi, Jaime Quinonez, Adam Kie{\.z}un, and Michael~D. Ernst.
\newblock Parameter reference immutability: Formal definition, inference tool,
  and comparison.
\newblock {\em Automated Software Engineering}, 16(1):145--192, March 2009.

\bibitem[Art01]{Artho2001}
Cyrille Artho.
\newblock Finding faults in multi-threaded programs.
\newblock Master's thesis, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, March~15,
  2001.

\bibitem[BJM{\etalchar{+}}15]{BarrosJMVDdAE2015}
Paulo Barros, Ren\'e Just, Suzanne Millstein, Paul Vines, Werner Dietl, Marcelo
  d'Amorim, and Michael~D. Ernst.
\newblock Static analysis of implicit control flow: Resolving {Java} reflection
  and {Android} intents.
\newblock In {\em ASE 2015: Proceedings of the 30th Annual International
  Conference on Automated Software Engineering}, pages 669--679, Lincoln, NE,
  USA, November 2015.

\bibitem[CNA{\etalchar{+}}17]{CoblenzNAMS2017}
Michael Coblenz, Whitney Nelson, Jonathan Aldrich, Brad Myers, and Joshua
  Sunshine.
\newblock Glacier: Transitive class immutability for {Java}.
\newblock In {\em ICSE 2017, Proceedings of the 39th International Conference
  on Software Engineering}, pages 496--506, Buenos Aires, Argentina, May 2017.

\bibitem[Cop05]{Copeland2005}
Tom Copeland.
\newblock {\em PMD Applied}.
\newblock Centennial Books, November 2005.

\bibitem[Cro06]{JSR198}
Jose Cronembold.
\newblock {JSR} 198: A standard extension {API} for {Integrated} {Development}
  {Environments}.
\newblock \url{http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=198}, May~8, 2006.

\bibitem[Dar06]{JSR269}
Joe Darcy.
\newblock {JSR} 269: Pluggable annotation processing {API}.
\newblock \url{https://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=269}, May~17, 2006.
\newblock Public review version.

\bibitem[DDE{\etalchar{+}}11]{DietlDEMS2011}
Werner Dietl, Stephanie Dietzel, Michael~D. Ernst, K{\i}van{\c{c}} Mu{\c{s}}lu,
  and Todd Schiller.
\newblock Building and using pluggable type-checkers.
\newblock In {\em ICSE 2011, Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference
  on Software Engineering}, pages 681--690, Waikiki, Hawaii, USA, May 2011.

\bibitem[DEM11]{DietlEM2011}
Werner Dietl, Michael~D. Ernst, and Peter M{\"u}ller.
\newblock Tunable static inference for {Generic} {Universe} {Types}.
\newblock In {\em ECOOP 2011 --- Object-Oriented Programming, 25th European
  Conference}, pages 333--357, Lancaster, UK, July 2011.

\bibitem[EJM{\etalchar{+}}14]{ErnstJMDPRKBBHVW2014}
Michael~D. Ernst, Ren{\'e} Just, Suzanne Millstein, Werner Dietl, Stuart
  Pernsteiner, Franziska Roesner, Karl Koscher, Paulo Barros, Ravi Bhoraskar,
  Seungyeop Han, Paul Vines, and Edward~X. Wu.
\newblock Collaborative verification of information flow for a high-assurance
  app store.
\newblock In {\em CCS 2014: Proceedings of the 21st ACM Conference on Computer
  and Communications Security}, pages 1092--1104, Scottsdale, AZ, USA, November
  2014.

\bibitem[ELM{\etalchar{+}}15]{ErnstLMSS2015}
Michael~D. Ernst, Alberto Lovato, Damiano Macedonio, Ciprian Spiridon, and
  Fausto Spoto.
\newblock Boolean formulas for the static identification of injection attacks
  in {Java}.
\newblock In {\em LPAR 2015: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference
  on Logic for Programming, Artificial Intelligence, and Reasoning}, pages
  130--145, Suva, Fiji, November 2015.

