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third-party-mirror/openjdk/jdk25u/HEAD/./src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java
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/*
* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
*
* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
* published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
* by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
*
* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
* accompanied this code).
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
*
* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
* or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
* questions.
*/
/*
* This file is available under and governed by the GNU General Public
* License version 2 only, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
* However, the following notice accompanied the original version of this
* file:
*
* Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166
* Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at
* http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
*/
package java.util.concurrent.locks;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool;
import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
/**
* Provides a framework for implementing blocking locks and related
* synchronizers (semaphores, events, etc) that rely on
* first-in-first-out (FIFO) wait queues. This class is designed to
* be a useful basis for most kinds of synchronizers that rely on a
* single atomic {@code int} value to represent state. Subclasses
* must define the protected methods that change this state, and which
* define what that state means in terms of this object being acquired
* or released. Given these, the other methods in this class carry
* out all queuing and blocking mechanics. Subclasses can maintain
* other state fields, but only the atomically updated {@code int}
* value manipulated using methods {@link #getState}, {@link
* #setState} and {@link #compareAndSetState} is tracked with respect
* to synchronization.
*
* <p>Subclasses should be defined as non-public internal helper
* classes that are used to implement the synchronization properties
* of their enclosing class. Class
* {@code AbstractQueuedSynchronizer} does not implement any
* synchronization interface. Instead it defines methods such as
* {@link #acquireInterruptibly} that can be invoked as
* appropriate by concrete locks and related synchronizers to
* implement their public methods.
*
* <p>This class supports either or both a default <em>exclusive</em>
* mode and a <em>shared</em> mode. When acquired in exclusive mode,
* attempted acquires by other threads cannot succeed. Shared mode
* acquires by multiple threads may (but need not) succeed. This class
* does not &quot;understand&quot; these differences except in the
* mechanical sense that when a shared mode acquire succeeds, the next
* waiting thread (if one exists) must also determine whether it can
* acquire as well. Threads waiting in the different modes share the
* same FIFO queue. Usually, implementation subclasses support only
* one of these modes, but both can come into play for example in a
* {@link ReadWriteLock}. Subclasses that support only exclusive or
* only shared modes need not define the methods supporting the unused mode.
*
* <p>This class defines a nested {@link ConditionObject} class that
* can be used as a {@link Condition} implementation by subclasses
* supporting exclusive mode for which method {@link
* #isHeldExclusively} reports whether synchronization is exclusively
* held with respect to the current thread, method {@link #release}
* invoked with the current {@link #getState} value fully releases
* this object, and the underlying version of {@link #acquire(int)},
* given this saved state value, eventually restores this object to
* its previous acquired state.
* No {@code AbstractQueuedSynchronizer} method otherwise creates such a
* condition, so if this constraint cannot be met, do not use it. The
* behavior of {@link ConditionObject} depends of course on the
* semantics of its synchronizer implementation.
*
* <p>This class provides inspection, instrumentation, and monitoring
* methods for the internal queue, as well as similar methods for
* condition objects. These can be exported as desired into classes
* using an {@code AbstractQueuedSynchronizer} for their
* synchronization mechanics.
*
* <p>Serialization of this class stores only the underlying atomic
* integer maintaining state, so deserialized objects have empty
* thread queues. Typical subclasses requiring serializability will
* define a {@code readObject} method that restores this to a known
* initial state upon deserialization.
*
* <h2>Usage</h2>
*
* <p>To use this class as the basis of a synchronizer, redefine the
* following methods, as applicable, by inspecting and/or modifying
* the synchronization state using {@link #getState}, {@link
* #setState} and/or {@link #compareAndSetState}:
*
* <ul>
* <li>{@link #tryAcquire}
* <li>{@link #tryRelease}
* <li>{@link #tryAcquireShared}
* <li>{@link #tryReleaseShared}
* <li>{@link #isHeldExclusively}
* </ul>
*
* Each of these methods by default throws {@link
* UnsupportedOperationException}. Implementations of these methods
* must be internally thread-safe, and should in general be short and
* not block. Defining these methods is the <em>only</em> supported
* means of using this class. All other methods are declared
* {@code final} because they cannot be independently varied.
*
* <p>You may also find the inherited methods from {@link
* AbstractOwnableSynchronizer} useful to keep track of the thread
* owning an exclusive synchronizer. You are encouraged to use them
* -- this enables monitoring and diagnostic tools to assist users in
* determining which threads hold locks.
*
* <p>Even though this class is based on an internal FIFO queue, it
* does not automatically enforce FIFO acquisition policies. The core
* of exclusive synchronization takes the form:
*
* <pre>
* <em>Acquire:</em>
* while (!tryAcquire(arg)) {
* <em>enqueue thread if it is not already queued</em>;
* <em>possibly block current thread</em>;
* }
*
* <em>Release:</em>
* if (tryRelease(arg))
* <em>unblock the first queued thread</em>;
* </pre>
*
* (Shared mode is similar but may involve cascading signals.)
*
* <p id="barging">Because checks in acquire are invoked before
* enqueuing, a newly acquiring thread may <em>barge</em> ahead of
* others that are blocked and queued. However, you can, if desired,
* define {@code tryAcquire} and/or {@code tryAcquireShared} to
* disable barging by internally invoking one or more of the inspection
* methods, thereby providing a <em>fair</em> FIFO acquisition order.
* In particular, most fair synchronizers can define {@code tryAcquire}
* to return {@code false} if {@link #hasQueuedPredecessors} (a method
* specifically designed to be used by fair synchronizers) returns
* {@code true}. Other variations are possible.
*
* <p>Throughput and scalability are generally highest for the
* default barging (also known as <em>greedy</em>,
* <em>renouncement</em>, and <em>convoy-avoidance</em>) strategy.
* While this is not guaranteed to be fair or starvation-free, earlier
* queued threads are allowed to recontend before later queued
* threads, and each recontention has an unbiased chance to succeed
* against incoming threads. Also, while acquires do not
* &quot;spin&quot; in the usual sense, they may perform multiple
* invocations of {@code tryAcquire} interspersed with other
* computations before blocking. This gives most of the benefits of
* spins when exclusive synchronization is only briefly held, without
* most of the liabilities when it isn't. If so desired, you can
* augment this by preceding calls to acquire methods with
* "fast-path" checks, possibly prechecking {@link #hasContended}
* and/or {@link #hasQueuedThreads} to only do so if the synchronizer
* is likely not to be contended.
*
* <p>This class provides an efficient and scalable basis for
* synchronization in part by specializing its range of use to
* synchronizers that can rely on {@code int} state, acquire, and
* release parameters, and an internal FIFO wait queue. When this does
* not suffice, you can build synchronizers from a lower level using
* {@link java.util.concurrent.atomic atomic} classes, your own custom
* {@link java.util.Queue} classes, and {@link LockSupport} blocking
* support.
*
* <h2>Usage Examples</h2>
*
* <p>Here is a non-reentrant mutual exclusion lock class that uses
* the value zero to represent the unlocked state, and one to
* represent the locked state. While a non-reentrant lock
* does not strictly require recording of the current owner
* thread, this class does so anyway to make usage easier to monitor.
