foundation/org.eclipse.persistence.core/src/main/java/org/eclipse/persistence/platform/database/H2Platform.java

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1998, 2021 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 *
 * This program and the accompanying materials are made available under the
 * terms of the Eclipse Public License v. 2.0 which is available at
 * http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-2.0,
 * or the Eclipse Distribution License v. 1.0 which is available at
 * http://www.eclipse.org/org/documents/edl-v10.php.
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: EPL-2.0 OR BSD-3-Clause
 */

// Contributors:
//     Mike Keith
//
// Patterned after:
//   org.eclipse.persistence.platform.database.DB2MainframePlatform
//
//     09/14/2011-2.3.1 Guy Pelletier
//       - 357533: Allow DDL queries to execute even when Multitenant entities are part of the PU
package org.eclipse.persistence.platform.database;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

import org.eclipse.persistence.internal.databaseaccess.DatabaseCall;
import org.eclipse.persistence.internal.databaseaccess.FieldTypeDefinition;
import org.eclipse.persistence.internal.expressions.ExpressionSQLPrinter;
import org.eclipse.persistence.internal.expressions.SQLSelectStatement;
import org.eclipse.persistence.internal.helper.ClassConstants;
import org.eclipse.persistence.internal.helper.DatabaseField;
import org.eclipse.persistence.internal.helper.DatabaseTable;
import org.eclipse.persistence.queries.ValueReadQuery;
import org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.ValidationException;
import org.eclipse.persistence.expressions.ExpressionOperator;

public class H2Platform extends DatabasePlatform {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -2935483687958482934L;

    public H2Platform() {
        super();
        setPingSQL("SELECT 1");
    }

    /**
     * Print the pagination SQL using H2 syntax " LIMIT {@literal <max> OFFSET <first>}".
     */
    @Override
    public void printSQLSelectStatement(DatabaseCall call, ExpressionSQLPrinter printer, SQLSelectStatement statement) {
        int max = 0;
        if (statement.getQuery() != null) {
            max = statement.getQuery().getMaxRows();
        }
        if (max <= 0  || !(this.shouldUseRownumFiltering())) {
            super.printSQLSelectStatement(call, printer, statement);
            return;
        }
        statement.setUseUniqueFieldAliases(true);
        call.setFields(statement.printSQL(printer));
        printer.printString(" LIMIT ");
        printer.printParameter(DatabaseCall.MAXROW_FIELD);
        printer.printString(" OFFSET ");
        printer.printParameter(DatabaseCall.FIRSTRESULT_FIELD);
        call.setIgnoreFirstRowSetting(true);
        call.setIgnoreMaxResultsSetting(true);
    }

    /**
     * INTERNAL:
     * Use the JDBC maxResults and firstResultIndex setting to compute a value to use when
     * limiting the results of a query in SQL.  These limits tend to be used in two ways.
     *
     * 1. MaxRows is the index of the last row to be returned (like JDBC maxResults)
     * 2. MaxRows is the number of rows to be returned
     *
     * H2 uses case #2 and therefore the maxResults has to be altered based on the firstResultIndex.
     */
    @Override
    public int computeMaxRowsForSQL(int firstResultIndex, int maxResults){
        return maxResults - ((firstResultIndex >= 0) ? firstResultIndex : 0);
    }

    @Override
    protected Hashtable<Class<?>, FieldTypeDefinition> buildFieldTypes() {
        Hashtable<Class<?>, FieldTypeDefinition> fieldTypeMapping = super.buildFieldTypes();
        fieldTypeMapping.put(Boolean.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("BOOLEAN", false));

        fieldTypeMapping.put(Integer.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("INTEGER", false));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(Long.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("BIGINT", false));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(Float.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("DOUBLE", false));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(Double.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("DOUBLE", false));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(Short.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("SMALLINT", false));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(Byte.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("SMALLINT", false));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(java.math.BigInteger.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("NUMERIC", 38));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(java.math.BigDecimal.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("NUMERIC", 38).setLimits(38, -19, 19));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(Number.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("NUMERIC", 38).setLimits(38, -19, 19));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(Byte[].class, new FieldTypeDefinition("LONGVARBINARY", false));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(Character[].class, new FieldTypeDefinition("LONGVARCHAR", false));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(byte[].class, new FieldTypeDefinition("LONGVARBINARY", false));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(char[].class, new FieldTypeDefinition("LONGVARCHAR", false));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(java.sql.Blob.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("BLOB", false));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(java.sql.Clob.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("CLOB", false));

        fieldTypeMapping.put(java.sql.Date.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("DATE", false));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(java.sql.Timestamp.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("TIMESTAMP", false));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(java.sql.Time.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("TIME", false));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(java.util.Calendar.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("TIMESTAMP", false));
        fieldTypeMapping.put(java.util.Date.class, new FieldTypeDefinition("TIMESTAMP", false));

