mingw/gettext/gettext-tools/man/help2man - kiwivm - Git at Google

 #!/usr/bin/perl -w

 # Generate a short man page from --help and --version output.
 # Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2009,
 # 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 # the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
 # any later version.

 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 # GNU General Public License for more details.

 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

 # Written by Brendan O'Dea <bod@debian.org>
 # Available from ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/help2man/

 use 5.008;
 use strict;
 use Getopt::Long;
 use Text::ParseWords qw(shellwords);
 use Text::Tabs qw(expand);
 use POSIX qw(strftime setlocale LC_ALL);
 use Locale::gettext qw(gettext);
 use Encode qw(decode encode);
 use I18N::Langinfo qw(langinfo CODESET);

 my $this_program = 'help2man';
 my $this_version = '1.47.6';
 my $encoding;

 {
     my $gettext = Locale::gettext->domain($this_program);
     sub _ { $gettext->get($_[0]) }

     my ($user_locale) = grep defined && length,
 	(map $ENV{$_}, qw(LANGUAGE LC_ALL LC_MESSAGES LANG)), 'C';

     my $user_encoding = langinfo CODESET;

     # Set localisation of date and executable's output.
     sub configure_locale
     {
 	delete @ENV{qw(LANGUAGE LC_MESSAGES LANG)};
 	setlocale LC_ALL, $ENV{LC_ALL} = shift || 'C';
 	$encoding = langinfo CODESET;
     }

     sub dec { $encoding ? decode $encoding, $_[0] : $_[0] }
     sub enc { $encoding ? encode $encoding, $_[0] : $_[0] }
     sub enc_user { encode $user_encoding, $_[0] }
     sub kark # die with message formatted in the invoking user's locale
     {
 	setlocale LC_ALL, $user_locale;
 	my $fmt = $gettext->get(shift);
 	my $errmsg = enc_user sprintf $fmt, @_;
 	die $errmsg, "\n";
     }
 }

 sub N_ { $_[0] }

 sub program_basename;
 sub get_option_value;
 sub convert_option;
 sub fix_italic_spacing;

 my $version_info = enc_user sprintf _(<<'EOT'), $this_program, $this_version;
 GNU %s %s

 Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2009, 2010,
 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
 warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

 Written by Brendan O'Dea <bod@debian.org>
 EOT

 my $help_info = enc_user sprintf _(<<'EOT'), $this_program, $this_program;
 `%s' generates a man page out of `--help' and `--version' output.

 Usage: %s [OPTION]... EXECUTABLE

  -n, --name=STRING       description for the NAME paragraph
  -s, --section=SECTION   section number for manual page (1, 6, 8)
  -m, --manual=TEXT       name of manual (User Commands, ...)
  -S, --source=TEXT       source of program (FSF, Debian, ...)
  -L, --locale=STRING     select locale (default "C")
  -i, --include=FILE      include material from `FILE'
  -I, --opt-include=FILE  include material from `FILE' if it exists
  -o, --output=FILE       send output to `FILE'
  -p, --info-page=TEXT    name of Texinfo manual
  -N, --no-info           suppress pointer to Texinfo manual
  -l, --libtool           exclude the `lt-' from the program name
      --help              print this help, then exit
      --version           print version number, then exit

 EXECUTABLE should accept `--help' and `--version' options and produce output on
 stdout although alternatives may be specified using:

  -h, --help-option=STRING     help option string
  -v, --version-option=STRING  version option string
  --version-string=STRING      version string
  --no-discard-stderr          include stderr when parsing option output

 Report bugs to <bug-help2man@gnu.org>.
 EOT

 my $section = 1;
 my $manual = '';
 my $source = '';
 my $help_option = '--help';
 my $version_option = '--version';
 my $discard_stderr = 1;
 my ($opt_name, @opt_include, $opt_output, $opt_info, $opt_no_info, $opt_libtool,
     $version_text);

 my %opt_def = (
     'n|name=s'		 => \$opt_name,
     's|section=s'	 => \$section,
     'm|manual=s'	 => \$manual,
     'S|source=s'	 => \$source,
     'L|locale=s'	 => sub { configure_locale pop },
     'i|include=s'	 => sub { push @opt_include, [ pop, 1 ] },
     'I|opt-include=s'	 => sub { push @opt_include, [ pop, 0 ] },
     'o|output=s'	 => \$opt_output,
     'p|info-page=s'	 => \$opt_info,
     'N|no-info'		 => \$opt_no_info,
     'l|libtool'		 => \$opt_libtool,
     'help'		 => sub { print $help_info; exit },
     'version'		 => sub { print $version_info; exit },
     'h|help-option=s'	 => \$help_option,
     'v|version-option=s' => \$version_option,
     'version-string=s'	 => \$version_text,
     'discard-stderr!'	 => \$discard_stderr,
 );

 # Parse options.
 Getopt::Long::config('bundling');
 die $help_info unless GetOptions %opt_def and @ARGV == 1;

 configure_locale unless $encoding;

 my %include = ();
 my %replace = ();
 my %append = ();
 my %append_match = ();
 my @sections = ();  # retain order of include file or in-line *section*s

 # Process include file (if given).  Format is:
 #
 #   Optional initial text, ignored.  May include lines starting with `-'
 #   which are processed as options.
 #
 #   [section]
 #   Verbatim text to be included in the named section.  By default at
 #   the start, but in the case of `name' and `synopsis' the content
 #   will replace the autogenerated contents.
 #
 #   [<section]
 #   Verbatim text to be inserted at the start of the named section.
 #
 #   [=section]
 #   Verbatim text to replace the named section.
 #
 #   [>section]
 #   Verbatim text to be appended to the end of the named section.
 #
 #   /pattern/
 #   Verbatim text for inclusion below a paragraph matching `pattern'.
 #

 while (@opt_include)
 {
     my ($inc, $required) = @{shift @opt_include};

     next unless -f $inc or $required;
     kark N_("%s: can't open `%s' (%s)"), $this_program, $inc, $!
 	unless open INC, $inc;

     my $key;
     my $hash;

     while (<INC>)
     {
 	# Convert input to internal Perl format, so that multibyte
 	# sequences are treated as single characters.
 	$_ = dec $_;

