api/src/main/java/jakarta/xml/bind/JAXB.java - jaxb-api - Git at Google

 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2006, 2021 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  *
  * This program and the accompanying materials are made available under the
  * terms of the Eclipse Distribution License v. 1.0, which is available at
  * http://www.eclipse.org/org/documents/edl-v10.php.
  *
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
  */

 package jakarta.xml.bind;

 import jakarta.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
 import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
 import javax.xml.transform.Result;
 import javax.xml.transform.Source;
 import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
 import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.io.Reader;
 import java.io.Writer;
 import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
 import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
 import java.net.URI;
 import java.net.URISyntaxException;
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.net.URLConnection;

 /**
  * Class that defines convenience methods for common, simple use of Jakarta XML Binding.
  *
  * <p>
  * Methods defined in this class are convenience methods that combine several basic operations
  * in the {@link JAXBContext}, {@link Unmarshaller}, and {@link Marshaller}.
  *
  * They are designed
  * to be the prefered methods for developers new to Jakarta XML Binding. They have
  * the following characterstics:
  *
  * <ol>
  *  <li>Generally speaking, the performance is not necessarily optimal.
  *      It is expected that people who need to write performance
  *      critical code will use the rest of the Jakarta XML Binding API directly.
  *  <li>Errors that happen during the processing is wrapped into
  *      {@link DataBindingException} (which will have {@link JAXBException}
  *      as its {@link Throwable#getCause() cause}. It is expected that
  *      people who prefer the checked exception would use
  *      the rest of the Jakarta XML Binding API directly.
  * </ol>
  *
  * <p>
  * In addition, the {@code unmarshal} methods have the following characteristic:
  *
  * <ol>
  *  <li>Schema validation is not performed on the input XML.
  *      The processing will try to continue even if there
  *      are errors in the XML, as much as possible. Only as
  *      the last resort, this method fails with {@link DataBindingException}.
  * </ol>
  *
  * <p>
  * Similarly, the {@code marshal} methods have the following characteristic:
  * <ol>
  *  <li>The processing will try to continue even if the Java object tree
  *      does not meet the validity requirement. Only as
  *      the last resort, this method fails with {@link DataBindingException}.
  * </ol>
  *
  *
  * <p>
  * All the methods on this class require non-null arguments to all parameters.
  * The {@code unmarshal} methods either fail with an exception or return
  * a non-null value.
  *
  * @author Kohsuke Kawaguchi
  * @since 1.6, JAXB 2.1
  */
 public final class JAXB {
     /**
      * No instantiation is allowed.
      */
     private JAXB() {}

     /**
      * To improve the performance, we'll cache the last {@link JAXBContext} used.
      */
     private static final class Cache {
         final Class<?> type;
         final JAXBContext context;

         public Cache(Class<?> type) throws JAXBException {
             this.type = type;
             this.context = JAXBContext.newInstance(type);
         }
     }

     /**
      * Cache. We don't want to prevent the {@link Cache#type} from GC-ed,
      * hence {@link WeakReference}.
      */
     private static volatile WeakReference<Cache> cache;

     /**
      * Obtains the {@link JAXBContext} from the given type,
      * by using the cache if possible.
      *
      * <p>
      * We don't use locks to control access to {@link #cache}, but this code
      * should be thread-safe thanks to the immutable {@link Cache} and {@code volatile}.
      */
     private static <T> JAXBContext getContext(Class<T> type) throws JAXBException {
         WeakReference<Cache> c = cache;
         if(c!=null) {
             Cache d = c.get();
             if(d!=null && d.type==type)
                 return d.context;
         }

         // overwrite the cache
         Cache d = new Cache(type);
         cache = new WeakReference<>(d);

         return d.context;
     }

     /**
      * Reads in a Java object tree from the given XML input.
      *
      * @param xml
      *      Reads the entire file as XML.
      */
     public static <T> T unmarshal( File xml, Class<T> type ) {
         try {
             JAXBElement<T> item = getContext(type).createUnmarshaller().unmarshal(new StreamSource(xml), type);
             return item.getValue();
         } catch (JAXBException e) {
             throw new DataBindingException(e);
         }
     }

     /**
      * Reads in a Java object tree from the given XML input.
      *
      * @param xml
      *      The resource pointed by the URL is read in its entirety.
      */
     public static <T> T unmarshal( URL xml, Class<T> type ) {
         try {
             JAXBElement<T> item = getContext(type).createUnmarshaller().unmarshal(toSource(xml), type);
             return item.getValue();
         } catch (JAXBException | IOException e) {
             throw new DataBindingException(e);
         }
     }

     /**
      * Reads in a Java object tree from the given XML input.
      *
      * @param xml
      *      The URI is {@link URI#toURL() turned into URL} and then
      *      follows the handling of {@code URL}.
      */
     public static <T> T unmarshal( URI xml, Class<T> type ) {
         try {
             JAXBElement<T> item = getContext(type).createUnmarshaller().unmarshal(toSource(xml), type);
             return item.getValue();
         } catch (JAXBException | IOException e) {
             throw new DataBindingException(e);
         }
     }