        return fieldTypeMapping;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isAlterSequenceObjectSupported() {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * INTERNAL
     * H2 has some issues with using parameters on certain functions and relations.
     * This allows statements to disable binding only in these cases.
     */
    @Override
    public boolean isDynamicSQLRequiredForFunctions() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public ValueReadQuery buildSelectQueryForSequenceObject(String seqName, Integer size) {
        return new ValueReadQuery(new StringBuilder(20 + seqName.length()).append("CALL NEXT VALUE FOR ").append(seqName).toString());
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supportsIdentity() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supportsSequenceObjects() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public ValueReadQuery buildSelectQueryForIdentity() {
        return new ValueReadQuery("CALL IDENTITY()");
    }

    @Override
    public void printFieldIdentityClause(Writer writer) throws ValidationException {
        try {
            writer.append(" IDENTITY");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw ValidationException.logIOError(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supportsForeignKeyConstraints() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supportsGlobalTempTables() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    protected String getCreateTempTableSqlPrefix() {
        return "CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE IF NOT EXISTS ";
    }

    /**
     * H2 does not allow using () in the update if only one field.
     */
    @Override
    public void writeUpdateOriginalFromTempTableSql(Writer writer, DatabaseTable table,
                                                    Collection<DatabaseField> pkFields,
                                                    Collection<DatabaseField> assignedFields) throws IOException
    {
        writer.write("UPDATE ");
        String tableName = table.getQualifiedNameDelimited(this);
        writer.write(tableName);
        writer.write(" SET ");
        if (assignedFields.size() > 1) {
            writer.write("(");
        }
        writeFieldsList(writer, assignedFields, this);
        if (assignedFields.size() > 1) {
            writer.write(")");
        }
        writer.write(" = (SELECT ");
        writeFieldsList(writer, assignedFields, this);
        writer.write(" FROM ");
        String tempTableName = getTempTableForTable(table).getQualifiedNameDelimited(this);
        writer.write(tempTableName);
        writeAutoJoinWhereClause(writer, null, tableName, pkFields, this);
        writer.write(") WHERE EXISTS(SELECT ");
        writer.write(pkFields.iterator().next().getNameDelimited(this));
        writer.write(" FROM ");
        writer.write(tempTableName);
        writeAutoJoinWhereClause(writer, null, tableName, pkFields, this);
        writer.write(")");
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supportsStoredFunctions() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public ValueReadQuery getTimestampQuery() {
        if (timestampQuery == null) {
            timestampQuery = new ValueReadQuery();
            timestampQuery.setSQLString("SELECT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()");
            timestampQuery.setAllowNativeSQLQuery(true);
        }
        return timestampQuery;
    }

    @Override
    protected void initializePlatformOperators() {
        super.initializePlatformOperators();
        addOperator(ExpressionOperator.simpleMath(ExpressionOperator.Concat, "||"));
        addOperator(ExpressionOperator.simpleFunction(ExpressionOperator.Ceil, "CEILING"));
        addOperator(ExpressionOperator.simpleTwoArgumentFunction(ExpressionOperator.Nvl, "IFNULL"));
        addOperator(toNumberOperator());
        addOperator(monthsBetweenOperator());
    }

    /**
     * INTERNAL:
     * Use CONVERT function for toNumber.
     */
    public static ExpressionOperator toNumberOperator() {
        ExpressionOperator exOperator = new ExpressionOperator();
        exOperator.setType(ExpressionOperator.FunctionOperator);
        exOperator.setSelector(ExpressionOperator.ToNumber);
        List<String> v = new ArrayList<>(2);
        v.add("CONVERT(");
        v.add(",DECIMAL)");
        exOperator.printsAs(v);
        exOperator.bePrefix();
        exOperator.setNodeClass(ClassConstants.FunctionExpression_Class);
        return exOperator;
    }

    /**
     * INTERNAL:
     * Use MONTH function for MONTH_BETWEEN.
     */
    public static ExpressionOperator monthsBetweenOperator() {
        ExpressionOperator exOperator = new ExpressionOperator();
        exOperator.setType(ExpressionOperator.FunctionOperator);
        exOperator.setSelector(ExpressionOperator.MonthsBetween);
        List<String> v = new ArrayList<>(2);
        v.add("(MONTH(");
        v.add(") - MONTH(");
        v.add("))");
        exOperator.printsAs(v);
        exOperator.bePrefix();
        exOperator.setNodeClass(ClassConstants.FunctionExpression_Class);
        return exOperator;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isH2() {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * INTERNAL:
     * Used for stored procedure calls.
     */
    @Override
    public String getProcedureCallHeader() {
        return "CALL ";
    }
}