 	# [section]
 	if (/^\[([^]]+)\]\s*$/)
 	{
 	    $key = uc $1;
 	    $key =~ s/^\s+//;
 	    $key =~ s/\s+$//;
 	    $hash = \%include;
 	    # Handle explicit [<section], [=section] and [>section]
 	    if ($key =~ s/^([<>=])\s*//)
 	    {
 		if    ($1 eq '>') { $hash = \%append; }
 		elsif ($1 eq '=') { $hash = \%replace; }
 	    }
 	    # NAME/SYNOPSIS replace by default
 	    elsif ($key eq _('NAME') or $key eq _('SYNOPSIS'))
 	    {
 		$hash = \%replace;
 	    }
 	    else
 	    {
 		$hash = \%include;
 	    }

 	    push @sections, $key;
 	    next;
 	}

 	# /pattern/
 	if (m!^/(.*)/([ims]*)\s*$!)
 	{
 	    my $pat = $2 ? "(?$2)$1" : $1;

 	    # Check pattern.
 	    eval { $key = qr($pat) };
 	    if ($@)
 	    {
 		$@ =~ s/ at .*? line \d.*//;
 		die "$inc:$.:$@";
 	    }

 	    $hash = \%append_match;
 	    next;
 	}

 	# Check for options before the first section--anything else is
 	# silently ignored, allowing the first for comments and
 	# revision info.
 	unless ($key)
 	{
 	    # handle options
 	    if (/^-/)
 	    {
 		local @ARGV = shellwords $_;
 		GetOptions %opt_def;
 	    }

 	    next;
 	}

 	$hash->{$key} .= $_;
     }

     close INC;

     kark N_("%s: no valid information found in `%s'"), $this_program, $inc
 	unless $key;
 }

 # Compress trailing blank lines.
 for my $hash (\(%include, %replace, %append, %append_match))
 {
     for (keys %$hash) { $hash->{$_} =~ s/\n+$/\n/ }
 }

 # Grab help and version info from executable.
 my $help_text   = get_option_value $ARGV[0], $help_option;
 $version_text ||= get_option_value $ARGV[0], $version_option;

 # By default the generated manual pages will include the current date.  This may
 # however be overriden by setting the environment variable $SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH to
 # an integer value of the seconds since the UNIX epoch.  This is primarily
 # intended to support reproducible builds (wiki.debian.org/ReproducibleBuilds)
 # and will additionally ensure that the output date string is UTC.
 my $epoch_secs = time;
 if (exists $ENV{SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH} and $ENV{SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH} =~ /^(\d+)$/)
 {
     $epoch_secs = $1;
     $ENV{TZ} = 'UTC0';
 }

 # Translators: the following message is a strftime(3) format string, which in
 # the English version expands to the month as a word and the full year.  It
 # is used on the footer of the generated manual pages.  If in doubt, you may
 # just use %x as the value (which should be the full locale-specific date).
 my $date = enc strftime _("%B %Y"), localtime $epoch_secs;
 my $program = program_basename $ARGV[0];
 my $package = $program;
 my $version;

 if ($opt_output)
 {
     unlink $opt_output or kark N_("%s: can't unlink %s (%s)"),
 	$this_program, $opt_output, $! if -e $opt_output;

     open STDOUT, ">$opt_output"
 	or kark N_("%s: can't create %s (%s)"), $this_program, $opt_output, $!;
 }

 # The first line of the --version information is assumed to be in one
 # of the following formats:
 #
 #   <version>
 #   <program> <version>
 #   {GNU,Free} <program> <version>
 #   <program> ({GNU,Free} <package>) <version>
 #   <program> - {GNU,Free} <package> <version>
 #
 # and separated from any copyright/author details by a blank line.

 ($_, $version_text) = ((split /\n+/, $version_text, 2), '');

 if (/^(\S+) +\(((?:GNU|Free) +[^)]+)\) +(.*)/ or
     /^(\S+) +- *((?:GNU|Free) +\S+) +(.*)/)
 {
     $program = program_basename $1;
     $package = $2;
     $version = $3;
 }
 elsif (/^((?:GNU|Free) +)?(\S+) +(.*)/)
 {
     $program = program_basename $2;
     $package = $1 ? "$1$program" : $program;
     $version = $3;
 }
 else
 {
     $version = $_;
 }

 # No info for `info' itself.
 $opt_no_info = 1 if $program eq 'info';

 if ($opt_name)
 {
     # --name overrides --include contents.
     $replace{_('NAME')} = "$program \\- $opt_name\n";
 }

 # Translators: "NAME", "SYNOPSIS" and other one or two word strings in all
 # upper case are manual page section headings.  The man(1) manual page in your
 # language, if available should provide the conventional translations.
 for ($replace{_('NAME')} || ($include{_('NAME')} ||= ''))
 {
     if ($_) # Use first name given as $program
     {
 	$program = $1 if /^([^\s,]+)(?:,?\s*[^\s,\\-]+)*\s+\\?-/;
     }
     else # Set a default (useless) NAME paragraph.
     {
 	$_ = sprintf _("%s \\- manual page for %s %s") . "\n", $program,
 	    $program, $version;
     }
 }

 # Man pages traditionally have the page title in caps.
 my $PROGRAM = uc $program;

 # Set default page head/footers
 $source ||= "$package $version";
 unless ($manual)
 {
     for ($section)
     {
 	if (/^(1[Mm]|8)/) { $manual = enc _('System Administration Utilities') }
 	elsif (/^6/)	  { $manual = enc _('Games') }
 	else		  { $manual = enc _('User Commands') }
     }
 }