     /**
      * Reads in a Java object tree from the given XML input.
      *
      * @param xml
      *      The string is first interpreted as an absolute {@code URI}.
      *      If it's not {@link URI#isAbsolute() a valid absolute URI},
      *      then it's interpreted as a {@code File}
      */
     public static <T> T unmarshal( String xml, Class<T> type ) {
         try {
             JAXBElement<T> item = getContext(type).createUnmarshaller().unmarshal(toSource(xml), type);
             return item.getValue();
         } catch (JAXBException | IOException e) {
             throw new DataBindingException(e);
         }
     }

     /**
      * Reads in a Java object tree from the given XML input.
      *
      * @param xml
      *      The entire stream is read as an XML infoset.
      *      Upon a successful completion, the stream will be closed by this method.
      */
     public static <T> T unmarshal( InputStream xml, Class<T> type ) {
         try {
             JAXBElement<T> item = getContext(type).createUnmarshaller().unmarshal(toSource(xml), type);
             return item.getValue();
         } catch (JAXBException | IOException e) {
             throw new DataBindingException(e);
         }
     }

     /**
      * Reads in a Java object tree from the given XML input.
      *
      * @param xml
      *      The character stream is read as an XML infoset.
      *      The encoding declaration in the XML will be ignored.
      *      Upon a successful completion, the stream will be closed by this method.
      */
     public static <T> T unmarshal( Reader xml, Class<T> type ) {
         try {
             JAXBElement<T> item = getContext(type).createUnmarshaller().unmarshal(toSource(xml), type);
             return item.getValue();
         } catch (JAXBException | IOException e) {
             throw new DataBindingException(e);
         }
     }

     /**
      * Reads in a Java object tree from the given XML input.
      *
      * @param xml
      *      The XML infoset that the {@link Source} represents is read.
      */
     public static <T> T unmarshal( Source xml, Class<T> type ) {
         try {
             JAXBElement<T> item = getContext(type).createUnmarshaller().unmarshal(toSource(xml), type);
             return item.getValue();
         } catch (JAXBException | IOException e) {
             throw new DataBindingException(e);
         }
     }


     /**
      * Creates {@link Source} from various XML representation.
      * See {@link #unmarshal} for the conversion rules.
      */
     private static Source toSource(Object xml) throws IOException {
         if(xml==null)
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("no XML is given");

         if (xml instanceof String) {
             try {
                 xml=new URI((String)xml);
             } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
                 xml=new File((String)xml);
             }
         }
         if (xml instanceof File) {
             File file = (File) xml;
             return new StreamSource(file);
         }
         if (xml instanceof URI) {
             URI uri = (URI) xml;
             xml=uri.toURL();
         }
         if (xml instanceof URL) {
             URL url = (URL) xml;
             return new StreamSource(url.toExternalForm());
         }
         if (xml instanceof InputStream) {
             InputStream in = (InputStream) xml;
             return new StreamSource(in);
         }
         if (xml instanceof Reader) {
             Reader r = (Reader) xml;
             return new StreamSource(r);
         }
         if (xml instanceof Source) {
             return (Source) xml;
         }
         throw new IllegalArgumentException("I don't understand how to handle "+xml.getClass());
     }

     /**
      * Writes a Java object tree to XML and store it to the specified location.
      *
      * @param jaxbObject
      *      The Java object to be marshalled into XML. If this object is
      *      a {@link JAXBElement}, it will provide the root tag name and
      *      the body. If this object has {@link XmlRootElement}
      *      on its class definition, that will be used as the root tag name
      *      and the given object will provide the body. Otherwise,
      *      the root tag name is inferred from
      *      {@link Class#getSimpleName() the short class name}.
      *      This parameter must not be null.
      *
      * @param xml
      *      XML will be written to this file. If it already exists,
      *      it will be overwritten.
      *
      * @throws DataBindingException
      *      If the operation fails, such as due to I/O error, unbindable classes.
      */
     public static void marshal( Object jaxbObject, File xml ) {
         _marshal(jaxbObject,xml);
     }

     /**
      * Writes a Java object tree to XML and store it to the specified location.
      *
      * @param jaxbObject
      *      The Java object to be marshalled into XML. If this object is
      *      a {@link JAXBElement}, it will provide the root tag name and
      *      the body. If this object has {@link XmlRootElement}
      *      on its class definition, that will be used as the root tag name
      *      and the given object will provide the body. Otherwise,
      *      the root tag name is inferred from
      *      {@link Class#getSimpleName() the short class name}.
      *      This parameter must not be null.
      *
      * @param xml
      *      The XML will be {@link URLConnection#getOutputStream() sent} to the
      *      resource pointed by this URL. Note that not all {@code URL}s support
      *      such operation, and exact semantics depends on the {@code URL}
      *      implementations. In case of {@link HttpURLConnection HTTP URLs},
      *      this will perform HTTP POST.
      *
      * @throws DataBindingException
      *      If the operation fails, such as due to I/O error, unbindable classes.
      */
     public static void marshal( Object jaxbObject, URL xml ) {
         _marshal(jaxbObject,xml);
     }