* It also supports conditions and exposes some instrumentation methods:
*
* <pre> {@code
* class Mutex implements Lock, java.io.Serializable {
*
* // Our internal helper class
* private static class Sync extends AbstractQueuedSynchronizer {
* // Acquires the lock if state is zero
* public boolean tryAcquire(int acquires) {
* assert acquires == 1; // Otherwise unused
* if (compareAndSetState(0, 1)) {
* setExclusiveOwnerThread(Thread.currentThread());
* return true;
* }
* return false;
* }
*
* // Releases the lock by setting state to zero
* protected boolean tryRelease(int releases) {
* assert releases == 1; // Otherwise unused
* if (!isHeldExclusively())
* throw new IllegalMonitorStateException();
* setExclusiveOwnerThread(null);
* setState(0);
* return true;
* }
*
* // Reports whether in locked state
* public boolean isLocked() {
* return getState() != 0;
* }
*
* public boolean isHeldExclusively() {
* // a data race, but safe due to out-of-thin-air guarantees
* return getExclusiveOwnerThread() == Thread.currentThread();
* }
*
* // Provides a Condition
* public Condition newCondition() {
* return new ConditionObject();
* }
*
* // Deserializes properly
* private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s)
* throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
* s.defaultReadObject();
* setState(0); // reset to unlocked state
* }
* }
*
* // The sync object does all the hard work. We just forward to it.
* private final Sync sync = new Sync();
*
* public void lock() { sync.acquire(1); }
* public boolean tryLock() { return sync.tryAcquire(1); }
* public void unlock() { sync.release(1); }
* public Condition newCondition() { return sync.newCondition(); }
* public boolean isLocked() { return sync.isLocked(); }
* public boolean isHeldByCurrentThread() {
* return sync.isHeldExclusively();
* }
* public boolean hasQueuedThreads() {
* return sync.hasQueuedThreads();
* }
* public void lockInterruptibly() throws InterruptedException {
* sync.acquireInterruptibly(1);
* }
* public boolean tryLock(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
* throws InterruptedException {
* return sync.tryAcquireNanos(1, unit.toNanos(timeout));
* }
* }}</pre>
*
* <p>Here is a latch class that is like a
* {@link java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch CountDownLatch}
* except that it only requires a single {@code signal} to
* fire. Because a latch is non-exclusive, it uses the {@code shared}
* acquire and release methods.
*
* <pre> {@code
* class BooleanLatch {
*
* private static class Sync extends AbstractQueuedSynchronizer {
* boolean isSignalled() { return getState() != 0; }
*
* protected int tryAcquireShared(int ignore) {
* return isSignalled() ? 1 : -1;
* }
*
* protected boolean tryReleaseShared(int ignore) {
* setState(1);
* return true;
* }
* }
*
* private final Sync sync = new Sync();
* public boolean isSignalled() { return sync.isSignalled(); }
* public void signal() { sync.releaseShared(1); }
* public void await() throws InterruptedException {
* sync.acquireSharedInterruptibly(1);
* }
* }}</pre>
*
* @since 1.5
* @author Doug Lea
*/
public abstract class AbstractQueuedSynchronizer
extends AbstractOwnableSynchronizer
implements java.io.Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 7373984972572414691L;
/**
* Creates a new {@code AbstractQueuedSynchronizer} instance
* with initial synchronization state of zero.
*/
protected AbstractQueuedSynchronizer() { }
/*
* Overview.
*
* The wait queue is a variant of a "CLH" (Craig, Landin, and
* Hagersten) lock queue. CLH locks are normally used for
* spinlocks. We instead use them for blocking synchronizers by
* including explicit ("prev" and "next") links plus a "status"
* field that allow nodes to signal successors when releasing
* locks, and handle cancellation due to interrupts and timeouts.
* The status field includes bits that track whether a thread
* needs a signal (using LockSupport.unpark). Despite these
* additions, we maintain most CLH locality properties.
*
* To enqueue into a CLH lock, you atomically splice it in as new
* tail. To dequeue, you set the head field, so the next eligible
* waiter becomes first.
*
* +------+ prev +-------+ +------+
* | head | <---- | first | <---- | tail |
* +------+ +-------+ +------+
*
* Insertion into a CLH queue requires only a single atomic
* operation on "tail", so there is a simple point of demarcation
* from unqueued to queued. The "next" link of the predecessor is
* set by the enqueuing thread after successful CAS. Even though
* non-atomic, this suffices to ensure that any blocked thread is
* signalled by a predecessor when eligible (although in the case
* of cancellation, possibly with the assistance of a signal in
* method cleanQueue). Signalling is based in part on a
* Dekker-like scheme in which the to-be waiting thread indicates
* WAITING status, then retries acquiring, and then rechecks
* status before blocking. The signaller atomically clears WAITING
* status when unparking.
*
* Dequeuing on acquire involves detaching (nulling) a node's
* "prev" node and then updating the "head". Other threads check
* if a node is or was dequeued by checking "prev" rather than
* head. We enforce the nulling then setting order by spin-waiting
* if necessary. Because of this, the lock algorithm is not itself
* strictly "lock-free" because an acquiring thread may need to
* wait for a previous acquire to make progress. When used with
* exclusive locks, such progress is required anyway. However
* Shared mode may (uncommonly) require a spin-wait before
* setting head field to ensure proper propagation. (Historical
* note: This allows some simplifications and efficiencies
* compared to previous versions of this class.)
*
* A node's predecessor can change due to cancellation while it is
* waiting, until the node is first in queue, at which point it
* cannot change. The acquire methods cope with this by rechecking
* "prev" before waiting. The prev and next fields are modified
* only via CAS by cancelled nodes in method cleanQueue. The
* unsplice strategy is reminiscent of Michael-Scott queues in
* that after a successful CAS to prev field, other threads help
* fix next fields. Because cancellation often occurs in bunches
* that complicate decisions about necessary signals, each call to
* cleanQueue traverses the queue until a clean sweep. Nodes that
* become relinked as first are unconditionally unparked
* (sometimes unnecessarily, but those cases are not worth
* avoiding).
*
* A thread may try to acquire if it is first (frontmost) in the
* queue, and sometimes before. Being first does not guarantee
* success; it only gives the right to contend. We balance
* throughput, overhead, and fairness by allowing incoming threads
* to "barge" and acquire the synchronizer while in the process of
* enqueuing, in which case an awakened first thread may need to
* rewait. To counteract possible repeated unlucky rewaits, we
* exponentially increase retries (up to 256) to acquire each time
* a thread is unparked. Except in this case, AQS locks do not
* spin; they instead interleave attempts to acquire with
* bookkeeping steps. (Users who want spinlocks can use
* tryAcquire.)
*
* To improve garbage collectibility, fields of nodes not yet on
* list are null. (It is not rare to create and then throw away a
* node without using it.) Fields of nodes coming off the list are
* nulled out as soon as possible. This accentuates the challenge
* of externally determining the first waiting thread (as in
* method getFirstQueuedThread). This sometimes requires the
* fallback of traversing backwards from the atomically updated
* "tail" when fields appear null. (This is never needed in the
* process of signalling though.)
*
* CLH queues need a dummy header node to get started. But
* we don't create them on construction, because it would be wasted
* effort if there is never contention. Instead, the node
* is constructed and head and tail pointers are set upon first
* contention.
*
* Shared mode operations differ from Exclusive in that an acquire
* signals the next waiter to try to acquire if it is also
* Shared. The tryAcquireShared API allows users to indicate the
* degree of propagation, but in most applications, it is more
* efficient to ignore this, allowing the successor to try
* acquiring in any case.
*
* Threads waiting on Conditions use nodes with an additional
* link to maintain the (FIFO) list of conditions. Conditions only
* need to link nodes in simple (non-concurrent) linked queues
* because they are only accessed when exclusively held. Upon
* await, a node is inserted into a condition queue. Upon signal,
* the node is enqueued on the main queue. A special status field
* value is used to track and atomically trigger this.
