test/jdk/java/nio/Buffer/Basic-X.java.template

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2003, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 * questions.
 */

/* Type-specific source code for unit test
 *
 * Regenerate the BasicX classes via genBasic.sh whenever this file changes.
 * We check in the generated source files so that the test tree can be used
 * independently of the rest of the source tree.
 */

#warn This file is preprocessed before being compiled

#if[byte]
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
#end[byte]
import java.nio.*;
#if[byte]
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.Random;
#end[byte]
#if[char]
import java.util.function.IntFunction;
#end[char]


public class Basic$Type$
    extends Basic
{

    private static final $type$[] VALUES = {
        $Fulltype$.MIN_VALUE,
        ($type$) -1,
        ($type$) 0,
        ($type$) 1,
        $Fulltype$.MAX_VALUE,
#if[float]
        $Fulltype$.NEGATIVE_INFINITY,
        $Fulltype$.POSITIVE_INFINITY,
        $Fulltype$.NaN,
        ($type$) -0.0,
#end[float]
#if[double]
        $Fulltype$.NEGATIVE_INFINITY,
        $Fulltype$.POSITIVE_INFINITY,
        $Fulltype$.NaN,
        ($type$) -0.0,
#end[double]
    };

    private static void relGet($Type$Buffer b) {
        int n = b.capacity();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            ck(b, (long)b.get(), (long)(($type$)ic(i)));
        b.rewind();
    }

    private static void relGet($Type$Buffer b, int start) {
        int n = b.remaining();
        for (int i = start; i < n; i++)
            ck(b, (long)b.get(), (long)(($type$)ic(i)));
        b.rewind();
    }

    private static void absGet($Type$Buffer b) {
        int n = b.capacity();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            ck(b, (long)b.get(), (long)(($type$)ic(i)));
        b.rewind();
    }

    private static void bulkGet($Type$Buffer b) {
        int n = b.capacity();
        $type$[] a = new $type$[n + 7];
        b.get(a, 7, n);
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            ck(b, (long)a[i + 7], (long)(($type$)ic(i)));
        }
    }

    private static void absBulkGet($Type$Buffer b) {
        int n = b.capacity();
        int len = n - 7*2;
        $type$[] a = new $type$[n + 7];
        b.position(42);
        b.get(7, a, 7, len);
        ck(b, b.position() == 42);
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            ck(b, (long)a[i + 7], (long)(($type$)ic(i)));
        }
    }

    private static void relPut($Type$Buffer b) {
        int n = b.capacity();
        b.clear();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            b.put(($type$)ic(i));
        b.flip();
    }

    private static void absPut($Type$Buffer b) {
        int n = b.capacity();
        b.clear();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            b.put(i, ($type$)ic(i));
        b.limit(n);
        b.position(0);
    }

    private static void bulkPutArray($Type$Buffer b) {
        int n = b.capacity();
        b.clear();
        $type$[] a = new $type$[n + 7];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            a[i + 7] = ($type$)ic(i);
        b.put(a, 7, n);
        b.flip();
    }

    private static void bulkPutBuffer($Type$Buffer b) {
        int n = b.capacity();
        b.clear();
        $Type$Buffer c = $Type$Buffer.allocate(n + 7);
        c.position(7);
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            c.put(($type$)ic(i));
        c.flip();
        c.position(7);
        b.put(c);
        b.flip();
        try {
            b.put(b);
            fail("IllegalArgumentException expected for put into same buffer");
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            if (e.getMessage() == null) {
                fail("Non-null IllegalArgumentException message expected from"
                     + " put into same buffer");
            }
        }
    }

    private static void absBulkPutArray($Type$Buffer b) {
        int n = b.capacity();
        b.clear();
        int lim = n - 7;
        int len = lim - 7;
        b.limit(lim);
        $type$[] a = new $type$[len + 7];
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
            a[i + 7] = ($type$)ic(i);
        b.position(42);
        b.put(7, a, 7, len);
        ck(b, b.position() == 42);
    }

    //6231529
    private static void callReset($Type$Buffer b) {
        b.position(0);
        b.mark();

        b.duplicate().reset();
        b.asReadOnlyBuffer().reset();
    }

#if[byte]
#else[byte]
    // 6221101-6234263

    private static void putBuffer() {
        final int cap = 10;