     /**
      * Writes a Java object tree to XML and store it to the specified location.
      *
      * @param jaxbObject
      *      The Java object to be marshalled into XML. If this object is
      *      a {@link JAXBElement}, it will provide the root tag name and
      *      the body. If this object has {@link XmlRootElement}
      *      on its class definition, that will be used as the root tag name
      *      and the given object will provide the body. Otherwise,
      *      the root tag name is inferred from
      *      {@link Class#getSimpleName() the short class name}.
      *      This parameter must not be null.
      *
      * @param xml
      *      The URI is {@link URI#toURL() turned into URL} and then
      *      follows the handling of {@code URL}. See above.
      *
      * @throws DataBindingException
      *      If the operation fails, such as due to I/O error, unbindable classes.
      */
     public static void marshal( Object jaxbObject, URI xml ) {
         _marshal(jaxbObject,xml);
     }

     /**
      * Writes a Java object tree to XML and store it to the specified location.
      *
      * @param jaxbObject
      *      The Java object to be marshalled into XML. If this object is
      *      a {@link JAXBElement}, it will provide the root tag name and
      *      the body. If this object has {@link XmlRootElement}
      *      on its class definition, that will be used as the root tag name
      *      and the given object will provide the body. Otherwise,
      *      the root tag name is inferred from
      *      {@link Class#getSimpleName() the short class name}.
      *      This parameter must not be null.
      *
      * @param xml
      *      The string is first interpreted as an absolute {@code URI}.
      *      If it's not {@link URI#isAbsolute() a valid absolute URI},
      *      then it's interpreted as a {@code File}
      *
      * @throws DataBindingException
      *      If the operation fails, such as due to I/O error, unbindable classes.
      */
     public static void marshal( Object jaxbObject, String xml ) {
         _marshal(jaxbObject,xml);
     }

     /**
      * Writes a Java object tree to XML and store it to the specified location.
      *
      * @param jaxbObject
      *      The Java object to be marshalled into XML. If this object is
      *      a {@link JAXBElement}, it will provide the root tag name and
      *      the body. If this object has {@link XmlRootElement}
      *      on its class definition, that will be used as the root tag name
      *      and the given object will provide the body. Otherwise,
      *      the root tag name is inferred from
      *      {@link Class#getSimpleName() the short class name}.
      *      This parameter must not be null.
      *
      * @param xml
      *      The XML will be sent to the given {@link OutputStream}.
      *      Upon a successful completion, the stream will be closed by this method.
      *
      * @throws DataBindingException
      *      If the operation fails, such as due to I/O error, unbindable classes.
      */
     public static void marshal( Object jaxbObject, OutputStream xml ) {
         _marshal(jaxbObject,xml);
     }

     /**
      * Writes a Java object tree to XML and store it to the specified location.
      *
      * @param jaxbObject
      *      The Java object to be marshalled into XML. If this object is
      *      a {@link JAXBElement}, it will provide the root tag name and
      *      the body. If this object has {@link XmlRootElement}
      *      on its class definition, that will be used as the root tag name
      *      and the given object will provide the body. Otherwise,
      *      the root tag name is inferred from
      *      {@link Class#getSimpleName() the short class name}.
      *      This parameter must not be null.
      *
      * @param xml
      *      The XML will be sent as a character stream to the given {@link Writer}.
      *      Upon a successful completion, the stream will be closed by this method.
      *
      * @throws DataBindingException
      *      If the operation fails, such as due to I/O error, unbindable classes.
      */
     public static void marshal( Object jaxbObject, Writer xml ) {
         _marshal(jaxbObject,xml);
     }

     /**
      * Writes a Java object tree to XML and store it to the specified location.
      *
      * @param jaxbObject
      *      The Java object to be marshalled into XML. If this object is
      *      a {@link JAXBElement}, it will provide the root tag name and
      *      the body. If this object has {@link XmlRootElement}
      *      on its class definition, that will be used as the root tag name
      *      and the given object will provide the body. Otherwise,
      *      the root tag name is inferred from
      *      {@link Class#getSimpleName() the short class name}.
      *      This parameter must not be null.
      *
      * @param xml
      *      The XML will be sent to the {@link Result} object.
      *
      * @throws DataBindingException
      *      If the operation fails, such as due to I/O error, unbindable classes.
      */
     public static void marshal( Object jaxbObject, Result xml ) {
         _marshal(jaxbObject,xml);
     }