 # Extract usage clause(s) [if any] for SYNOPSIS.
 # Translators: "Usage" and "or" here are patterns (regular expressions) which
 # are used to match the usage synopsis in program output.  An example from cp
 # (GNU coreutils) which contains both strings:
 #  Usage: cp [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
 #    or:  cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
 #    or:  cp [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...
 my $PAT_USAGE = _('Usage');
 my $PAT_USAGE_CONT = _('or');
 if ($help_text =~ s/^($PAT_USAGE):( +(\S+))(.*)((?:\n(?: {6}\1| *($PAT_USAGE_CONT): +\S).*)*)//om)
 {
     my @syn = $3 . $4;

     if ($_ = $5)
     {
 	s/^\n//;
 	for (split /\n/) { s/^ *(($PAT_USAGE_CONT): +)?//o; push @syn, $_ }
     }

     my $synopsis = '';
     for (@syn)
     {
 	$synopsis .= ".br\n" if $synopsis;
 	s!^\S*/!!;
 	s/^lt-// if $opt_libtool;
 	s/^(\S+) *//;
 	$synopsis .= ".B $1\n";
 	s/\s+$//;
 	s/(([][]|\.\.+)+)/\\fR$1\\fI/g;
 	s/^/\\fI/ unless s/^\\fR//;
 	$_ .= '\fR';
 	s/(\\fI)( *)/$2$1/g;
 	s/\\fI\\fR//g;
 	s/^\\fR//;
 	s/\\fI$//;
 	s/^\./\\&./;

 	$_ = fix_italic_spacing $_;
 	$synopsis .= "$_\n";
     }

     $include{_('SYNOPSIS')} .= $synopsis;
 }

 # Process text, initial section is DESCRIPTION.
 my $sect = _('DESCRIPTION');
 $_ = "$help_text\n\n$version_text";

 # Normalise paragraph breaks.
 s/^\n+//;
 s/\n*$/\n/;
 s/\n\n+/\n\n/g;

 # Join hyphenated lines.
 s/([A-Za-z])-\n *([A-Za-z])/$1$2/g;

 # Temporarily exchange leading dots, apostrophes and backslashes for
 # tokens.
 s/^\./\x80/mg;
 s/^'/\x81/mg;
 s/\\/\x82/g;

 # Translators: patterns are used to match common program output. In the source
 # these strings are all of the form of "my $PAT_something = _('...');" and are
 # regular expressions.  If there is more than one commonly used string, you
 # may separate alternatives with "|".  Spaces in these expressions are written
 # as " +" to indicate that more than one space may be matched.  The string
 # "(?:[\\w-]+ +)?" in the bug reporting pattern is used to indicate an
 # optional word, so that either "Report bugs" or "Report _program_ bugs" will
 # be matched.
 my $PAT_BUGS          = _('Report +(?:[\w-]+ +)?bugs|Email +bug +reports +to');
 my $PAT_AUTHOR        = _('Written +by');
 my $PAT_OPTIONS       = _('Options');
 my $PAT_ENVIRONMENT   = _('Environment');
 my $PAT_FILES         = _('Files');
 my $PAT_EXAMPLES      = _('Examples');
 my $PAT_FREE_SOFTWARE = _('This +is +free +software');

 # Start a new paragraph (if required) for these.
 s/([^\n])\n($PAT_BUGS|$PAT_AUTHOR) /$1\n\n$2 /og;

 # Convert iso-8859-1 copyright symbol or (c) to nroff
 # character.
 s/^Copyright +(?:\xa9|\([Cc]\))/Copyright \\(co/mg;

 while (length)
 {
     # Convert some standard paragraph names.
     if (s/^($PAT_OPTIONS): *\n+//o)
     {
 	$sect = _('OPTIONS');
 	next;
     }
     if (s/^($PAT_ENVIRONMENT): *\n+//o)
     {
 	$sect = _('ENVIRONMENT');
 	next;
     }
     if (s/^($PAT_FILES): *\n+//o)
     {
 	$sect = _('FILES');
 	next;
     }
     elsif (s/^($PAT_EXAMPLES): *\n+//o)
     {
 	$sect = _('EXAMPLES');
 	next;
     }

     # Custom section indicated by a line containing "*Section Name*".
     if (s/^\*(\w(.*\w)?)\* *\n+//)
     {
 	$sect = uc $1;
 	$sect =~ tr/*/ /;  # also accept *Section*Name*
 	push @sections, $sect;
 	next;
     }

     # Copyright section.
     if (/^Copyright /)
     {
 	$sect = _('COPYRIGHT');
     }

     # Bug reporting section.
     elsif (/^($PAT_BUGS) /o)
     {
 	$sect = _('REPORTING BUGS');
     }

     # Author section.
     elsif (/^($PAT_AUTHOR)/o)
     {
 	$sect = _('AUTHOR');
     }

     # Examples, indicated by an indented leading $, % or > are
     # rendered in a constant width font.
     if (/^( +)([\$\%>] )\S/)
     {
 	my $indent = $1;
 	my $prefix = $2;
 	my $break = '.IP';
 	while (s/^$indent\Q$prefix\E(\S.*)\n*//)
 	{
 	    $include{$sect} .= "$break\n\\f(CW$prefix$1\\fR\n";
 	    $break = '.br';
 	}

 	next;
     }

     my $matched = '';

     # Sub-sections have a trailing colon and the second line indented.
     if (s/^(\S.*:) *\n / /)
     {
 	$matched .= $& if %append_match;
 	$include{$sect} .= qq(.SS "$1"\n);
     }

     my $indent = 0;
     my $content = '';

     # Option with description.
     if (s/^( {1,10}([+-]\S.*?))(?:(  +(?!-))|\n( {20,}))(\S.*)\n//)
     {
 	$matched .= $& if %append_match;
 	$indent = length ($4 || "$1$3");
 	$content = ".TP\n\x84$2\n\x84$5\n";
 	unless ($4)
 	{
 	    # Indent may be different on second line.
 	    $indent = length $& if /^ {20,}/;
 	}
     }

     # Option without description.
     elsif (s/^ {1,10}([+-]\S.*)\n//)
     {
 	$matched .= $& if %append_match;
 	$content = ".HP\n\x84$1\n";
 	$indent = 80; # not continued
     }

     # Indented paragraph with tag.
     elsif (s/^( +(\S.*?))(?:(  +)|\n( {20,}))(\S.*)\n//)
     {
 	$matched .= $& if %append_match;
 	$indent = length ($4 || "$1$3");
 	$content = ".TP\n\x84$2\n\x84$5\n";
     }