        $Type$Buffer direct1 = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(cap).as$Type$Buffer();
        $Type$Buffer nondirect1 = ByteBuffer.allocate(cap).as$Type$Buffer();
        direct1.put(nondirect1);

        $Type$Buffer direct2 = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(cap).as$Type$Buffer();
        $Type$Buffer nondirect2 = ByteBuffer.allocate(cap).as$Type$Buffer();
        nondirect2.put(direct2);

        $Type$Buffer direct3 = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(cap).as$Type$Buffer();
        $Type$Buffer direct4 = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(cap).as$Type$Buffer();
        direct3.put(direct4);

        $Type$Buffer nondirect3 = ByteBuffer.allocate(cap).as$Type$Buffer();
        $Type$Buffer nondirect4 = ByteBuffer.allocate(cap).as$Type$Buffer();
        nondirect3.put(nondirect4);
    }
#end[byte]

#if[char]

    private static void bulkPutString($Type$Buffer b) {
        int n = b.capacity();
        b.clear();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(n + 7);
        sb.append("1234567");
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            sb.append((char)ic(i));
        b.put(sb.toString(), 7, 7 + n);
        b.flip();
    }

#end[char]

    private static void checkSlice($Type$Buffer b, $Type$Buffer slice) {
        ck(slice, 0, slice.position());
        ck(slice, b.remaining(), slice.limit());
        ck(slice, b.remaining(), slice.capacity());
        if (b.isDirect() != slice.isDirect())
            fail("Lost direction", slice);
        if (b.isReadOnly() != slice.isReadOnly())
            fail("Lost read-only", slice);
    }

#if[byte]

    private static void checkBytes(ByteBuffer b, byte[] bs) {
        int n = bs.length;
        int p = b.position();
        if (b.order() == ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN) {
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                ck(b, b.get(), bs[i]);
            }
        } else {
            for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                ck(b, b.get(), bs[i]);
            }
        }
        b.position(p);
    }

    private static void compact(Buffer b) {
        try {
            Class<?> cl = b.getClass();
            java.lang.reflect.Method m = cl.getDeclaredMethod("compact");
            m.setAccessible(true);
            m.invoke(b);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            fail(e.getMessage(), b);
        }
    }

    private static void checkInvalidMarkException(final Buffer b) {
        tryCatch(b, InvalidMarkException.class, () -> {
                b.mark();
                compact(b);
                b.reset();
            });
    }

    private static void testViews(int level, ByteBuffer b, boolean direct) {

        ShortBuffer sb = b.asShortBuffer();
        BasicShort.test(level, sb, direct);
        checkBytes(b, new byte[] { 0, (byte)ic(0) });
        checkInvalidMarkException(sb);

        CharBuffer cb = b.asCharBuffer();
        BasicChar.test(level, cb, direct);
        checkBytes(b, new byte[] { 0, (byte)ic(0) });
        checkInvalidMarkException(cb);

        IntBuffer ib = b.asIntBuffer();
        BasicInt.test(level, ib, direct);
        checkBytes(b, new byte[] { 0, 0, 0, (byte)ic(0) });
        checkInvalidMarkException(ib);

        LongBuffer lb = b.asLongBuffer();
        BasicLong.test(level, lb, direct);
        checkBytes(b, new byte[] { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, (byte)ic(0) });
        checkInvalidMarkException(lb);

        FloatBuffer fb = b.asFloatBuffer();
        BasicFloat.test(level, fb, direct);
        checkBytes(b, new byte[] { 0x42, (byte)0xc2, 0, 0 });
        checkInvalidMarkException(fb);