     /**
      * Writes a Java object tree to XML and store it to the specified location.
      *
      * <p>
      * This method is a convenience method that combines several basic operations
      * in the {@link JAXBContext} and {@link Marshaller}. This method is designed
      * to be the prefered method for developers new to Jakarta XML Binding. This method
      * has the following characterstics:
      *
      * <ol>
      *  <li>Generally speaking, the performance is not necessarily optimal.
      *      It is expected that those people who need to write performance
      *      critical code will use the rest of the Jakarta XML Binding API directly.
      *  <li>Errors that happen during the processing is wrapped into
      *      {@link DataBindingException} (which will have {@link JAXBException}
      *      as its {@link Throwable#getCause() cause}. It is expected that
      *      those people who prefer the checked exception would use
      *      the rest of the Jakarta XML Binding API directly.
      * </ol>
      *
      * @param jaxbObject
      *      The Java object to be marshalled into XML. If this object is
      *      a {@link JAXBElement}, it will provide the root tag name and
      *      the body. If this object has {@link XmlRootElement}
      *      on its class definition, that will be used as the root tag name
      *      and the given object will provide the body. Otherwise,
      *      the root tag name is inferred from
      *      {@link Class#getSimpleName() the short class name}.
      *      This parameter must not be null.
      *
      * @param xml
      *      Represents the receiver of XML. Objects of the following types are allowed.
      *
      *      <table>
      *          <caption>Allowed Objects</caption>
      *      <tr>
      *          <th>Type</th>
      *          <th>Operation</th>
      *      </tr><tr>
      *          <td>{@link File}</td>
      *          <td>XML will be written to this file. If it already exists,
      *              it will be overwritten.</td>
      *      </tr><tr>
      *          <td>{@link URL}</td>
      *          <td>The XML will be {@link URLConnection#getOutputStream() sent} to the
      *              resource pointed by this URL. Note that not all {@code URL}s support
      *              such operation, and exact semantics depends on the {@code URL}
      *              implementations. In case of {@link HttpURLConnection HTTP URLs},
      *              this will perform HTTP POST.</td>
      *      </tr><tr>
      *          <td>{@link URI}</td>
      *          <td>The URI is {@link URI#toURL() turned into URL} and then
      *              follows the handling of {@code URL}. See above.</td>
      *      </tr><tr>
      *          <td>{@link String}</td>
      *          <td>The string is first interpreted as an absolute {@code URI}.
      *              If it's not {@link URI#isAbsolute() a valid absolute URI},
      *              then it's interpreted as a {@code File}</td>
      *      </tr><tr>
      *          <td>{@link OutputStream}</td>
      *          <td>The XML will be sent to the given {@link OutputStream}.
      *              Upon a successful completion, the stream will be closed by this method.</td>
      *      </tr><tr>
      *          <td>{@link Writer}</td>
      *          <td>The XML will be sent as a character stream to the given {@link Writer}.
      *              Upon a successful completion, the stream will be closed by this method.</td>
      *      </tr><tr>
      *          <td>{@link Result}</td>
      *          <td>The XML will be sent to the {@link Result} object.</td>
      *      </tr></table>
      *
      * @throws DataBindingException
      *      If the operation fails, such as due to I/O error, unbindable classes.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes", "unchecked"})
     private static void _marshal( Object jaxbObject, Object xml ) {
         try {
             JAXBContext context;

             if(jaxbObject instanceof JAXBElement) {
                 context = getContext(((JAXBElement<?>)jaxbObject).getDeclaredType());
             } else {
                 Class<?> clazz = jaxbObject.getClass();
                 XmlRootElement r = clazz.getAnnotation(XmlRootElement.class);
                 context = getContext(clazz);
                 if(r==null) {
                     // we need to infer the name
                     jaxbObject = new JAXBElement(new QName(inferName(clazz)),clazz,jaxbObject);
                 }
             }

             Marshaller m = context.createMarshaller();
             m.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT,true);
             m.marshal(jaxbObject, toResult(xml));
         } catch (JAXBException | IOException e) {
             throw new DataBindingException(e);
         }
     }

     private static String inferName(Class<?> clazz) {
         // XXX - behaviour of this method must be same as of Introspector.decapitalize
         // which is not used to avoid dependency on java.desktop
         String simpleName = clazz.getSimpleName();
         if (simpleName.isEmpty()) {
             return simpleName;
         }
         if (simpleName.length() > 1 && Character.isUpperCase(simpleName.charAt(1))
                 && Character.isUpperCase(simpleName.charAt(0))) {
             return simpleName;
         }
         char[] chars = simpleName.toCharArray();
         chars[0] = Character.toLowerCase(chars[0]);
         return new String(chars);
     }

     /**
      * Creates {@link Result} from various XML representation.
      * See {@link #_marshal(Object,Object)} for the conversion rules.
      */
     private static Result toResult(Object xml) throws IOException {
         if(xml==null)
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("no XML is given");

         if (xml instanceof String) {
             try {
                 xml=new URI((String)xml);
             } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
                 xml=new File((String)xml);
             }
         }
         if (xml instanceof File) {
             File file = (File) xml;
             return new StreamResult(file);
         }
         if (xml instanceof URI) {
             URI uri = (URI) xml;
             xml=uri.toURL();
         }
         if (xml instanceof URL) {
             URL url = (URL) xml;
             URLConnection con = url.openConnection();
             con.setDoOutput(true);
             con.setDoInput(false);
             con.connect();
             return new StreamResult(con.getOutputStream());
         }
         if (xml instanceof OutputStream) {
             OutputStream os = (OutputStream) xml;
             return new StreamResult(os);
         }
         if (xml instanceof Writer) {
             Writer w = (Writer)xml;
             return new StreamResult(w);
         }
         if (xml instanceof Result) {
             return (Result) xml;
         }
         throw new IllegalArgumentException("I don't understand how to handle "+xml.getClass());
     }