     # Indented paragraph.
     elsif (s/^( +)(\S.*)\n//)
     {
 	$matched .= $& if %append_match;
 	$indent = length $1;
 	$content = ".IP\n\x84$2\n";
     }

     # Left justified paragraph.
     else
     {
 	s/(.*)\n//;
 	$matched .= $& if %append_match;
 	$content = ".PP\n" if $include{$sect};
 	$content .= "$1\n";
     }

     # Append continuations.
     while ($indent ? s/^ {$indent}(\S.*)\n// : s/^(\S.*)\n//)
     {
 	$matched .= $& if %append_match;
 	$content .= "\x84$1\n";
     }

     # Move to next paragraph.
     s/^\n+//;

     for ($content)
     {
 	# Leading dot and apostrophe protection.
 	s/\x84\./\x80/g;
 	s/\x84'/\x81/g;
 	s/\x84//g;

 	# Examples should be verbatim.
 	unless ($sect eq _('EXAMPLES'))
 	{
 	    # Convert options.
 	    s/(^|[ (])(-[][\w=-]+)/$1 . convert_option $2/mge;

 	    # Italicise filenames: /a/b, $VAR/c/d, ~/e/f
 	    s!
 		(^|[ (])			# space/punctuation before
 		(
 		    (?:\$\w+|~)?		# leading variable, or tilde
 		    (?:/\w(?:[\w.-]*\w)?)+	# path components
 		)
 		($|[ ,;.)])			# space/punctuation after
 	    !$1\\fI$2\\fP$3!xmg;

 	    $_ = fix_italic_spacing $_;
 	}

 	# Escape remaining hyphens.
 	s/-/\x83/g;

 	if ($sect eq _('COPYRIGHT'))
 	{
 	    # Insert line breaks before additional copyright messages
 	    # and the disclaimer.
 	    s/\n(Copyright |$PAT_FREE_SOFTWARE)/\n.br\n$1/og;
 	}
 	elsif ($sect eq _('REPORTING BUGS'))
 	{
 	    # Handle multi-line bug reporting sections of the form:
 	    #
 	    #   Report <program> bugs to <addr>
 	    #   GNU <package> home page: <url>
 	    #   ...
 	    s/\n([[:upper:]])/\n.br\n$1/g;
 	}
     }

     # Check if matched paragraph contains /pat/.
     if (%append_match)
     {
 	for my $pat (keys %append_match)
 	{
 	    if ($matched =~ $pat)
 	    {
 		$content .= ".PP\n" unless $append_match{$pat} =~ /^\./;
 		$content .= $append_match{$pat};
 	    }
 	}
     }

     $include{$sect} .= $content;
 }

 # Refer to the real documentation.
 unless ($opt_no_info)
 {
     my $info_page = $opt_info || $program;

     $sect = _('SEE ALSO');
     $include{$sect} .= ".PP\n" if $include{$sect};
     $include{$sect} .= sprintf _(<<'EOT'), $program, $program, $info_page;
 The full documentation for
 .B %s
 is maintained as a Texinfo manual.  If the
 .B info
 and
 .B %s
 programs are properly installed at your site, the command
 .IP
 .B info %s
 .PP
 should give you access to the complete manual.
 EOT
 }

 # Append additional text.
 while (my ($sect, $text) = each %append)
 {
     $include{$sect} .= $append{$sect};
 }

 # Replace sections.
 while (my ($sect, $text) = each %replace)
 {
     $include{$sect} = $replace{$sect};
 }

 # Output header.
 print <<EOT;
 .\\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE!  It was generated by $this_program $this_version.
 .TH $PROGRAM "$section" "$date" "$source" "$manual"
 EOT

 # Section ordering.
 my @pre = (_('NAME'), _('SYNOPSIS'), _('DESCRIPTION'), _('OPTIONS'));
 my @post = (_('ENVIRONMENT'), _('FILES'), _('EXAMPLES'), _('AUTHOR'),
     _('REPORTING BUGS'), _('COPYRIGHT'), _('SEE ALSO'));
 my %filter = map { $_ => 1 } @pre, @post;

 # Output content.
 my %done;
 for my $sect (@pre, (grep !$filter{$_}, @sections), @post)
 {
     next if $done{$sect}++;  # ignore duplicates
     next unless $include{$sect};
     if ($include{$sect})
     {
 	my $quote = $sect =~ /\W/ ? '"' : '';
 	print enc ".SH $quote$sect$quote\n";

 	for ($include{$sect})
 	{
 	    # Replace leading dot, apostrophe, backslash and hyphen
 	    # tokens.
 	    s/\x80/\\&./g;
 	    s/\x81/\\&'/g;
 	    s/\x82/\\e/g;
 	    s/\x83/\\-/g;

 	    # Convert some latin1 chars to troff equivalents
 	    s/\xa0/\\ /g; # non-breaking space

 	    print enc $_;
 	}
     }
 }

 close STDOUT or kark N_("%s: error writing to %s (%s)"), $this_program,
     $opt_output || 'stdout', $!;

 exit;

 # Get program basename, and strip libtool "lt-" prefix if required.
 sub program_basename
 {
     local $_ = shift;
     s!.*/!!;
     s/^lt-// if $opt_libtool;
     $_;
 }

 # Call program with given option and return results.
 sub get_option_value
 {
     my ($prog, $opt) = @_;
     my $stderr = $discard_stderr ? '/dev/null' : '&1';
     my $value = join '',
 	map { s/ +$//; expand $_ }
 	map { dec $_ }
 	`$prog $opt 2>$stderr`;

     unless ($value)
     {
 	my $err = N_("%s: can't get `%s' info from %s%s");
 	my $extra = $discard_stderr
 	    ? "\n" . N_("Try `--no-discard-stderr' if option outputs to stderr")
 	    : '';

 	kark $err, $this_program, $opt, $prog, $extra;
     }

     $value;
 }

 # Convert option dashes to \- to stop nroff from hyphenating 'em, and
 # embolden.  Option arguments get italicised.
 sub convert_option
 {
     local $_ = '\fB' . shift;

     s/-/\x83/g;
     unless (s/\[=(.*)\]$/\\fR[=\\fI$1\\fR]/)
     {
 	s/=(.)/\\fR=\\fI$1/;
 	s/ (.)/ \\fI$1/;
 	$_ .= '\fR';
     }

     $_;
 }

 # Insert spacing escape characters \, and \/ before and after italic text.  See
 # http://www.gnu.org/software/groff/manual/html_node/Ligatures-and-Kerning.html
 sub fix_italic_spacing
 {
     local $_ = shift;
     s!\\fI(.*?)\\f([BRP])!\\fI\\,$1\\/\\f$2!g;
     return $_;
 }
	#!/usr/bin/perl -w

	# Generate a short man page from --help and --version output.
	# Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2009,
	# 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

	# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
	# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
	# the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
	# any later version.

	# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
	# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
	# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
	# GNU General Public License for more details.

	# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
	# along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

	# Written by Brendan O'Dea <bod@debian.org>
	# Available from ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/help2man/

	use 5.008;
	use strict;
	use Getopt::Long;
	use Text::ParseWords qw(shellwords);
	use Text::Tabs qw(expand);
	use POSIX qw(strftime setlocale LC_ALL);
	use Locale::gettext qw(gettext);
	use Encode qw(decode encode);
	use I18N::Langinfo qw(langinfo CODESET);

	my $this_program = 'help2man';
	my $this_version = '1.47.6';
	my $encoding;

	{
	my $gettext = Locale::gettext->domain($this_program);
	sub _ { $gettext->get($_[0]) }

	my ($user_locale) = grep defined && length,
	(map $ENV{$_}, qw(LANGUAGE LC_ALL LC_MESSAGES LANG)), 'C';

	my $user_encoding = langinfo CODESET;

	# Set localisation of date and executable's output.
	sub configure_locale
	{
	delete @ENV{qw(LANGUAGE LC_MESSAGES LANG)};
	setlocale LC_ALL, $ENV{LC_ALL} = shift \|\| 'C';
	$encoding = langinfo CODESET;
	}

	sub dec { $encoding ? decode $encoding, $_[0] : $_[0] }
	sub enc { $encoding ? encode $encoding, $_[0] : $_[0] }
	sub enc_user { encode $user_encoding, $_[0] }
	sub kark # die with message formatted in the invoking user's locale
	{
	setlocale LC_ALL, $user_locale;
	my $fmt = $gettext->get(shift);
	my $errmsg = enc_user sprintf $fmt, @_;
	die $errmsg, "\n";
	}
	}

	sub N_ { $_[0] }

	sub program_basename;
	sub get_option_value;
	sub convert_option;
	sub fix_italic_spacing;

	my $version_info = enc_user sprintf _(<<'EOT'), $this_program, $this_version;
	GNU %s %s

	Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2009, 2010,
	2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
	This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
	warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

	Written by Brendan O'Dea <bod@debian.org>
	EOT

	my $help_info = enc_user sprintf _(<<'EOT'), $this_program, $this_program;
	`%s' generates a man page out of `--help' and `--version' output.

	Usage: %s [OPTION]... EXECUTABLE

	-n, --name=STRING description for the NAME paragraph
	-s, --section=SECTION section number for manual page (1, 6, 8)
	-m, --manual=TEXT name of manual (User Commands, ...)
	-S, --source=TEXT source of program (FSF, Debian, ...)
	-L, --locale=STRING select locale (default "C")
	-i, --include=FILE include material from `FILE'
	-I, --opt-include=FILE include material from `FILE' if it exists
	-o, --output=FILE send output to `FILE'
	-p, --info-page=TEXT name of Texinfo manual
	-N, --no-info suppress pointer to Texinfo manual
	-l, --libtool exclude the `lt-' from the program name
	--help print this help, then exit
	--version print version number, then exit

	EXECUTABLE should accept `--help' and `--version' options and produce output on
	stdout although alternatives may be specified using:

	-h, --help-option=STRING help option string
	-v, --version-option=STRING version option string
	--version-string=STRING version string
	--no-discard-stderr include stderr when parsing option output

	Report bugs to <bug-help2man@gnu.org>.
	EOT

	my $section = 1;
	my $manual = '';
	my $source = '';
	my $help_option = '--help';
	my $version_option = '--version';
	my $discard_stderr = 1;
	my ($opt_name, @opt_include, $opt_output, $opt_info, $opt_no_info, $opt_libtool,
	$version_text);

	my %opt_def = (
	'n\|name=s' => \$opt_name,
	's\|section=s' => \$section,
	'm\|manual=s' => \$manual,
	'S\|source=s' => \$source,
	'L\|locale=s' => sub { configure_locale pop },
	'i\|include=s' => sub { push @opt_include, [ pop, 1 ] },
	'I\|opt-include=s' => sub { push @opt_include, [ pop, 0 ] },
	'o\|output=s' => \$opt_output,
	'p\|info-page=s' => \$opt_info,
	'N\|no-info' => \$opt_no_info,
	'l\|libtool' => \$opt_libtool,
	'help' => sub { print $help_info; exit },
	'version' => sub { print $version_info; exit },
	'h\|help-option=s' => \$help_option,
	'v\|version-option=s' => \$version_option,
	'version-string=s' => \$version_text,
	'discard-stderr!' => \$discard_stderr,
	);

	# Parse options.
	Getopt::Long::config('bundling');
	die $help_info unless GetOptions %opt_def and @ARGV == 1;

	configure_locale unless $encoding;

	my %include = ();
	my %replace = ();
	my %append = ();
	my %append_match = ();
	my @sections = (); # retain order of include file or in-line sections

	# Process include file (if given). Format is:
	#
	# Optional initial text, ignored. May include lines starting with `-'
	# which are processed as options.
	#
	# [section]
	# Verbatim text to be included in the named section. By default at
	# the start, but in the case of `name' and `synopsis' the content
	# will replace the autogenerated contents.
	#
	# [<section]
	# Verbatim text to be inserted at the start of the named section.
	#
	# [=section]
	# Verbatim text to replace the named section.
	#
	# [>section]
	# Verbatim text to be appended to the end of the named section.
	#
	# /pattern/
	# Verbatim text for inclusion below a paragraph matching `pattern'.
	#

	while (@opt_include)
	{
	my ($inc, $required) = @{shift @opt_include};

	next unless -f $inc or $required;
	kark N_("%s: can't open `%s' (%s)"), $this_program, $inc, $!
	unless open INC, $inc;

	my $key;
	my $hash;

	while (<INC>)
	{
	# Convert input to internal Perl format, so that multibyte
	# sequences are treated as single characters.
	$_ = dec $_;