        DoubleBuffer db = b.asDoubleBuffer();
        BasicDouble.test(level, db, direct);
        checkBytes(b, new byte[] { 0x40, 0x58, 0x40, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 });
        checkInvalidMarkException(db);
    }

    private static void testHet(int level, ByteBuffer b) {

        int p = b.position();
        b.limit(b.capacity());
        show(level, b);
        out.print("    put:");

        b.putChar((char)1);
        b.putChar((char)Character.MAX_VALUE);
        out.print(" char");

        b.putShort((short)1);
        b.putShort((short)Short.MAX_VALUE);
        out.print(" short");

        b.putInt(1);
        b.putInt(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
        out.print(" int");

        b.putLong((long)1);
        b.putLong((long)Long.MAX_VALUE);
        out.print(" long");

        b.putFloat((float)1);
        b.putFloat((float)Float.MIN_VALUE);
        b.putFloat((float)Float.MAX_VALUE);
        out.print(" float");

        b.putDouble((double)1);
        b.putDouble((double)Double.MIN_VALUE);
        b.putDouble((double)Double.MAX_VALUE);
        out.print(" double");

        out.println();
        b.limit(b.position());
        b.position(p);
        show(level, b);
        out.print("    get:");

        ck(b, b.getChar(), 1);
        ck(b, b.getChar(), Character.MAX_VALUE);
        out.print(" char");

        ck(b, b.getShort(), 1);
        ck(b, b.getShort(), Short.MAX_VALUE);
        out.print(" short");

        ck(b, b.getInt(), 1);
        ck(b, b.getInt(), Integer.MAX_VALUE);
        out.print(" int");

        ck(b, b.getLong(), 1);
        ck(b, b.getLong(), Long.MAX_VALUE);
        out.print(" long");

        ck(b, (long)b.getFloat(), 1);
        ck(b, (long)b.getFloat(), (long)Float.MIN_VALUE);
        ck(b, (long)b.getFloat(), (long)Float.MAX_VALUE);
        out.print(" float");

        ck(b, (long)b.getDouble(), 1);
        ck(b, (long)b.getDouble(), (long)Double.MIN_VALUE);
        ck(b, (long)b.getDouble(), (long)Double.MAX_VALUE);
        out.print(" double");

        out.println();

    }

    private static void testAlign(final ByteBuffer b, boolean direct) {
        // index out-of bounds
        catchIllegalArgument(b, () -> b.alignmentOffset(-1, (short) 1));

        // unit size values
        catchIllegalArgument(b, () -> b.alignmentOffset(0, (short) 0));
        for (int us = 1; us < 65; us++) {
            int _us = us;
            if ((us & (us - 1)) != 0) {
                // unit size not a power of two
                catchIllegalArgument(b, () -> b.alignmentOffset(0, _us));
            } else {
                if (direct || us == 1) {
                    b.alignmentOffset(0, us);
                } else {
                    // unit size > 8 with non-direct buffer
                    tryCatch(b, UnsupportedOperationException.class,
                            () -> b.alignmentOffset(0, _us));
                }
            }
        }

        if (direct) {
            // Probe for long misalignment at index zero for a newly created buffer
            ByteBuffer empty = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(0);
            int longMisalignmentAtZero = empty.alignmentOffset(0, 8);

            // Freshly created direct byte buffers should be aligned at index 0
            // for ref and primitive values (see Unsafe.allocateMemory)
            if (longMisalignmentAtZero != 0) {
                fail("Direct byte buffer misaligned at index 0"
                        + " for ref and primitive values "
                        + longMisalignmentAtZero);
            }

            // Ensure test buffer is correctly aligned at index 0
            if (b.alignmentOffset(0, 8) != longMisalignmentAtZero)
                fail("Test input buffer not correctly aligned at index 0", b);

            // Test misalignment values
            for (int us : new int[]{1, 2, 4, 8}) {
                for (int i = 0; i < us * 2; i++) {
                    int am = b.alignmentOffset(i, us);
                    int expectedAm = (longMisalignmentAtZero + i) % us;

                    if (am != expectedAm) {
                        String f = "b.alignmentOffset(%d, %d) == %d incorrect, expected %d";
                        fail(String.format(f, i, us, am, expectedAm));
                    }
                }
            }