*
* Accesses to fields head, tail, and state use full Volatile
* mode, along with CAS. Node fields status, prev and next also do
* so while threads may be signallable, but sometimes use weaker
* modes otherwise. Accesses to field "waiter" (the thread to be
* signalled) are always sandwiched between other atomic accesses
* so are used in Plain mode. We use jdk.internal Unsafe versions
* of atomic access methods rather than VarHandles to avoid
* potential VM bootstrap issues.
*
* Most of the above is performed by primary internal method
* acquire, that is invoked in some way by all exported acquire
* methods. (It is usually easy for compilers to optimize
* call-site specializations when heavily used.)
*
* Most AQS methods may be called by JDK components that cannot be
* allowed to fail when encountering OutOfMemoryErrors. The main
* acquire method resorts to spin-waits with backoff if nodes
* cannot be allocated. Condition waits release and reacquire
* locks upon OOME at a slow fixed rate (OOME_COND_WAIT_DELAY)
* designed with the hope that eventually enough memory will be
* recovered; if not performance can be very slow. Effectiveness
* is also limited by the possibility of class loading triggered
* by first-time usages, that may encounter unrecoverable
* OOMEs. Also, it is possible for OutOfMemoryErrors to be thrown
* when attempting to create and throw
* IllegalMonitorStateExceptions and InterruptedExceptions.
*
* There are several arbitrary decisions about when and how to
* check interrupts in both acquire and await before and/or after
* blocking. The decisions are less arbitrary in implementation
* updates because some users appear to rely on original behaviors
* in ways that are racy and so (rarely) wrong in general but hard
* to justify changing.
*
* Thanks go to Dave Dice, Mark Moir, Victor Luchangco, Bill
* Scherer and Michael Scott, along with members of JSR-166
* expert group, for helpful ideas, discussions, and critiques
* on the design of this class.
*/
// Node status bits, also used as argument and return values
static final int WAITING = 1; // must be 1
static final int CANCELLED = 0x80000000; // must be negative
static final int COND = 2; // in a condition wait
/** CLH Nodes */
abstract static class Node {
volatile Node prev; // initially attached via casTail
volatile Node next; // visibly nonnull when signallable
Thread waiter; // visibly nonnull when enqueued
volatile int status; // written by owner, atomic bit ops by others
// methods for atomic operations
final boolean casPrev(Node c, Node v) { // for cleanQueue
return U.weakCompareAndSetReference(this, PREV, c, v);
}
final boolean casNext(Node c, Node v) { // for cleanQueue
return U.weakCompareAndSetReference(this, NEXT, c, v);
}
final int getAndUnsetStatus(int v) { // for signalling
return U.getAndBitwiseAndInt(this, STATUS, ~v);
}
final void setPrevRelaxed(Node p) { // for off-queue assignment
U.putReference(this, PREV, p);
}
final void setStatusRelaxed(int s) { // for off-queue assignment
U.putInt(this, STATUS, s);
}
final void clearStatus() { // for reducing unneeded signals
U.putIntOpaque(this, STATUS, 0);
}
private static final long STATUS
= U.objectFieldOffset(Node.class, "status");
private static final long NEXT
= U.objectFieldOffset(Node.class, "next");
private static final long PREV
= U.objectFieldOffset(Node.class, "prev");
}
// Concrete classes tagged by type
static final class ExclusiveNode extends Node { }
static final class SharedNode extends Node { }
static final class ConditionNode extends Node
implements ForkJoinPool.ManagedBlocker {
ConditionNode nextWaiter; // link to next waiting node
/**
* Allows Conditions to be used in ForkJoinPools without
* risking fixed pool exhaustion. This is usable only for
* untimed Condition waits, not timed versions.
*/
public final boolean isReleasable() {
return status <= 1 || Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted();
}
public final boolean block() {
while (!isReleasable()) LockSupport.park();
return true;
}
}
/**
* Head of the wait queue, lazily initialized.
*/
private transient volatile Node head;
/**
* Tail of the wait queue. After initialization, modified only via casTail.
*/
private transient volatile Node tail;
/**
* @serial The synchronization state.
*/
private volatile int state;
/**
* Returns the current value of synchronization state.
* This operation has memory semantics of a {@code volatile} read.
* @return current state value
*/
protected final int getState() {
return state;
}
/**
* Sets the value of synchronization state.
* This operation has memory semantics of a {@code volatile} write.
* @param newState the new state value
*/
protected final void setState(int newState) {
state = newState;
}
/**
* Atomically sets synchronization state to the given updated
* value if the current state value equals the expected value.
* This operation has memory semantics of a {@code volatile} read
* and write.
*
* @param expect the expected value
* @param update the new value
* @return {@code true} if successful. False return indicates that the actual
* value was not equal to the expected value.
*/
protected final boolean compareAndSetState(int expect, int update) {
return U.compareAndSetInt(this, STATE, expect, update);
}
// Queuing utilities
private boolean casTail(Node c, Node v) {
return U.compareAndSetReference(this, TAIL, c, v);
}
/**
* Tries to CAS a new dummy node for head.
* Returns new tail, or null if OutOfMemory
*/
private Node tryInitializeHead() {
for (Node h = null, t;;) {
if ((t = tail) != null)
return t;
else if (head != null)
Thread.onSpinWait();
else {
if (h == null) {
try {
h = new ExclusiveNode();
} catch (OutOfMemoryError oome) {
return null;
}
}
if (U.compareAndSetReference(this, HEAD, null, h))
return tail = h;
}
}
}
/**
* Enqueues the node unless null. (Currently used only for
* ConditionNodes; other cases are interleaved with acquires.)
*/
final void enqueue(ConditionNode node) {
if (node != null) {
boolean unpark = false;
for (Node t;;) {
if ((t = tail) == null && (t = tryInitializeHead()) == null) {
unpark = true; // wake up to spin on OOME
break;
}
node.setPrevRelaxed(t); // avoid unnecessary fence
if (casTail(t, node)) {
t.next = node;
if (t.status < 0) // wake up to clean link
unpark = true;
break;
}
}
if (unpark)
LockSupport.unpark(node.waiter);
}
}
/** Returns true if node is found in traversal from tail */
final boolean isEnqueued(Node node) {
for (Node t = tail; t != null; t = t.prev)
if (t == node)
return true;
return false;
}
/**
* Wakes up the successor of given node, if one exists, and unsets its
* WAITING status to avoid park race. This may fail to wake up an
* eligible thread when one or more have been cancelled, but
* cancelAcquire ensures liveness.
*/
private static void signalNext(Node h) {
Node s;
if (h != null && (s = h.next) != null && s.status != 0) {
s.getAndUnsetStatus(WAITING);
LockSupport.unpark(s.waiter);
}
}
/** Wakes up the given node if in shared mode */
private static void signalNextIfShared(Node h) {
Node s;
if (h != null && (s = h.next) != null &&
(s instanceof SharedNode) && s.status != 0) {
s.getAndUnsetStatus(WAITING);
LockSupport.unpark(s.waiter);
}
}
/**
* Repeatedly invokes acquire, if its execution throws an Error or a Runtime Exception,
* using an Unsafe.park-based backoff
* @param node which to reacquire
* @param arg the acquire argument
*/
private final void reacquire(Node node, int arg) {
try {
acquire(node, arg, false, false, false, 0L);
} catch (Error | RuntimeException firstEx) {
// While we currently do not emit an JFR events in this situation, mainly
// because the conditions under which this happens are such that it
// cannot be presumed to be possible to actually allocate an event, and
// using a preconstructed one would have limited value in serviceability.
// Having said that, the following place would be the more appropriate
// place to put such logic:
// emit JFR event
for (long nanos = 1L;;) {
U.park(false, nanos); // must use Unsafe park to sleep
if (nanos < 1L << 30) // max about 1 second
nanos <<= 1;
try {
acquire(node, arg, false, false, false, 0L);
} catch (Error | RuntimeException ignored) {
continue;
}
throw firstEx;
}
}
}
/**
* Main acquire method, invoked by all exported acquire methods.