	# [section]
	if (/^\[([^]]+)\]\s*$/)
	{
	$key = uc $1;
	$key =~ s/^\s+//;
	$key =~ s/\s+$//;
	$hash = \%include;
	# Handle explicit [<section], [=section] and [>section]
	if ($key =~ s/^([<>=])\s*//)
	{
	if ($1 eq '>') { $hash = \%append; }
	elsif ($1 eq '=') { $hash = \%replace; }
	}
	# NAME/SYNOPSIS replace by default
	elsif ($key eq _('NAME') or $key eq _('SYNOPSIS'))
	{
	$hash = \%replace;
	}
	else
	{
	$hash = \%include;
	}

	push @sections, $key;
	next;
	}

	# /pattern/
	if (m!^/(.)/([ims])\s*$!)
	{
	my $pat = $2 ? "(?$2)$1" : $1;

	# Check pattern.
	eval { $key = qr($pat) };
	if ($@)
	{
	$@ =~ s/ at .? line \d.//;
	die "$inc:$.:$@";
	}

	$hash = \%append_match;
	next;
	}

	# Check for options before the first section--anything else is
	# silently ignored, allowing the first for comments and
	# revision info.
	unless ($key)
	{
	# handle options
	if (/^-/)
	{
	local @ARGV = shellwords $_;
	GetOptions %opt_def;
	}

	next;
	}

	$hash->{$key} .= $_;
	}

	close INC;

	kark N_("%s: no valid information found in `%s'"), $this_program, $inc
	unless $key;
	}

	# Compress trailing blank lines.
	for my $hash (\(%include, %replace, %append, %append_match))
	{
	for (keys %$hash) { $hash->{$_} =~ s/\n+$/\n/ }
	}

	# Grab help and version info from executable.
	my $help_text = get_option_value $ARGV[0], $help_option;
	$version_text \|\|= get_option_value $ARGV[0], $version_option;

	# By default the generated manual pages will include the current date. This may
	# however be overriden by setting the environment variable $SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH to
	# an integer value of the seconds since the UNIX epoch. This is primarily
	# intended to support reproducible builds (wiki.debian.org/ReproducibleBuilds)
	# and will additionally ensure that the output date string is UTC.
	my $epoch_secs = time;
	if (exists $ENV{SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH} and $ENV{SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH} =~ /^(\d+)$/)
	{
	$epoch_secs = $1;
	$ENV{TZ} = 'UTC0';
	}

	# Translators: the following message is a strftime(3) format string, which in
	# the English version expands to the month as a word and the full year. It
	# is used on the footer of the generated manual pages. If in doubt, you may
	# just use %x as the value (which should be the full locale-specific date).
	my $date = enc strftime _("%B %Y"), localtime $epoch_secs;
	my $program = program_basename $ARGV[0];
	my $package = $program;
	my $version;

	if ($opt_output)
	{
	unlink $opt_output or kark N_("%s: can't unlink %s (%s)"),
	$this_program, $opt_output, $! if -e $opt_output;

	open STDOUT, ">$opt_output"
	or kark N_("%s: can't create %s (%s)"), $this_program, $opt_output, $!;
	}

	# The first line of the --version information is assumed to be in one
	# of the following formats:
	#
	# <version>
	# <program> <version>
	# {GNU,Free} <program> <version>
	# <program> ({GNU,Free} <package>) <version>
	# <program> - {GNU,Free} <package> <version>
	#
	# and separated from any copyright/author details by a blank line.

	($_, $version_text) = ((split /\n+/, $version_text, 2), '');

	if (/^(\S+) +\(((?:GNU\|Free) +[^)]+)\) +(.*)/ or
	/^(\S+) +- ((?:GNU\|Free) +\S+) +(.)/)
	{
	$program = program_basename $1;
	$package = $2;
	$version = $3;
	}
	elsif (/^((?:GNU\|Free) +)?(\S+) +(.*)/)
	{
	$program = program_basename $2;
	$package = $1 ? "$1$program" : $program;
	$version = $3;
	}
	else
	{
	$version = $_;
	}

	# No info for `info' itself.
	$opt_no_info = 1 if $program eq 'info';

	if ($opt_name)
	{
	# --name overrides --include contents.
	$replace{_('NAME')} = "$program \\- $opt_name\n";
	}

	# Translators: "NAME", "SYNOPSIS" and other one or two word strings in all
	# upper case are manual page section headings. The man(1) manual page in your
	# language, if available should provide the conventional translations.
	for ($replace{_('NAME')} \|\| ($include{_('NAME')} \|\|= ''))
	{
	if ($_) # Use first name given as $program
	{
	$program = $1 if /^([^\s,]+)(?:,?\s[^\s,\\-]+)\s+\\?-/;
	}
	else # Set a default (useless) NAME paragraph.
	{
	$_ = sprintf _("%s \\- manual page for %s %s") . "\n", $program,
	$program, $version;
	}
	}

	# Man pages traditionally have the page title in caps.
	my $PROGRAM = uc $program;

	# Set default page head/footers
	$source \|\|= "$package $version";
	unless ($manual)
	{
	for ($section)
	{
	if (/^(1[Mm]\|8)/) { $manual = enc _('System Administration Utilities') }
	elsif (/^6/) { $manual = enc _('Games') }
	else { $manual = enc _('User Commands') }
	}
	}