 }
	/*
	* Copyright (c) 2006, 2021 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
	*
	* This program and the accompanying materials are made available under the
	* terms of the Eclipse Distribution License v. 1.0, which is available at
	* http://www.eclipse.org/org/documents/edl-v10.php.
	*
	* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
	*/

	package jakarta.xml.bind;

	import jakarta.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
	import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
	import javax.xml.transform.Result;
	import javax.xml.transform.Source;
	import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
	import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
	import java.io.File;
	import java.io.IOException;
	import java.io.InputStream;
	import java.io.OutputStream;
	import java.io.Reader;
	import java.io.Writer;
	import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
	import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
	import java.net.URI;
	import java.net.URISyntaxException;
	import java.net.URL;
	import java.net.URLConnection;

	/**
	* Class that defines convenience methods for common, simple use of Jakarta XML Binding.
	*
	* <p>
	* Methods defined in this class are convenience methods that combine several basic operations
	* in the {@link JAXBContext}, {@link Unmarshaller}, and {@link Marshaller}.
	*
	* They are designed
	* to be the prefered methods for developers new to Jakarta XML Binding. They have
	* the following characterstics:
	*
	* <ol>
	* <li>Generally speaking, the performance is not necessarily optimal.
	* It is expected that people who need to write performance
	* critical code will use the rest of the Jakarta XML Binding API directly.
	* <li>Errors that happen during the processing is wrapped into
	* {@link DataBindingException} (which will have {@link JAXBException}
	* as its {@link Throwable#getCause() cause}. It is expected that
	* people who prefer the checked exception would use
	* the rest of the Jakarta XML Binding API directly.
	* </ol>
	*
	* <p>
	* In addition, the {@code unmarshal} methods have the following characteristic:
	*
	* <ol>
	* <li>Schema validation is not performed on the input XML.
	* The processing will try to continue even if there
	* are errors in the XML, as much as possible. Only as
	* the last resort, this method fails with {@link DataBindingException}.
	* </ol>
	*
	* <p>
	* Similarly, the {@code marshal} methods have the following characteristic:
	* <ol>
	* <li>The processing will try to continue even if the Java object tree
	* does not meet the validity requirement. Only as
	* the last resort, this method fails with {@link DataBindingException}.
	* </ol>
	*
	*
	* <p>
	* All the methods on this class require non-null arguments to all parameters.
	* The {@code unmarshal} methods either fail with an exception or return
	* a non-null value.
	*
	* @author Kohsuke Kawaguchi
	* @since 1.6, JAXB 2.1
	*/
	public final class JAXB {
	/**
	* No instantiation is allowed.
	*/
	private JAXB() {}

	/**
	* To improve the performance, we'll cache the last {@link JAXBContext} used.
	*/
	private static final class Cache {
	final Class<?> type;
	final JAXBContext context;

	public Cache(Class<?> type) throws JAXBException {
	this.type = type;
	this.context = JAXBContext.newInstance(type);
	}
	}

	/**
	* Cache. We don't want to prevent the {@link Cache#type} from GC-ed,
	* hence {@link WeakReference}.
	*/
	private static volatile WeakReference<Cache> cache;

	/**
	* Obtains the {@link JAXBContext} from the given type,
	* by using the cache if possible.
	*
	* <p>
	* We don't use locks to control access to {@link #cache}, but this code
	* should be thread-safe thanks to the immutable {@link Cache} and {@code volatile}.
	*/
	private static <T> JAXBContext getContext(Class<T> type) throws JAXBException {
	WeakReference<Cache> c = cache;
	if(c!=null) {
	Cache d = c.get();
	if(d!=null && d.type==type)
	return d.context;
	}

	// overwrite the cache
	Cache d = new Cache(type);
	cache = new WeakReference<>(d);

	return d.context;
	}

	/**
	* Reads in a Java object tree from the given XML input.
	*
	* @param xml
	* Reads the entire file as XML.
	*/
	public static <T> T unmarshal( File xml, Class<T> type ) {
	try {
	JAXBElement<T> item = getContext(type).createUnmarshaller().unmarshal(new StreamSource(xml), type);
	return item.getValue();
	} catch (JAXBException e) {
	throw new DataBindingException(e);
	}
	}

	/**
	* Reads in a Java object tree from the given XML input.
	*
	* @param xml
	* The resource pointed by the URL is read in its entirety.
	*/
	public static <T> T unmarshal( URL xml, Class<T> type ) {
	try {
	JAXBElement<T> item = getContext(type).createUnmarshaller().unmarshal(toSource(xml), type);
	return item.getValue();
	} catch (JAXBException \| IOException e) {
	throw new DataBindingException(e);
	}
	}

	/**
	* Reads in a Java object tree from the given XML input.
	*
	* @param xml
	* The URI is {@link URI#toURL() turned into URL} and then
	* follows the handling of {@code URL}.
	*/
	public static <T> T unmarshal( URI xml, Class<T> type ) {
	try {
	JAXBElement<T> item = getContext(type).createUnmarshaller().unmarshal(toSource(xml), type);
	return item.getValue();
	} catch (JAXBException \| IOException e) {
	throw new DataBindingException(e);
	}
	}