*
* @param node null unless a reacquiring Condition
* @param arg the acquire argument
* @param shared true if shared mode else exclusive
* @param interruptible if abort and return negative on interrupt
* @param timed if true use timed waits
* @param time if timed, the System.nanoTime value to timeout
* @return positive if acquired, 0 if timed out, negative if interrupted
*/
final int acquire(Node node, int arg, boolean shared,
boolean interruptible, boolean timed, long time) {
Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
byte spins = 0, postSpins = 0; // retries upon unpark of first thread
boolean interrupted = false, first = false;
Node pred = null; // predecessor of node when enqueued
/*
* Repeatedly:
* Check if node now first
* if so, ensure head stable, else ensure valid predecessor
* if node is first or not yet enqueued, try acquiring
* else if queue is not initialized, do so by attaching new header node
* resort to spinwait on OOME trying to create node
* else if node not yet created, create it
* resort to spinwait on OOME trying to create node
* else if not yet enqueued, try once to enqueue
* else if woken from park, retry (up to postSpins times)
* else if WAITING status not set, set and retry
* else park and clear WAITING status, and check cancellation
*/
for (;;) {
if (!first && (pred = (node == null) ? null : node.prev) != null &&
!(first = (head == pred))) {
if (pred.status < 0) {
cleanQueue(); // predecessor cancelled
continue;
} else if (pred.prev == null) {
Thread.onSpinWait(); // ensure serialization
continue;
}
}
if (first || pred == null) {
boolean acquired;
try {
if (shared)
acquired = (tryAcquireShared(arg) >= 0);
else
acquired = tryAcquire(arg);
} catch (Throwable ex) {
cancelAcquire(node, interrupted, false);
throw ex;
}
if (acquired) {
if (first) {
node.prev = null;
head = node;
pred.next = null;
node.waiter = null;
if (shared)
signalNextIfShared(node);
if (interrupted)
current.interrupt();
}
return 1;
}
}
Node t;
if ((t = tail) == null) { // initialize queue
if (tryInitializeHead() == null)
return acquireOnOOME(shared, arg);
} else if (node == null) { // allocate; retry before enqueue
try {
node = (shared) ? new SharedNode() : new ExclusiveNode();
} catch (OutOfMemoryError oome) {
return acquireOnOOME(shared, arg);
}
} else if (pred == null) { // try to enqueue
node.waiter = current;
node.setPrevRelaxed(t); // avoid unnecessary fence
if (!casTail(t, node))
node.setPrevRelaxed(null); // back out
else
t.next = node;
} else if (first && spins != 0) {
--spins; // reduce unfairness on rewaits
Thread.onSpinWait();
} else if (node.status == 0) {
node.status = WAITING; // enable signal and recheck
} else {
spins = postSpins = (byte)((postSpins << 1) | 1);
try {
long nanos;
if (!timed)
LockSupport.park(this);
else if ((nanos = time - System.nanoTime()) > 0L)
LockSupport.parkNanos(this, nanos);
else
break;
} catch (Error | RuntimeException ex) {
cancelAcquire(node, interrupted, interruptible); // cancel & rethrow
throw ex;
}
node.clearStatus();
if ((interrupted |= Thread.interrupted()) && interruptible)
break;
}
}
return cancelAcquire(node, interrupted, interruptible);
}
/**
* Spin-waits with backoff; used only upon OOME failures during acquire.
*/
private int acquireOnOOME(boolean shared, int arg) {
for (long nanos = 1L;;) {
if (shared ? (tryAcquireShared(arg) >= 0) : tryAcquire(arg))
return 1;
U.park(false, nanos); // must use Unsafe park to sleep
if (nanos < 1L << 30) // max about 1 second
nanos <<= 1;
}
}
/**
* Possibly repeatedly traverses from tail, unsplicing cancelled
* nodes until none are found. Unparks nodes that may have been
* relinked to be next eligible acquirer.
*/
private void cleanQueue() {
for (;;) { // restart point
for (Node q = tail, s = null, p, n;;) { // (p, q, s) triples
if (q == null || (p = q.prev) == null)
return; // end of list
if (s == null ? tail != q : (s.prev != q || s.status < 0))
break; // inconsistent
if (q.status < 0) { // cancelled
if ((s == null ? casTail(q, p) : s.casPrev(q, p)) &&
q.prev == p) {
p.casNext(q, s); // OK if fails
if (p.prev == null)
signalNext(p);
}
break;
}
if ((n = p.next) != q) { // help finish
if (n != null && q.prev == p) {
p.casNext(n, q);
if (p.prev == null)
signalNext(p);
}
break;
}
s = q;
q = q.prev;
}
}
}
/**
* Cancels an ongoing attempt to acquire.
*
* @param node the node (may be null if cancelled before enqueuing)
* @param interrupted true if thread interrupted
* @param interruptible if should report interruption vs reset
*/
private int cancelAcquire(Node node, boolean interrupted,
boolean interruptible) {
if (node != null) {
node.waiter = null;
node.status = CANCELLED;
if (node.prev != null)
cleanQueue();
}
if (interrupted) {
if (interruptible)
return CANCELLED;
else
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
return 0;
}
// Main exported methods
/**
* Attempts to acquire in exclusive mode. This method should query
* if the state of the object permits it to be acquired in the
* exclusive mode, and if so to acquire it.
*
* <p>This method is always invoked by the thread performing
* acquire. If this method reports failure, the acquire method
* may queue the thread, if it is not already queued, until it is
* signalled by a release from some other thread. This can be used
* to implement method {@link Lock#tryLock()}.
*
* <p>The default
* implementation throws {@link UnsupportedOperationException}.
*
* @param arg the acquire argument. This value is always the one
* passed to an acquire method, or is the value saved on entry
* to a condition wait. The value is otherwise uninterpreted
* and can represent anything you like.
* @return {@code true} if successful. Upon success, this object has
* been acquired.
* @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if acquiring would place this
* synchronizer in an illegal state. This exception must be
* thrown in a consistent fashion for synchronization to work
* correctly.
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if exclusive mode is not supported
*/
protected boolean tryAcquire(int arg) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
/**
* Attempts to set the state to reflect a release in exclusive
* mode.
*
* <p>This method is always invoked by the thread performing release.
*
* <p>The default implementation throws
* {@link UnsupportedOperationException}.
*
* @param arg the release argument. This value is always the one
* passed to a release method, or the current state value upon
* entry to a condition wait. The value is otherwise
* uninterpreted and can represent anything you like.
* @return {@code true} if this object is now in a fully released
* state, so that any waiting threads may attempt to acquire;
* and {@code false} otherwise.
* @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if releasing would place this
* synchronizer in an illegal state. This exception must be
* thrown in a consistent fashion for synchronization to work
* correctly.
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if exclusive mode is not supported
*/
protected boolean tryRelease(int arg) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
/**
* Attempts to acquire in shared mode. This method should query if
* the state of the object permits it to be acquired in the shared
* mode, and if so to acquire it.
*
* <p>This method is always invoked by the thread performing
* acquire. If this method reports failure, the acquire method
* may queue the thread, if it is not already queued, until it is
* signalled by a release from some other thread.
*
* <p>The default implementation throws {@link
* UnsupportedOperationException}.
*
* @param arg the acquire argument. This value is always the one
* passed to an acquire method, or is the value saved on entry
* to a condition wait. The value is otherwise uninterpreted
* and can represent anything you like.