	# Extract usage clause(s) [if any] for SYNOPSIS.
	# Translators: "Usage" and "or" here are patterns (regular expressions) which
	# are used to match the usage synopsis in program output. An example from cp
	# (GNU coreutils) which contains both strings:
	# Usage: cp [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
	# or: cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
	# or: cp [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...
	my $PAT_USAGE = _('Usage');
	my $PAT_USAGE_CONT = _('or');
	if ($help_text =~ s/^($PAT_USAGE):( +(\S+))(.)((?:\n(?: {6}\1\| ($PAT_USAGE_CONT): +\S).))//om)
	{
	my @syn = $3 . $4;

	if ($_ = $5)
	{
	s/^\n//;
	for (split /\n/) { s/^ *(($PAT_USAGE_CONT): +)?//o; push @syn, $_ }
	}

	my $synopsis = '';
	for (@syn)
	{
	$synopsis .= ".br\n" if $synopsis;
	s!^\S*/!!;
	s/^lt-// if $opt_libtool;
	s/^(\S+) *//;
	$synopsis .= ".B $1\n";
	s/\s+$//;
	s/(([][]\|\.\.+)+)/\\fR$1\\fI/g;
	s/^/\\fI/ unless s/^\\fR//;
	$_ .= '\fR';
	s/(\\fI)( *)/$2$1/g;
	s/\\fI\\fR//g;
	s/^\\fR//;
	s/\\fI$//;
	s/^\./\\&./;

	$_ = fix_italic_spacing $_;
	$synopsis .= "$_\n";
	}

	$include{_('SYNOPSIS')} .= $synopsis;
	}

	# Process text, initial section is DESCRIPTION.
	my $sect = _('DESCRIPTION');
	$_ = "$help_text\n\n$version_text";

	# Normalise paragraph breaks.
	s/^\n+//;
	s/\n*$/\n/;
	s/\n\n+/\n\n/g;

	# Join hyphenated lines.
	s/([A-Za-z])-\n *([A-Za-z])/$1$2/g;

	# Temporarily exchange leading dots, apostrophes and backslashes for
	# tokens.
	s/^\./\x80/mg;
	s/^'/\x81/mg;
	s/\\/\x82/g;

	# Translators: patterns are used to match common program output. In the source
	# these strings are all of the form of "my $PAT_something = _('...');" and are
	# regular expressions. If there is more than one commonly used string, you
	# may separate alternatives with "\|". Spaces in these expressions are written
	# as " +" to indicate that more than one space may be matched. The string
	# "(?:[\\w-]+ +)?" in the bug reporting pattern is used to indicate an
	# optional word, so that either "Report bugs" or "Report _program_ bugs" will
	# be matched.
	my $PAT_BUGS = _('Report +(?:[\w-]+ +)?bugs\|Email +bug +reports +to');
	my $PAT_AUTHOR = _('Written +by');
	my $PAT_OPTIONS = _('Options');
	my $PAT_ENVIRONMENT = _('Environment');
	my $PAT_FILES = _('Files');
	my $PAT_EXAMPLES = _('Examples');
	my $PAT_FREE_SOFTWARE = _('This +is +free +software');

	# Start a new paragraph (if required) for these.
	s/([^\n])\n($PAT_BUGS\|$PAT_AUTHOR) /$1\n\n$2 /og;

	# Convert iso-8859-1 copyright symbol or (c) to nroff
	# character.
	s/^Copyright +(?:\xa9\|\([Cc]\))/Copyright \\(co/mg;

	while (length)
	{
	# Convert some standard paragraph names.
	if (s/^($PAT_OPTIONS): *\n+//o)
	{
	$sect = _('OPTIONS');
	next;
	}
	if (s/^($PAT_ENVIRONMENT): *\n+//o)
	{
	$sect = _('ENVIRONMENT');
	next;
	}
	if (s/^($PAT_FILES): *\n+//o)
	{
	$sect = _('FILES');
	next;
	}
	elsif (s/^($PAT_EXAMPLES): *\n+//o)
	{
	$sect = _('EXAMPLES');
	next;
	}

	# Custom section indicated by a line containing "Section Name".
	if (s/^\(\w(.\w)?)\* *\n+//)
	{
	$sect = uc $1;
	$sect =~ tr// /; # also accept SectionName
	push @sections, $sect;
	next;
	}

	# Copyright section.
	if (/^Copyright /)
	{
	$sect = _('COPYRIGHT');
	}

	# Bug reporting section.
	elsif (/^($PAT_BUGS) /o)
	{
	$sect = _('REPORTING BUGS');
	}

	# Author section.
	elsif (/^($PAT_AUTHOR)/o)
	{
	$sect = _('AUTHOR');
	}

	# Examples, indicated by an indented leading $, % or > are
	# rendered in a constant width font.
	if (/^( +)([\$\%>] )\S/)
	{
	my $indent = $1;
	my $prefix = $2;
	my $break = '.IP';
	while (s/^$indent\Q$prefix\E(\S.)\n//)
	{
	$include{$sect} .= "$break\n\\f(CW$prefix$1\\fR\n";
	$break = '.br';
	}

	next;
	}

	my $matched = '';

	# Sub-sections have a trailing colon and the second line indented.
	if (s/^(\S.:) \n / /)
	{
	$matched .= $& if %append_match;
	$include{$sect} .= qq(.SS "$1"\n);
	}

	my $indent = 0;
	my $content = '';

	# Option with description.
	if (s/^( {1,10}([+-]\S.?))(?:( +(?!-))\|\n( {20,}))(\S.)\n//)
	{
	$matched .= $& if %append_match;
	$indent = length ($4 \|\| "$1$3");
	$content = ".TP\n\x84$2\n\x84$5\n";
	unless ($4)
	{
	# Indent may be different on second line.
	$indent = length $& if /^ {20,}/;
	}
	}

	# Option without description.
	elsif (s/^ {1,10}([+-]\S.*)\n//)
	{
	$matched .= $& if %append_match;
	$content = ".HP\n\x84$1\n";
	$indent = 80; # not continued
	}

	# Indented paragraph with tag.
	elsif (s/^( +(\S.?))(?:( +)\|\n( {20,}))(\S.)\n//)
	{
	$matched .= $& if %append_match;
	$indent = length ($4 \|\| "$1$3");
	$content = ".TP\n\x84$2\n\x84$5\n";
	}

	# Indented paragraph.
	elsif (s/^( +)(\S.*)\n//)
	{
	$matched .= $& if %append_match;
	$indent = length $1;
	$content = ".IP\n\x84$2\n";
	}