	/**
	* Reads in a Java object tree from the given XML input.
	*
	* @param xml
	* The string is first interpreted as an absolute {@code URI}.
	* If it's not {@link URI#isAbsolute() a valid absolute URI},
	* then it's interpreted as a {@code File}
	*/
	public static <T> T unmarshal( String xml, Class<T> type ) {
	try {
	JAXBElement<T> item = getContext(type).createUnmarshaller().unmarshal(toSource(xml), type);
	return item.getValue();
	} catch (JAXBException \| IOException e) {
	throw new DataBindingException(e);
	}
	}

	/**
	* Reads in a Java object tree from the given XML input.
	*
	* @param xml
	* The entire stream is read as an XML infoset.
	* Upon a successful completion, the stream will be closed by this method.
	*/
	public static <T> T unmarshal( InputStream xml, Class<T> type ) {
	try {
	JAXBElement<T> item = getContext(type).createUnmarshaller().unmarshal(toSource(xml), type);
	return item.getValue();
	} catch (JAXBException \| IOException e) {
	throw new DataBindingException(e);
	}
	}

	/**
	* Reads in a Java object tree from the given XML input.
	*
	* @param xml
	* The character stream is read as an XML infoset.
	* The encoding declaration in the XML will be ignored.
	* Upon a successful completion, the stream will be closed by this method.
	*/
	public static <T> T unmarshal( Reader xml, Class<T> type ) {
	try {
	JAXBElement<T> item = getContext(type).createUnmarshaller().unmarshal(toSource(xml), type);
	return item.getValue();
	} catch (JAXBException \| IOException e) {
	throw new DataBindingException(e);
	}
	}

	/**
	* Reads in a Java object tree from the given XML input.
	*
	* @param xml
	* The XML infoset that the {@link Source} represents is read.
	*/
	public static <T> T unmarshal( Source xml, Class<T> type ) {
	try {
	JAXBElement<T> item = getContext(type).createUnmarshaller().unmarshal(toSource(xml), type);
	return item.getValue();
	} catch (JAXBException \| IOException e) {
	throw new DataBindingException(e);
	}
	}



	/**
	* Creates {@link Source} from various XML representation.
	* See {@link #unmarshal} for the conversion rules.
	*/
	private static Source toSource(Object xml) throws IOException {
	if(xml==null)
	throw new IllegalArgumentException("no XML is given");

	if (xml instanceof String) {
	try {
	xml=new URI((String)xml);
	} catch (URISyntaxException e) {
	xml=new File((String)xml);
	}
	}
	if (xml instanceof File) {
	File file = (File) xml;
	return new StreamSource(file);
	}
	if (xml instanceof URI) {
	URI uri = (URI) xml;
	xml=uri.toURL();
	}
	if (xml instanceof URL) {
	URL url = (URL) xml;
	return new StreamSource(url.toExternalForm());
	}
	if (xml instanceof InputStream) {
	InputStream in = (InputStream) xml;
	return new StreamSource(in);
	}
	if (xml instanceof Reader) {
	Reader r = (Reader) xml;
	return new StreamSource(r);
	}
	if (xml instanceof Source) {
	return (Source) xml;
	}
	throw new IllegalArgumentException("I don't understand how to handle "+xml.getClass());
	}

	/**
	* Writes a Java object tree to XML and store it to the specified location.
	*
	* @param jaxbObject
	* The Java object to be marshalled into XML. If this object is
	* a {@link JAXBElement}, it will provide the root tag name and
	* the body. If this object has {@link XmlRootElement}
	* on its class definition, that will be used as the root tag name
	* and the given object will provide the body. Otherwise,
	* the root tag name is inferred from
	* {@link Class#getSimpleName() the short class name}.
	* This parameter must not be null.
	*
	* @param xml
	* XML will be written to this file. If it already exists,
	* it will be overwritten.
	*
	* @throws DataBindingException
	* If the operation fails, such as due to I/O error, unbindable classes.
	*/
	public static void marshal( Object jaxbObject, File xml ) {
	_marshal(jaxbObject,xml);
	}

	/**
	* Writes a Java object tree to XML and store it to the specified location.
	*
	* @param jaxbObject
	* The Java object to be marshalled into XML. If this object is
	* a {@link JAXBElement}, it will provide the root tag name and
	* the body. If this object has {@link XmlRootElement}
	* on its class definition, that will be used as the root tag name
	* and the given object will provide the body. Otherwise,
	* the root tag name is inferred from
	* {@link Class#getSimpleName() the short class name}.
	* This parameter must not be null.
	*
	* @param xml
	* The XML will be {@link URLConnection#getOutputStream() sent} to the
	* resource pointed by this URL. Note that not all {@code URL}s support
	* such operation, and exact semantics depends on the {@code URL}
	* implementations. In case of {@link HttpURLConnection HTTP URLs},
	* this will perform HTTP POST.
	*
	* @throws DataBindingException
	* If the operation fails, such as due to I/O error, unbindable classes.
	*/
	public static void marshal( Object jaxbObject, URL xml ) {
	_marshal(jaxbObject,xml);
	}