* @return a negative value on failure; zero if acquisition in shared
* mode succeeded but no subsequent shared-mode acquire can
* succeed; and a positive value if acquisition in shared
* mode succeeded and subsequent shared-mode acquires might
* also succeed, in which case a subsequent waiting thread
* must check availability. (Support for three different
* return values enables this method to be used in contexts
* where acquires only sometimes act exclusively.) Upon
* success, this object has been acquired.
* @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if acquiring would place this
* synchronizer in an illegal state. This exception must be
* thrown in a consistent fashion for synchronization to work
* correctly.
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if shared mode is not supported
*/
protected int tryAcquireShared(int arg) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
/**
* Attempts to set the state to reflect a release in shared mode.
*
* <p>This method is always invoked by the thread performing release.
*
* <p>The default implementation throws
* {@link UnsupportedOperationException}.
*
* @param arg the release argument. This value is always the one
* passed to a release method, or the current state value upon
* entry to a condition wait. The value is otherwise
* uninterpreted and can represent anything you like.
* @return {@code true} if this release of shared mode may permit a
* waiting acquire (shared or exclusive) to succeed; and
* {@code false} otherwise
* @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if releasing would place this
* synchronizer in an illegal state. This exception must be
* thrown in a consistent fashion for synchronization to work
* correctly.
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if shared mode is not supported
*/
protected boolean tryReleaseShared(int arg) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
/**
* Returns {@code true} if synchronization is held exclusively with
* respect to the current (calling) thread. This method is invoked
* upon each call to a {@link ConditionObject} method.
*
* <p>The default implementation throws {@link
* UnsupportedOperationException}. This method is invoked
* internally only within {@link ConditionObject} methods, so need
* not be defined if conditions are not used.
*
* @return {@code true} if synchronization is held exclusively;
* {@code false} otherwise
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if conditions are not supported
*/
protected boolean isHeldExclusively() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
/**
* Acquires in exclusive mode, ignoring interrupts. Implemented
* by invoking at least once {@link #tryAcquire},
* returning on success. Otherwise the thread is queued, possibly
* repeatedly blocking and unblocking, invoking {@link
* #tryAcquire} until success. This method can be used
* to implement method {@link Lock#lock}.
*
* @param arg the acquire argument. This value is conveyed to
* {@link #tryAcquire} but is otherwise uninterpreted and
* can represent anything you like.
*/
public final void acquire(int arg) {
if (!tryAcquire(arg))
acquire(null, arg, false, false, false, 0L);
}
/**
* Acquires in exclusive mode, aborting if interrupted.
* Implemented by first checking interrupt status, then invoking
* at least once {@link #tryAcquire}, returning on
* success. Otherwise the thread is queued, possibly repeatedly
* blocking and unblocking, invoking {@link #tryAcquire}
* until success or the thread is interrupted. This method can be
* used to implement method {@link Lock#lockInterruptibly}.
*
* @param arg the acquire argument. This value is conveyed to
* {@link #tryAcquire} but is otherwise uninterpreted and
* can represent anything you like.
* @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted
*/
public final void acquireInterruptibly(int arg)
throws InterruptedException {
if (Thread.interrupted() ||
(!tryAcquire(arg) && acquire(null, arg, false, true, false, 0L) < 0))
throw new InterruptedException();
}
/**
* Attempts to acquire in exclusive mode, aborting if interrupted,
* and failing if the given timeout elapses. Implemented by first
* checking interrupt status, then invoking at least once {@link
* #tryAcquire}, returning on success. Otherwise, the thread is
* queued, possibly repeatedly blocking and unblocking, invoking
* {@link #tryAcquire} until success or the thread is interrupted
* or the timeout elapses. This method can be used to implement
* method {@link Lock#tryLock(long, TimeUnit)}.
*
* @param arg the acquire argument. This value is conveyed to
* {@link #tryAcquire} but is otherwise uninterpreted and
* can represent anything you like.
* @param nanosTimeout the maximum number of nanoseconds to wait
* @return {@code true} if acquired; {@code false} if timed out
* @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted
*/
public final boolean tryAcquireNanos(int arg, long nanosTimeout)
throws InterruptedException {
if (!Thread.interrupted()) {
if (tryAcquire(arg))
return true;
if (nanosTimeout <= 0L)
return false;
int stat = acquire(null, arg, false, true, true,
System.nanoTime() + nanosTimeout);
if (stat > 0)
return true;
if (stat == 0)
return false;
}
throw new InterruptedException();
}
/**
* Releases in exclusive mode. Implemented by unblocking one or
* more threads if {@link #tryRelease} returns true.
* This method can be used to implement method {@link Lock#unlock}.
*
* @param arg the release argument. This value is conveyed to
* {@link #tryRelease} but is otherwise uninterpreted and
* can represent anything you like.
* @return the value returned from {@link #tryRelease}
*/
public final boolean release(int arg) {
if (tryRelease(arg)) {
signalNext(head);
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* Acquires in shared mode, ignoring interrupts. Implemented by
* first invoking at least once {@link #tryAcquireShared},
* returning on success. Otherwise the thread is queued, possibly
* repeatedly blocking and unblocking, invoking {@link
* #tryAcquireShared} until success.
*
* @param arg the acquire argument. This value is conveyed to
* {@link #tryAcquireShared} but is otherwise uninterpreted
* and can represent anything you like.
*/
public final void acquireShared(int arg) {
if (tryAcquireShared(arg) < 0)
acquire(null, arg, true, false, false, 0L);
}
/**
* Acquires in shared mode, aborting if interrupted. Implemented
* by first checking interrupt status, then invoking at least once
* {@link #tryAcquireShared}, returning on success. Otherwise the
* thread is queued, possibly repeatedly blocking and unblocking,
* invoking {@link #tryAcquireShared} until success or the thread
* is interrupted.
* @param arg the acquire argument.
* This value is conveyed to {@link #tryAcquireShared} but is
* otherwise uninterpreted and can represent anything
* you like.
* @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted
*/
public final void acquireSharedInterruptibly(int arg)
throws InterruptedException {
if (Thread.interrupted() ||
(tryAcquireShared(arg) < 0 &&
acquire(null, arg, true, true, false, 0L) < 0))
throw new InterruptedException();
}
/**
* Attempts to acquire in shared mode, aborting if interrupted, and
* failing if the given timeout elapses. Implemented by first
* checking interrupt status, then invoking at least once {@link
* #tryAcquireShared}, returning on success. Otherwise, the
* thread is queued, possibly repeatedly blocking and unblocking,
* invoking {@link #tryAcquireShared} until success or the thread
* is interrupted or the timeout elapses.
*
* @param arg the acquire argument. This value is conveyed to
* {@link #tryAcquireShared} but is otherwise uninterpreted
* and can represent anything you like.
* @param nanosTimeout the maximum number of nanoseconds to wait
* @return {@code true} if acquired; {@code false} if timed out
* @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted
*/
public final boolean tryAcquireSharedNanos(int arg, long nanosTimeout)
throws InterruptedException {
if (!Thread.interrupted()) {
if (tryAcquireShared(arg) >= 0)
return true;
if (nanosTimeout <= 0L)
return false;
int stat = acquire(null, arg, true, true, true,
System.nanoTime() + nanosTimeout);
if (stat > 0)
return true;
if (stat == 0)
return false;
}
throw new InterruptedException();
}
/**
* Releases in shared mode. Implemented by unblocking one or more
* threads if {@link #tryReleaseShared} returns true.
*
* @param arg the release argument. This value is conveyed to
* {@link #tryReleaseShared} but is otherwise uninterpreted
* and can represent anything you like.