            // Created aligned slice to test against
            int ap = 8 - longMisalignmentAtZero;
            int al = b.limit() - b.alignmentOffset(b.limit(), 8);
            ByteBuffer ab = b.position(ap).limit(al).
                    slice();
            if (ab.limit() == 0) {
                fail("Test input buffer not sufficiently sized to cover" +
                        " an aligned region for all values", b);
            }
            if (ab.alignmentOffset(0, 8) != 0)
                fail("Aligned test input buffer not correctly aligned at index 0", ab);

            for (int us : new int[]{1, 2, 4, 8}) {
                for (int p = 1; p < 16; p++) {
                    int l = ab.limit() - p;

                    ByteBuffer as = ab.slice().position(p).limit(l).
                            alignedSlice(us);

                    ck(as, 0, as.position());
                    ck(as, as.capacity(), as.limit());
                    if (b.isDirect() != as.isDirect())
                        fail("Lost direction", as);
                    if (b.isReadOnly() != as.isReadOnly())
                        fail("Lost read-only", as);

                    if (as.alignmentOffset(0, us) != 0)
                        fail("Buffer not correctly aligned at index 0", as);

                    if (as.alignmentOffset(as.limit(), us) != 0)
                        fail("Buffer not correctly aligned at limit", as);

                    int p_mod = ab.alignmentOffset(p, us);
                    int l_mod = ab.alignmentOffset(l, us);
                    // Round up position
                    p = (p_mod > 0) ? p + (us - p_mod) : p;
                    // Round down limit
                    l = l - l_mod;

                    int ec = l - p;
                    if (as.limit() != ec) {
                        fail("Buffer capacity incorrect, expected: " + ec, as);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // mapped buffers
        try {
            for (MappedByteBuffer bb : mappedBuffers()) {
                try {
                    int offset = bb.alignmentOffset(1, 4);
                    ck(bb, offset >= 0);
                } catch (UnsupportedOperationException e) {
                    System.out.println("Not applicable, UOE thrown: ");
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }

        // alignment identities
        final int maxPow2 = 12;
        ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(1 << maxPow2); // cap 4096

        Random rnd = new Random();
        long seed = rnd.nextLong();
        rnd = new Random(seed);

        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            // 1 == 2^0 <= unitSize == 2^k <= bb.capacity()/2
            int unitSize = 1 << rnd.nextInt(maxPow2);
            // 0 <= index < 2*unitSize
            int index = rnd.nextInt(unitSize << 1);
            int value = bb.alignmentOffset(index, unitSize);
            try {
                if (value < 0 || value >= unitSize) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(value + " < 0 || " +
                        value + " >= " + unitSize);
                }
                if (value <= index &&
                    bb.alignmentOffset(index - value, unitSize) != 0)
                    throw new RuntimeException("Identity 1");
                if (bb.alignmentOffset(index + (unitSize - value),
                    unitSize) != 0)
                    throw new RuntimeException("Identity 2");
            } catch (RuntimeException re) {
                System.err.format("seed %d, index %d, unitSize %d, value %d%n",
                    seed, index, unitSize, value);
                throw re;
            }
        }
    }

    private static MappedByteBuffer[] mappedBuffers() throws IOException {
        return new MappedByteBuffer[]{
                createMappedBuffer(new byte[]{0, 1, 2, 3}),
                createMappedBuffer(new byte[]{0, 1, 2, -3,
                    45, 6, 7, 78, 3, -7, 6, 7, -128, 127}),
        };
    }

    private static MappedByteBuffer createMappedBuffer(byte[] contents)
        throws IOException {
        Path tempFile = Files.createTempFile("mbb", null);
        tempFile.toFile().deleteOnExit();
        Files.write(tempFile, contents);
        try (FileChannel fc = FileChannel.open(tempFile)) {
            MappedByteBuffer map =
                fc.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_ONLY, 0, contents.length);
            map.load();
            return map;
        }
    }
#end[byte]

    private static void fail(String problem,
                             $Type$Buffer xb, $Type$Buffer yb,
                             $type$ x, $type$ y) {
        fail(problem + String.format(": x=%s y=%s", x, y), xb, yb);
    }

    private static void catchNullArgument(Buffer b, Runnable thunk) {
        tryCatch(b, NullPointerException.class, thunk);
    }

    private static void catchIllegalArgument(Buffer b, Runnable thunk) {
        tryCatch(b, IllegalArgumentException.class, thunk);
    }