	/**
	* Writes a Java object tree to XML and store it to the specified location.
	*
	* @param jaxbObject
	* The Java object to be marshalled into XML. If this object is
	* a {@link JAXBElement}, it will provide the root tag name and
	* the body. If this object has {@link XmlRootElement}
	* on its class definition, that will be used as the root tag name
	* and the given object will provide the body. Otherwise,
	* the root tag name is inferred from
	* {@link Class#getSimpleName() the short class name}.
	* This parameter must not be null.
	*
	* @param xml
	* The URI is {@link URI#toURL() turned into URL} and then
	* follows the handling of {@code URL}. See above.
	*
	* @throws DataBindingException
	* If the operation fails, such as due to I/O error, unbindable classes.
	*/
	public static void marshal( Object jaxbObject, URI xml ) {
	_marshal(jaxbObject,xml);
	}

	/**
	* Writes a Java object tree to XML and store it to the specified location.
	*
	* @param jaxbObject
	* The Java object to be marshalled into XML. If this object is
	* a {@link JAXBElement}, it will provide the root tag name and
	* the body. If this object has {@link XmlRootElement}
	* on its class definition, that will be used as the root tag name
	* and the given object will provide the body. Otherwise,
	* the root tag name is inferred from
	* {@link Class#getSimpleName() the short class name}.
	* This parameter must not be null.
	*
	* @param xml
	* The string is first interpreted as an absolute {@code URI}.
	* If it's not {@link URI#isAbsolute() a valid absolute URI},
	* then it's interpreted as a {@code File}
	*
	* @throws DataBindingException
	* If the operation fails, such as due to I/O error, unbindable classes.
	*/
	public static void marshal( Object jaxbObject, String xml ) {
	_marshal(jaxbObject,xml);
	}

	/**
	* Writes a Java object tree to XML and store it to the specified location.
	*
	* @param jaxbObject
	* The Java object to be marshalled into XML. If this object is
	* a {@link JAXBElement}, it will provide the root tag name and
	* the body. If this object has {@link XmlRootElement}
	* on its class definition, that will be used as the root tag name
	* and the given object will provide the body. Otherwise,
	* the root tag name is inferred from
	* {@link Class#getSimpleName() the short class name}.
	* This parameter must not be null.
	*
	* @param xml
	* The XML will be sent to the given {@link OutputStream}.
	* Upon a successful completion, the stream will be closed by this method.
	*
	* @throws DataBindingException
	* If the operation fails, such as due to I/O error, unbindable classes.
	*/
	public static void marshal( Object jaxbObject, OutputStream xml ) {
	_marshal(jaxbObject,xml);
	}

	/**
	* Writes a Java object tree to XML and store it to the specified location.
	*
	* @param jaxbObject
	* The Java object to be marshalled into XML. If this object is
	* a {@link JAXBElement}, it will provide the root tag name and
	* the body. If this object has {@link XmlRootElement}
	* on its class definition, that will be used as the root tag name
	* and the given object will provide the body. Otherwise,
	* the root tag name is inferred from
	* {@link Class#getSimpleName() the short class name}.
	* This parameter must not be null.
	*
	* @param xml
	* The XML will be sent as a character stream to the given {@link Writer}.
	* Upon a successful completion, the stream will be closed by this method.
	*
	* @throws DataBindingException
	* If the operation fails, such as due to I/O error, unbindable classes.
	*/
	public static void marshal( Object jaxbObject, Writer xml ) {
	_marshal(jaxbObject,xml);
	}

	/**
	* Writes a Java object tree to XML and store it to the specified location.
	*
	* @param jaxbObject
	* The Java object to be marshalled into XML. If this object is
	* a {@link JAXBElement}, it will provide the root tag name and
	* the body. If this object has {@link XmlRootElement}
	* on its class definition, that will be used as the root tag name
	* and the given object will provide the body. Otherwise,
	* the root tag name is inferred from
	* {@link Class#getSimpleName() the short class name}.
	* This parameter must not be null.
	*
	* @param xml
	* The XML will be sent to the {@link Result} object.
	*
	* @throws DataBindingException
	* If the operation fails, such as due to I/O error, unbindable classes.
	*/
	public static void marshal( Object jaxbObject, Result xml ) {
	_marshal(jaxbObject,xml);
	}