* @return the value returned from {@link #tryReleaseShared}
*/
public final boolean releaseShared(int arg) {
if (tryReleaseShared(arg)) {
signalNext(head);
return true;
}
return false;
}
// Queue inspection methods
/**
* Queries whether any threads are waiting to acquire. Note that
* because cancellations due to interrupts and timeouts may occur
* at any time, a {@code true} return does not guarantee that any
* other thread will ever acquire.
*
* @return {@code true} if there may be other threads waiting to acquire
*/
public final boolean hasQueuedThreads() {
for (Node p = tail, h = head; p != h && p != null; p = p.prev)
if (p.status >= 0)
return true;
return false;
}
/**
* Queries whether any threads have ever contended to acquire this
* synchronizer; that is, if an acquire method has ever blocked.
*
* <p>In this implementation, this operation returns in
* constant time.
*
* @return {@code true} if there has ever been contention
*/
public final boolean hasContended() {
return head != null;
}
/**
* Returns the first (longest-waiting) thread in the queue, or
* {@code null} if no threads are currently queued.
*
* <p>In this implementation, this operation normally returns in
* constant time, but may iterate upon contention if other threads are
* concurrently modifying the queue.
*
* @return the first (longest-waiting) thread in the queue, or
* {@code null} if no threads are currently queued
*/
public final Thread getFirstQueuedThread() {
Thread first = null, w; Node h, s;
if ((h = head) != null && ((s = h.next) == null ||
(first = s.waiter) == null ||
s.prev == null)) {
// traverse from tail on stale reads
for (Node p = tail, q; p != null && (q = p.prev) != null; p = q)
if ((w = p.waiter) != null)
first = w;
}
return first;
}
/**
* Returns true if the given thread is currently queued.
*
* <p>This implementation traverses the queue to determine
* presence of the given thread.
*
* @param thread the thread
* @return {@code true} if the given thread is on the queue
* @throws NullPointerException if the thread is null
*/
public final boolean isQueued(Thread thread) {
if (thread == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
for (Node p = tail; p != null; p = p.prev)
if (p.waiter == thread)
return true;
return false;
}
/**
* Returns {@code true} if the apparent first queued thread, if one
* exists, is waiting in exclusive mode. If this method returns
* {@code true}, and the current thread is attempting to acquire in
* shared mode (that is, this method is invoked from {@link
* #tryAcquireShared}) then it is guaranteed that the current thread
* is not the first queued thread. Used only as a heuristic in
* ReentrantReadWriteLock.
*/
final boolean apparentlyFirstQueuedIsExclusive() {
Node h, s;
return (h = head) != null && (s = h.next) != null &&
!(s instanceof SharedNode) && s.waiter != null;
}
/**
* Queries whether any threads have been waiting to acquire longer
* than the current thread.
*
* <p>An invocation of this method is equivalent to (but may be
* more efficient than):
* <pre> {@code
* getFirstQueuedThread() != Thread.currentThread()
* && hasQueuedThreads()}</pre>
*
* <p>Note that because cancellations due to interrupts and
* timeouts may occur at any time, a {@code true} return does not
* guarantee that some other thread will acquire before the current
* thread. Likewise, it is possible for another thread to win a
* race to enqueue after this method has returned {@code false},
* due to the queue being empty.
*
* <p>This method is designed to be used by a fair synchronizer to
* avoid <a href="AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.html#barging">barging</a>.
* Such a synchronizer's {@link #tryAcquire} method should return
* {@code false}, and its {@link #tryAcquireShared} method should
* return a negative value, if this method returns {@code true}
* (unless this is a reentrant acquire). For example, the {@code
* tryAcquire} method for a fair, reentrant, exclusive mode
* synchronizer might look like this:
*
* <pre> {@code
* protected boolean tryAcquire(int arg) {
* if (isHeldExclusively()) {
* // A reentrant acquire; increment hold count
* return true;
* } else if (hasQueuedPredecessors()) {
* return false;
* } else {
* // try to acquire normally
* }
* }}</pre>
*
* @return {@code true} if there is a queued thread preceding the
* current thread, and {@code false} if the current thread
* is at the head of the queue or the queue is empty
* @since 1.7
*/
public final boolean hasQueuedPredecessors() {
Thread first = null; Node h, s;
if ((h = head) != null && ((s = h.next) == null ||
(first = s.waiter) == null ||
s.prev == null))
first = getFirstQueuedThread(); // retry via getFirstQueuedThread
return first != null && first != Thread.currentThread();
}
// Instrumentation and monitoring methods
/**
* Returns an estimate of the number of threads waiting to
* acquire. The value is only an estimate because the number of
* threads may change dynamically while this method traverses
* internal data structures. This method is designed for use in
* monitoring system state, not for synchronization control.
*
* @return the estimated number of threads waiting to acquire
*/
public final int getQueueLength() {
int n = 0;
for (Node p = tail; p != null; p = p.prev) {
if (p.waiter != null)
++n;
}
return n;
}
/**
* Returns a collection containing threads that may be waiting to
* acquire. Because the actual set of threads may change
* dynamically while constructing this result, the returned
* collection is only a best-effort estimate. The elements of the
* returned collection are in no particular order. This method is
* designed to facilitate construction of subclasses that provide
* more extensive monitoring facilities.
*
* @return the collection of threads
*/
public final Collection<Thread> getQueuedThreads() {
ArrayList<Thread> list = new ArrayList<>();
for (Node p = tail; p != null; p = p.prev) {
Thread t = p.waiter;
if (t != null)
list.add(t);
}
return list;
}
/**
* Returns a collection containing threads that may be waiting to
* acquire in exclusive mode. This has the same properties
* as {@link #getQueuedThreads} except that it only returns
* those threads waiting due to an exclusive acquire.
*
* @return the collection of threads
*/
public final Collection<Thread> getExclusiveQueuedThreads() {
ArrayList<Thread> list = new ArrayList<>();
for (Node p = tail; p != null; p = p.prev) {
if (!(p instanceof SharedNode)) {
Thread t = p.waiter;
if (t != null)
list.add(t);
}
}
return list;
}
/**
* Returns a collection containing threads that may be waiting to
* acquire in shared mode. This has the same properties
* as {@link #getQueuedThreads} except that it only returns
* those threads waiting due to a shared acquire.
*
* @return the collection of threads
*/
public final Collection<Thread> getSharedQueuedThreads() {
ArrayList<Thread> list = new ArrayList<>();
for (Node p = tail; p != null; p = p.prev) {
if (p instanceof SharedNode) {
Thread t = p.waiter;
if (t != null)
list.add(t);
}
}
return list;
}
/**
* Returns a string identifying this synchronizer, as well as its state.
* The state, in brackets, includes the String {@code "State ="}
* followed by the current value of {@link #getState}, and either
* {@code "nonempty"} or {@code "empty"} depending on whether the
* queue is empty.
*
* @return a string identifying this synchronizer, as well as its state
*/
public String toString() {
return super.toString()
+ "[State = " + getState() + ", "
+ (hasQueuedThreads() ? "non" : "") + "empty queue]";
}
// Instrumentation methods for conditions
/**
* Queries whether the given ConditionObject
* uses this synchronizer as its lock.
*
* @param condition the condition
* @return {@code true} if owned
* @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null
*/
public final boolean owns(ConditionObject condition) {
return condition.isOwnedBy(this);
}
/**
* Queries whether any threads are waiting on the given condition
* associated with this synchronizer. Note that because timeouts
* and interrupts may occur at any time, a {@code true} return
* does not guarantee that a future {@code signal} will awaken
* any threads. This method is designed primarily for use in
* monitoring of the system state.