\bibitem[Ern08]{JSR308-2008-09-12}
Michael~D. Ernst.
\newblock {Type Annotations} specification ({JSR} 308).
\newblock \url{https://checkerframework.org/jsr308/}, September~12, 2008.

\bibitem[GDEG13]{GordonDEG2013}
Colin~S. Gordon, Werner Dietl, Michael~D. Ernst, and Dan Grossman.
\newblock {JavaUI}: Effects for controlling {UI} object access.
\newblock In {\em ECOOP 2013 --- Object-Oriented Programming, 27th European
  Conference}, pages 179--204, Montpellier, France, July 2013.

\bibitem[Goe06]{Goetz2006:typedef}
Brian Goetz.
\newblock The pseudo-typedef antipattern: Extension is not type definition.
\newblock \url{https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/java/library/j-jtp02216/},
  February~21, 2006.

\bibitem[GPB{\etalchar{+}}06]{Goetz2006}
Brian Goetz, Tim Peierls, Joshua Bloch, Joseph Bowbeer, David Holmes, and Doug
  Lea.
\newblock {\em Java Concurrency in Practice}.
\newblock Addison-Wesley, 2006.

\bibitem[HDME12]{HuangDME2012}
Wei Huang, Werner Dietl, Ana Milanova, and Michael~D. Ernst.
\newblock Inference and checking of object ownership.
\newblock In {\em ECOOP 2012 --- Object-Oriented Programming, 26th European
  Conference}, pages 181--206, Beijing, China, June 2012.

\bibitem[HMDE12]{HuangMDE2012}
Wei Huang, Ana Milanova, Werner Dietl, and Michael~D. Ernst.
\newblock {ReIm} \& {ReImInfer}: Checking and inference of reference
  immutability and method purity.
\newblock In {\em OOPSLA 2012, Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages,
  and Applications}, pages 879--896, Tucson, AZ, USA, October 2012.

\bibitem[HP04]{HovemeyerP2004}
David Hovemeyer and William Pugh.
\newblock Finding bugs is easy.
\newblock In {\em OOPSLA Companion: Companion to Object-Oriented Programming
  Systems, Languages, and Applications}, pages 132--136, Vancouver, BC, Canada,
  October 2004.

\bibitem[HSP05]{HovemeyerSP2005}
David Hovemeyer, Jaime Spacco, and William Pugh.
\newblock Evaluating and tuning a static analysis to find null pointer bugs.
\newblock In {\em PASTE 2005: ACM SIGPLAN/SIGSOFT Workshop on Program Analysis
  for Software Tools and Engineering (PASTE 2005)}, pages 13--19, Lisbon,
  Portugal, September 2005.

\bibitem[LBR06]{LeavensBR2006:JML}
Gary~T. Leavens, Albert~L. Baker, and Clyde Ruby.
\newblock Preliminary design of {JML}: A behavioral interface specification
  language for {Java}.
\newblock {\em ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes}, 31(3), March 2006.

\bibitem[PAC{\etalchar{+}}08]{PapiACPE2008}
Matthew~M. Papi, Mahmood Ali, Telmo~Luis {Correa~Jr.}, Jeff~H. Perkins, and
  Michael~D. Ernst.
\newblock Practical pluggable types for {Java}.
\newblock In {\em ISSTA 2008, Proceedings of the 2008 International Symposium
  on Software Testing and Analysis}, pages 201--212, Seattle, WA, USA, July
  2008.

\bibitem[QTE08]{QuinonezTE2008}
Jaime Quinonez, Matthew~S. Tschantz, and Michael~D. Ernst.
\newblock Inference of reference immutability.
\newblock In {\em ECOOP 2008 --- Object-Oriented Programming, 22nd European
  Conference}, pages 616--641, Paphos, Cyprus, July 2008.

\bibitem[SCSC18]{SteinCSC2018}
Benno Stein, Lazaro Clapp, Manu Sridharan, and Bor{-}Yuh~Evan Chang.
\newblock Safe stream-based programming with refinement types.
\newblock In {\em ASE 2018: Proceedings of the 33rd Annual International
  Conference on Automated Software Engineering}, pages 565--576, Montpellier,
  France, September 2018.