	/**
	* Writes a Java object tree to XML and store it to the specified location.
	*
	* <p>
	* This method is a convenience method that combines several basic operations
	* in the {@link JAXBContext} and {@link Marshaller}. This method is designed
	* to be the prefered method for developers new to Jakarta XML Binding. This method
	* has the following characterstics:
	*
	* <ol>
	* <li>Generally speaking, the performance is not necessarily optimal.
	* It is expected that those people who need to write performance
	* critical code will use the rest of the Jakarta XML Binding API directly.
	* <li>Errors that happen during the processing is wrapped into
	* {@link DataBindingException} (which will have {@link JAXBException}
	* as its {@link Throwable#getCause() cause}. It is expected that
	* those people who prefer the checked exception would use
	* the rest of the Jakarta XML Binding API directly.
	* </ol>
	*
	* @param jaxbObject
	* The Java object to be marshalled into XML. If this object is
	* a {@link JAXBElement}, it will provide the root tag name and
	* the body. If this object has {@link XmlRootElement}
	* on its class definition, that will be used as the root tag name
	* and the given object will provide the body. Otherwise,
	* the root tag name is inferred from
	* {@link Class#getSimpleName() the short class name}.
	* This parameter must not be null.
	*
	* @param xml
	* Represents the receiver of XML. Objects of the following types are allowed.
	*
	* <table>
	* <caption>Allowed Objects</caption>
	* <tr>
	* <th>Type</th>
	* <th>Operation</th>
	* </tr><tr>
	* <td>{@link File}</td>
	* <td>XML will be written to this file. If it already exists,
	* it will be overwritten.</td>
	* </tr><tr>
	* <td>{@link URL}</td>
	* <td>The XML will be {@link URLConnection#getOutputStream() sent} to the
	* resource pointed by this URL. Note that not all {@code URL}s support
	* such operation, and exact semantics depends on the {@code URL}
	* implementations. In case of {@link HttpURLConnection HTTP URLs},
	* this will perform HTTP POST.</td>
	* </tr><tr>
	* <td>{@link URI}</td>
	* <td>The URI is {@link URI#toURL() turned into URL} and then
	* follows the handling of {@code URL}. See above.</td>
	* </tr><tr>
	* <td>{@link String}</td>
	* <td>The string is first interpreted as an absolute {@code URI}.
	* If it's not {@link URI#isAbsolute() a valid absolute URI},
	* then it's interpreted as a {@code File}</td>
	* </tr><tr>
	* <td>{@link OutputStream}</td>
	* <td>The XML will be sent to the given {@link OutputStream}.
	* Upon a successful completion, the stream will be closed by this method.</td>
	* </tr><tr>
	* <td>{@link Writer}</td>
	* <td>The XML will be sent as a character stream to the given {@link Writer}.
	* Upon a successful completion, the stream will be closed by this method.</td>
	* </tr><tr>
	* <td>{@link Result}</td>
	* <td>The XML will be sent to the {@link Result} object.</td>
	* </tr></table>
	*
	* @throws DataBindingException
	* If the operation fails, such as due to I/O error, unbindable classes.
	*/
	@SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes", "unchecked"})
	private static void _marshal( Object jaxbObject, Object xml ) {
	try {
	JAXBContext context;

	if(jaxbObject instanceof JAXBElement) {
	context = getContext(((JAXBElement<?>)jaxbObject).getDeclaredType());
	} else {
	Class<?> clazz = jaxbObject.getClass();
	XmlRootElement r = clazz.getAnnotation(XmlRootElement.class);
	context = getContext(clazz);
	if(r==null) {
	// we need to infer the name
	jaxbObject = new JAXBElement(new QName(inferName(clazz)),clazz,jaxbObject);
	}
	}

	Marshaller m = context.createMarshaller();
	m.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT,true);
	m.marshal(jaxbObject, toResult(xml));
	} catch (JAXBException \| IOException e) {
	throw new DataBindingException(e);
	}
	}

	private static String inferName(Class<?> clazz) {
	// XXX - behaviour of this method must be same as of Introspector.decapitalize
	// which is not used to avoid dependency on java.desktop
	String simpleName = clazz.getSimpleName();
	if (simpleName.isEmpty()) {
	return simpleName;
	}
	if (simpleName.length() > 1 && Character.isUpperCase(simpleName.charAt(1))
	&& Character.isUpperCase(simpleName.charAt(0))) {
	return simpleName;
	}
	char[] chars = simpleName.toCharArray();
	chars[0] = Character.toLowerCase(chars[0]);
	return new String(chars);
	}

	/**
	* Creates {@link Result} from various XML representation.
	* See {@link #_marshal(Object,Object)} for the conversion rules.
	*/
	private static Result toResult(Object xml) throws IOException {
	if(xml==null)
	throw new IllegalArgumentException("no XML is given");

	if (xml instanceof String) {
	try {
	xml=new URI((String)xml);
	} catch (URISyntaxException e) {
	xml=new File((String)xml);
	}
	}
	if (xml instanceof File) {
	File file = (File) xml;
	return new StreamResult(file);
	}
	if (xml instanceof URI) {
	URI uri = (URI) xml;
	xml=uri.toURL();
	}
	if (xml instanceof URL) {
	URL url = (URL) xml;
	URLConnection con = url.openConnection();
	con.setDoOutput(true);
	con.setDoInput(false);
	con.connect();
	return new StreamResult(con.getOutputStream());
	}
	if (xml instanceof OutputStream) {
	OutputStream os = (OutputStream) xml;
	return new StreamResult(os);
	}
	if (xml instanceof Writer) {
	Writer w = (Writer)xml;
	return new StreamResult(w);
	}
	if (xml instanceof Result) {
	return (Result) xml;
	}
	throw new IllegalArgumentException("I don't understand how to handle "+xml.getClass());
	}

	}