*
* @param condition the condition
* @return {@code true} if there are any waiting threads
* @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if exclusive synchronization
* is not held
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given condition is
* not associated with this synchronizer
* @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null
*/
public final boolean hasWaiters(ConditionObject condition) {
if (!owns(condition))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Not owner");
return condition.hasWaiters();
}
/**
* Returns an estimate of the number of threads waiting on the
* given condition associated with this synchronizer. Note that
* because timeouts and interrupts may occur at any time, the
* estimate serves only as an upper bound on the actual number of
* waiters. This method is designed for use in monitoring system
* state, not for synchronization control.
*
* @param condition the condition
* @return the estimated number of waiting threads
* @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if exclusive synchronization
* is not held
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given condition is
* not associated with this synchronizer
* @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null
*/
public final int getWaitQueueLength(ConditionObject condition) {
if (!owns(condition))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Not owner");
return condition.getWaitQueueLength();
}
/**
* Returns a collection containing those threads that may be
* waiting on the given condition associated with this
* synchronizer. Because the actual set of threads may change
* dynamically while constructing this result, the returned
* collection is only a best-effort estimate. The elements of the
* returned collection are in no particular order.
*
* @param condition the condition
* @return the collection of threads
* @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if exclusive synchronization
* is not held
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given condition is
* not associated with this synchronizer
* @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null
*/
public final Collection<Thread> getWaitingThreads(ConditionObject condition) {
if (!owns(condition))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Not owner");
return condition.getWaitingThreads();
}
/**
* Condition implementation for a {@link AbstractQueuedSynchronizer}
* serving as the basis of a {@link Lock} implementation.
*
* <p>Method documentation for this class describes mechanics,
* not behavioral specifications from the point of view of Lock
* and Condition users. Exported versions of this class will in
* general need to be accompanied by documentation describing
* condition semantics that rely on those of the associated
* {@code AbstractQueuedSynchronizer}.
*
* <p>This class is Serializable, but all fields are transient,
* so deserialized conditions have no waiters.
*/
public class ConditionObject implements Condition, java.io.Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1173984872572414699L;
/** First node of condition queue. */
private transient ConditionNode firstWaiter;
/** Last node of condition queue. */
private transient ConditionNode lastWaiter;
/**
* Fixed delay in nanoseconds between releasing and reacquiring
* lock during Condition waits that encounter OutOfMemoryErrors
*/
static final long OOME_COND_WAIT_DELAY = 10L * 1000L * 1000L; // 10 ms
/**
* Creates a new {@code ConditionObject} instance.
*/
public ConditionObject() { }
// Signalling methods
/**
* Removes and transfers one or all waiters to sync queue.
*/
private void doSignal(ConditionNode first, boolean all) {
while (first != null) {
ConditionNode next = first.nextWaiter;
if ((firstWaiter = next) == null)
lastWaiter = null;
else
first.nextWaiter = null; // GC assistance
if ((first.getAndUnsetStatus(COND) & COND) != 0) {
enqueue(first);
if (!all)
break;
}
first = next;
}
}
/**
* Moves the longest-waiting thread, if one exists, from the
* wait queue for this condition to the wait queue for the
* owning lock.
*
* @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if {@link #isHeldExclusively}
* returns {@code false}
*/
public final void signal() {
ConditionNode first = firstWaiter;
if (!isHeldExclusively())
throw new IllegalMonitorStateException();
else if (first != null)
doSignal(first, false);
}
/**
* Moves all threads from the wait queue for this condition to
* the wait queue for the owning lock.
*
* @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if {@link #isHeldExclusively}
* returns {@code false}
*/
public final void signalAll() {
ConditionNode first = firstWaiter;
if (!isHeldExclusively())
throw new IllegalMonitorStateException();
else if (first != null)
doSignal(first, true);
}
// Waiting methods
/**
* Adds node to condition list and releases lock.
*
* @param node the node
* @return savedState to reacquire after wait
*/
private int enableWait(ConditionNode node) {
if (isHeldExclusively()) {
node.waiter = Thread.currentThread();
node.setStatusRelaxed(COND | WAITING);
ConditionNode last = lastWaiter;
if (last == null)
firstWaiter = node;
else
last.nextWaiter = node;
lastWaiter = node;
int savedState = getState();
if (release(savedState))
return savedState;
}
node.status = CANCELLED; // lock not held or inconsistent
throw new IllegalMonitorStateException();
}
/**
* Returns true if a node that was initially placed on a condition
* queue is now ready to reacquire on sync queue.
* @param node the node
* @return true if is reacquiring
*/
private boolean canReacquire(ConditionNode node) {
// check links, not status to avoid enqueue race
Node p; // traverse unless known to be bidirectionally linked
return node != null && (p = node.prev) != null &&
(p.next == node || isEnqueued(node));
}
/**
* Unlinks the given node and other non-waiting nodes from
* condition queue unless already unlinked.
*/
private void unlinkCancelledWaiters(ConditionNode node) {
if (node == null || node.nextWaiter != null || node == lastWaiter) {
ConditionNode w = firstWaiter, trail = null;
while (w != null) {
ConditionNode next = w.nextWaiter;
if ((w.status & COND) == 0) {
w.nextWaiter = null;
if (trail == null)
firstWaiter = next;
else
trail.nextWaiter = next;
if (next == null)
lastWaiter = trail;
} else
trail = w;
w = next;
}
}
}
/**
* Constructs objects needed for condition wait. On OOME,
* releases lock, sleeps, reacquires, and returns null.
*/
private ConditionNode newConditionNode() {
int savedState;
if (tryInitializeHead() != null) {
try {
return new ConditionNode();
} catch (OutOfMemoryError oome) {
}
}
// fall through if encountered OutOfMemoryError
if (!isHeldExclusively() || !release(savedState = getState()))
throw new IllegalMonitorStateException();
U.park(false, OOME_COND_WAIT_DELAY);
acquireOnOOME(false, savedState);
return null;
}
/**
* Implements uninterruptible condition wait.
* <ol>
* <li>Save lock state returned by {@link #getState}.
* <li>Invoke {@link #release} with saved state as argument,
* throwing IllegalMonitorStateException if it fails.
* <li>Block until signalled.
* <li>Reacquire by invoking underlying version of
* {@link #acquire(int)} with saved state as argument.
* </ol>
*/
public final void awaitUninterruptibly() {
ConditionNode node = newConditionNode();
if (node == null)
return;
int savedState = enableWait(node);
LockSupport.setCurrentBlocker(this); // for back-compatibility
boolean interrupted = false, rejected = false;
while (!canReacquire(node)) {
if (Thread.interrupted())
interrupted = true;
else if ((node.status & COND) != 0) {
try {
if (rejected)
node.block();
else
ForkJoinPool.managedBlock(node);
} catch (RejectedExecutionException ex) {
rejected = true;
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
interrupted = true;
}
} else
Thread.onSpinWait(); // awoke while enqueuing
}
LockSupport.setCurrentBlocker(null);
node.clearStatus();
reacquire(node, savedState);
if (interrupted)
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
/**
* Implements interruptible condition wait.
* <ol>
* <li>If current thread is interrupted, throw InterruptedException.
* <li>Save lock state returned by {@link #getState}.
* <li>Invoke {@link #release} with saved state as argument,
* throwing IllegalMonitorStateException if it fails.
* <li>Block until signalled or interrupted.
* <li>Reacquire by invoking underlying version of
* {@link #acquire(int)} with saved state as argument.
* <li>If interrupted while blocked in step 4, throw InterruptedException.