\bibitem[SDE12]{SpishakDE2012}
Eric Spishak, Werner Dietl, and Michael~D. Ernst.
\newblock A type system for regular expressions.
\newblock In {\em FTfJP: 14th Workshop on Formal Techniques for Java-like
  Programs}, pages 20--26, Beijing, China, June 2012.

\bibitem[SDF{\etalchar{+}}11]{SampsonDFGCG2011}
Adrian Sampson, Werner Dietl, Emily Fortuna, Danushen Gnanapragasam, Luis Ceze,
  and Dan Grossman.
\newblock {EnerJ}: Approximate data types for safe and general low-power
  computation.
\newblock In {\em PLDI 2011: Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGPLAN} 2011 Conference
  on Programming Language Design and Implementation}, pages 164--174, San Jose,
  CA, USA, June 2011.

\bibitem[SM11]{SummersM2011}
Alexander~J. Summers and Peter M{\"u}ller.
\newblock Freedom before commitment: A lightweight type system for object
  initialisation.
\newblock In {\em OOPSLA 2011, Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages,
  and Applications}, pages 1013--1032, Portland, OR, USA, October 2011.

\bibitem[TE05]{TschantzE2005}
Matthew~S. Tschantz and Michael~D. Ernst.
\newblock Javari: Adding reference immutability to {Java}.
\newblock In {\em OOPSLA 2005, Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages,
  and Applications}, pages 211--230, San Diego, CA, USA, October 2005.

\bibitem[TPV10]{TangPJ2010}
Daniel Tang, Ales Plsek, and Jan Vitek.
\newblock Static checking of safety critical {Java} annotations.
\newblock In {\em JTRES 2010: 8th International Workshop on Java Technologies
  for Real-time and Embedded Systems}, pages 148--154, Prague, Czech Republic,
  August 2010.

\bibitem[VPEJ14]{VakilianPEJ2014}
Mohsen Vakilian, Amarin Phaosawasdi, Michael~D. Ernst, and Ralph~E. Johnson.
\newblock Cascade: A universal type qualifier inference tool.
\newblock Technical report, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,
  IL, USA, September 2014.

\bibitem[WKSE14]{WeitzKSE2014}
Konstantin Weitz, Gene Kim, Siwakorn Srisakaokul, and Michael~D. Ernst.
\newblock A type system for format strings.
\newblock In {\em ISSTA 2014, Proceedings of the 2014 International Symposium
  on Software Testing and Analysis}, pages 127--137, San Jose, CA, USA, July
  2014.

\bibitem[WPM{\etalchar{+}}09]{WrigstadPMZV2009}
Tobias Wrigstad, Filip Pizlo, Fadi Meawad, Lei Zhao, and Jan Vitek.
\newblock Loci: Simple thread-locality for {J}ava.
\newblock In {\em ECOOP 2009 --- Object-Oriented Programming, 23rd European
  Conference}, pages 445--469, Genova, Italy, July 2009.

\bibitem[ZPA{\etalchar{+}}07]{ZibinPAAKE2007}
Yoav Zibin, Alex Potanin, Mahmood Ali, Shay Artzi, Adam Kie{\.z}un, and
  Michael~D. Ernst.
\newblock Object and reference immutability using {Java} generics.
\newblock In {\em ESEC/FSE 2007: Proceedings of the 11th European Software
  Engineering Conference and the 15th {ACM} {SIGSOFT} Symposium on the
  Foundations of Software Engineering}, pages 75--84, Dubrovnik, Croatia,
  September 2007.

\bibitem[ZPL{\etalchar{+}}10]{ZibinPLAE2010}
Yoav Zibin, Alex Potanin, Paley Li, Mahmood Ali, and Michael~D. Ernst.
\newblock Ownership and immutability in generic {Java}.
\newblock In {\em OOPSLA 2010, Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages,
  and Applications}, pages 598--617, Revo, NV, USA, October 2010.

\end{thebibliography}