	# Left justified paragraph.
	else
	{
	s/(.*)\n//;
	$matched .= $& if %append_match;
	$content = ".PP\n" if $include{$sect};
	$content .= "$1\n";
	}

	# Append continuations.
	while ($indent ? s/^ {$indent}(\S.)\n// : s/^(\S.)\n//)
	{
	$matched .= $& if %append_match;
	$content .= "\x84$1\n";
	}

	# Move to next paragraph.
	s/^\n+//;

	for ($content)
	{
	# Leading dot and apostrophe protection.
	s/\x84\./\x80/g;
	s/\x84'/\x81/g;
	s/\x84//g;

	# Examples should be verbatim.
	unless ($sect eq _('EXAMPLES'))
	{
	# Convert options.
	s/(^\|[ (])(-[][\w=-]+)/$1 . convert_option $2/mge;

	# Italicise filenames: /a/b, $VAR/c/d, ~/e/f
	s!
	(^\|[ (]) # space/punctuation before
	(
	(?:\$\w+\|~)? # leading variable, or tilde
	(?:/\w(?:[\w.-]*\w)?)+ # path components
	)
	($\|[ ,;.)]) # space/punctuation after
	!$1\\fI$2\\fP$3!xmg;

	$_ = fix_italic_spacing $_;
	}

	# Escape remaining hyphens.
	s/-/\x83/g;

	if ($sect eq _('COPYRIGHT'))
	{
	# Insert line breaks before additional copyright messages
	# and the disclaimer.
	s/\n(Copyright \|$PAT_FREE_SOFTWARE)/\n.br\n$1/og;
	}
	elsif ($sect eq _('REPORTING BUGS'))
	{
	# Handle multi-line bug reporting sections of the form:
	#
	# Report <program> bugs to <addr>
	# GNU <package> home page: <url>
	# ...
	s/\n([[:upper:]])/\n.br\n$1/g;
	}
	}

	# Check if matched paragraph contains /pat/.
	if (%append_match)
	{
	for my $pat (keys %append_match)
	{
	if ($matched =~ $pat)
	{
	$content .= ".PP\n" unless $append_match{$pat} =~ /^\./;
	$content .= $append_match{$pat};
	}
	}
	}

	$include{$sect} .= $content;
	}

	# Refer to the real documentation.
	unless ($opt_no_info)
	{
	my $info_page = $opt_info \|\| $program;

	$sect = _('SEE ALSO');
	$include{$sect} .= ".PP\n" if $include{$sect};
	$include{$sect} .= sprintf _(<<'EOT'), $program, $program, $info_page;
	The full documentation for
	.B %s
	is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the
	.B info
	and
	.B %s
	programs are properly installed at your site, the command
	.IP
	.B info %s
	.PP
	should give you access to the complete manual.
	EOT
	}

	# Append additional text.
	while (my ($sect, $text) = each %append)
	{
	$include{$sect} .= $append{$sect};
	}

	# Replace sections.
	while (my ($sect, $text) = each %replace)
	{
	$include{$sect} = $replace{$sect};
	}

	# Output header.
	print <<EOT;
	.\\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE! It was generated by $this_program $this_version.
	.TH $PROGRAM "$section" "$date" "$source" "$manual"
	EOT

	# Section ordering.
	my @pre = (_('NAME'), _('SYNOPSIS'), _('DESCRIPTION'), _('OPTIONS'));
	my @post = (_('ENVIRONMENT'), _('FILES'), _('EXAMPLES'), _('AUTHOR'),
	_('REPORTING BUGS'), _('COPYRIGHT'), _('SEE ALSO'));
	my %filter = map { $_ => 1 } @pre, @post;

	# Output content.
	my %done;
	for my $sect (@pre, (grep !$filter{$_}, @sections), @post)
	{
	next if $done{$sect}++; # ignore duplicates
	next unless $include{$sect};
	if ($include{$sect})
	{
	my $quote = $sect =~ /\W/ ? '"' : '';
	print enc ".SH $quote$sect$quote\n";

	for ($include{$sect})
	{
	# Replace leading dot, apostrophe, backslash and hyphen
	# tokens.
	s/\x80/\\&./g;
	s/\x81/\\&'/g;
	s/\x82/\\e/g;
	s/\x83/\\-/g;

	# Convert some latin1 chars to troff equivalents
	s/\xa0/\\ /g; # non-breaking space

	print enc $_;
	}
	}
	}

	close STDOUT or kark N_("%s: error writing to %s (%s)"), $this_program,
	$opt_output \|\| 'stdout', $!;

	exit;

	# Get program basename, and strip libtool "lt-" prefix if required.
	sub program_basename
	{
	local $_ = shift;
	s!.*/!!;
	s/^lt-// if $opt_libtool;
	$_;
	}

	# Call program with given option and return results.
	sub get_option_value
	{
	my ($prog, $opt) = @_;
	my $stderr = $discard_stderr ? '/dev/null' : '&1';
	my $value = join '',
	map { s/ +$//; expand $_ }
	map { dec $_ }
	`$prog $opt 2>$stderr`;

	unless ($value)
	{
	my $err = N_("%s: can't get `%s' info from %s%s");
	my $extra = $discard_stderr
	? "\n" . N_("Try `--no-discard-stderr' if option outputs to stderr")
	: '';

	kark $err, $this_program, $opt, $prog, $extra;
	}

	$value;
	}

	# Convert option dashes to \- to stop nroff from hyphenating 'em, and
	# embolden. Option arguments get italicised.
	sub convert_option
	{
	local $_ = '\fB' . shift;

	s/-/\x83/g;
	unless (s/\[=(.*)\]$/\\fR[=\\fI$1\\fR]/)
	{
	s/=(.)/\\fR=\\fI$1/;
	s/ (.)/ \\fI$1/;
	$_ .= '\fR';
	}

	$_;
	}

	# Insert spacing escape characters \, and \/ before and after italic text. See
	# http://www.gnu.org/software/groff/manual/html_node/Ligatures-and-Kerning.html
	sub fix_italic_spacing
	{
	local $_ = shift;
	s!\\fI(.*?)\\f([BRP])!\\fI\\,$1\\/\\f$2!g;
	return $_;
	}