* </ol>
*/
public final void await() throws InterruptedException {
if (Thread.interrupted())
throw new InterruptedException();
ConditionNode node = newConditionNode();
if (node == null)
return;
int savedState = enableWait(node);
LockSupport.setCurrentBlocker(this); // for back-compatibility
boolean interrupted = false, cancelled = false, rejected = false;
while (!canReacquire(node)) {
if (interrupted |= Thread.interrupted()) {
if (cancelled = (node.getAndUnsetStatus(COND) & COND) != 0)
break; // else interrupted after signal
} else if ((node.status & COND) != 0) {
try {
if (rejected)
node.block();
else
ForkJoinPool.managedBlock(node);
} catch (RejectedExecutionException ex) {
rejected = true;
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
interrupted = true;
}
} else
Thread.onSpinWait(); // awoke while enqueuing
}
LockSupport.setCurrentBlocker(null);
node.clearStatus();
reacquire(node, savedState);
if (interrupted) {
if (cancelled) {
unlinkCancelledWaiters(node);
throw new InterruptedException();
}
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
/**
* Implements timed condition wait.
* <ol>
* <li>If current thread is interrupted, throw InterruptedException.
* <li>Save lock state returned by {@link #getState}.
* <li>Invoke {@link #release} with saved state as argument,
* throwing IllegalMonitorStateException if it fails.
* <li>Block until signalled, interrupted, or timed out.
* <li>Reacquire by invoking underlying version of
* {@link #acquire(int)} with saved state as argument.
* <li>If interrupted while blocked in step 4, throw InterruptedException.
* </ol>
*/
public final long awaitNanos(long nanosTimeout)
throws InterruptedException {
if (Thread.interrupted())
throw new InterruptedException();
ConditionNode node = newConditionNode();
if (node == null)
return nanosTimeout - OOME_COND_WAIT_DELAY;
int savedState = enableWait(node);
long nanos = (nanosTimeout < 0L) ? 0L : nanosTimeout;
long deadline = System.nanoTime() + nanos;
boolean cancelled = false, interrupted = false;
while (!canReacquire(node)) {
if ((interrupted |= Thread.interrupted()) ||
(nanos = deadline - System.nanoTime()) <= 0L) {
if (cancelled = (node.getAndUnsetStatus(COND) & COND) != 0)
break;
} else
LockSupport.parkNanos(this, nanos);
}
node.clearStatus();
reacquire(node, savedState);
if (cancelled) {
unlinkCancelledWaiters(node);
if (interrupted)
throw new InterruptedException();
} else if (interrupted)
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
long remaining = deadline - System.nanoTime(); // avoid overflow
return (remaining <= nanosTimeout) ? remaining : Long.MIN_VALUE;
}
/**
* Implements absolute timed condition wait.
* <ol>
* <li>If current thread is interrupted, throw InterruptedException.
* <li>Save lock state returned by {@link #getState}.
* <li>Invoke {@link #release} with saved state as argument,
* throwing IllegalMonitorStateException if it fails.
* <li>Block until signalled, interrupted, or timed out.
* <li>Reacquire by invoking underlying version of
* {@link #acquire(int)} with saved state as argument.
* <li>If interrupted while blocked in step 4, throw InterruptedException.
* <li>If timed out while blocked in step 4, return false, else true.
* </ol>
*/
public final boolean awaitUntil(Date deadline)
throws InterruptedException {
long abstime = deadline.getTime();
if (Thread.interrupted())
throw new InterruptedException();
ConditionNode node = newConditionNode();
if (node == null)
return false;
int savedState = enableWait(node);
boolean cancelled = false, interrupted = false;
while (!canReacquire(node)) {
if ((interrupted |= Thread.interrupted()) ||
System.currentTimeMillis() >= abstime) {
if (cancelled = (node.getAndUnsetStatus(COND) & COND) != 0)
break;
} else
LockSupport.parkUntil(this, abstime);
}
node.clearStatus();
reacquire(node, savedState);
if (cancelled) {
unlinkCancelledWaiters(node);
if (interrupted)
throw new InterruptedException();
} else if (interrupted)
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
return !cancelled;
}
/**
* Implements timed condition wait.
* <ol>
* <li>If current thread is interrupted, throw InterruptedException.
* <li>Save lock state returned by {@link #getState}.
* <li>Invoke {@link #release} with saved state as argument,
* throwing IllegalMonitorStateException if it fails.
* <li>Block until signalled, interrupted, or timed out.
* <li>Reacquire by invoking underlying version of
* {@link #acquire(int)} with saved state as argument.
* <li>If interrupted while blocked in step 4, throw InterruptedException.
* <li>If timed out while blocked in step 4, return false, else true.
* </ol>
*/
public final boolean await(long time, TimeUnit unit)
throws InterruptedException {
long nanosTimeout = unit.toNanos(time);
if (Thread.interrupted())
throw new InterruptedException();
ConditionNode node = newConditionNode();
if (node == null)
return false;
int savedState = enableWait(node);
long nanos = (nanosTimeout < 0L) ? 0L : nanosTimeout;
long deadline = System.nanoTime() + nanos;
boolean cancelled = false, interrupted = false;
while (!canReacquire(node)) {
if ((interrupted |= Thread.interrupted()) ||
(nanos = deadline - System.nanoTime()) <= 0L) {
if (cancelled = (node.getAndUnsetStatus(COND) & COND) != 0)
break;
} else
LockSupport.parkNanos(this, nanos);
}
node.clearStatus();
reacquire(node, savedState);
if (cancelled) {
unlinkCancelledWaiters(node);
if (interrupted)
throw new InterruptedException();
} else if (interrupted)
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
return !cancelled;
}
// support for instrumentation
/**
* Returns true if this condition was created by the given
* synchronization object.
*
* @return {@code true} if owned
*/
final boolean isOwnedBy(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer sync) {
return sync == AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.this;
}
/**
* Queries whether any threads are waiting on this condition.
* Implements {@link AbstractQueuedSynchronizer#hasWaiters(ConditionObject)}.
*
* @return {@code true} if there are any waiting threads
* @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if {@link #isHeldExclusively}
* returns {@code false}
*/
protected final boolean hasWaiters() {
if (!isHeldExclusively())
throw new IllegalMonitorStateException();
for (ConditionNode w = firstWaiter; w != null; w = w.nextWaiter) {
if ((w.status & COND) != 0)
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**
* Returns an estimate of the number of threads waiting on
* this condition.
* Implements {@link AbstractQueuedSynchronizer#getWaitQueueLength(ConditionObject)}.
*
* @return the estimated number of waiting threads
* @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if {@link #isHeldExclusively}
* returns {@code false}
*/
protected final int getWaitQueueLength() {
if (!isHeldExclusively())
throw new IllegalMonitorStateException();
int n = 0;
for (ConditionNode w = firstWaiter; w != null; w = w.nextWaiter) {
if ((w.status & COND) != 0)
++n;
}
return n;
}
/**
* Returns a collection containing those threads that may be
* waiting on this Condition.
* Implements {@link AbstractQueuedSynchronizer#getWaitingThreads(ConditionObject)}.
*
* @return the collection of threads
* @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if {@link #isHeldExclusively}
* returns {@code false}
*/
protected final Collection<Thread> getWaitingThreads() {
if (!isHeldExclusively())
throw new IllegalMonitorStateException();
ArrayList<Thread> list = new ArrayList<>();
for (ConditionNode w = firstWaiter; w != null; w = w.nextWaiter) {
if ((w.status & COND) != 0) {
Thread t = w.waiter;
if (t != null)
list.add(t);
}
}
return list;
}
}
// Unsafe
private static final Unsafe U = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
private static final long STATE
= U.objectFieldOffset(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.class, "state");
private static final long HEAD
= U.objectFieldOffset(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.class, "head");
private static final long TAIL
= U.objectFieldOffset(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.class, "tail");
static {
Class<?> ensureLoaded = LockSupport.class;
}
}