    private static void catchReadOnlyBuffer(Buffer b, Runnable thunk) {
        tryCatch(b, ReadOnlyBufferException.class, thunk);
    }

    private static void catchIndexOutOfBounds(Buffer b, Runnable thunk) {
        tryCatch(b, IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, thunk);
    }

    private static void catchIndexOutOfBounds($type$[] t, Runnable thunk) {
        tryCatch(t, IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, thunk);
    }

    private static void tryCatch(Buffer b, Class<?> ex, Runnable thunk) {
        boolean caught = false;
        try {
            thunk.run();
        } catch (Throwable x) {
            if (ex.isAssignableFrom(x.getClass())) {
                caught = true;
            } else {
                String s = x.getMessage();
                if (s == null)
                    s = x.getClass().getName();
                fail(s + " not expected");
            }
        }
        if (!caught) {
            fail(ex.getName() + " not thrown", b);
        }
    }

    private static void tryCatch($type$[] t, Class<?> ex, Runnable thunk) {
        tryCatch($Type$Buffer.wrap(t), ex, thunk);
    }

    public static void test(int level, final $Type$Buffer b, boolean direct) {

        show(level, b);

        if (direct != b.isDirect())
            fail("Wrong direction", b);

        // Gets and puts

        relPut(b);
        relGet(b);
        absGet(b);
        bulkGet(b);

        absPut(b);
        relGet(b);
        absGet(b);
        bulkGet(b);

        bulkPutArray(b);
        relGet(b);

        bulkPutBuffer(b);
        relGet(b);

        absBulkPutArray(b);
        absBulkGet(b);

#if[char]
        // 8306623 and 8306959
        String str = "in violet night walking beneath a reign of uncouth stars";
        char[] chars = str.toCharArray();
        int cslen = chars.length;
        CharSequence[] csqs = new CharSequence[] {
            str,
            new StringBuffer(str),
            new StringBuilder(str),
            CharBuffer.wrap(chars),
            ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(2*chars.length).asCharBuffer()
        };

        int[][] bounds = new int[][] {
            {-1, cslen},         // negative start
            {0, -1},             // negative end
            {1, 0},              // start > end
            {cslen/2, cslen + 1} // end > cslen
        };

        IntFunction<CharBuffer>[] producers = new IntFunction[] {
            (i) -> CharBuffer.allocate(i),
            (i) -> ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(2*i).asCharBuffer()
        };

        for (IntFunction<CharBuffer> f : producers) {
            for (CharSequence csq : csqs) {
                // append() should throw BufferOverflowException
                final CharBuffer cbBOE = f.apply(cslen/8);
                tryCatch(cbBOE, BufferOverflowException.class, () ->
                    cbBOE.append(csq, cslen/4, cslen/2));

                CharBuffer cb = f.apply(7);
                tryCatch(cbBOE, BufferOverflowException.class, () ->
                    cb.append(csq.subSequence(0, 8), 0, 8));

                // append() should throw IndexOutOfBoundsException
                final CharBuffer cbIOOBE = f.apply(cslen + 1);
                for (int[] bds : bounds)
                    tryCatch(cbIOOBE, IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () ->
                        cbIOOBE.append(csq, bds[0], bds[1]));

                tryCatch(cb, IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () ->
                    cb.append(csq.subSequence(0, 8), 4, 12));

                // should append nothing
                int rem = cb.remaining();
                ck(cb, cb.append(csq, 0, 0).remaining(), rem);

                // should fill the buffer
                int start = (csq.length() - rem)/2;
                ck(cb, cb.append(csq, start, start + rem).remaining(), 0);
            }
        }
        // end 8306623 and 8306959

        bulkPutString(b);
        relGet(b);
        b.position(1);
        b.limit(7);
        ck(b, b.toString().equals("bcdefg"));

        // CharSequence ops

        b.position(2);
        ck(b, b.charAt(1), 'd');
        CharBuffer c = b.subSequence(1, 4);
        ck(c, c.capacity(), b.capacity());
        ck(c, c.position(), b.position()+1);
        ck(c, c.limit(), b.position()+4);
        ck(c, b.subSequence(1, 4).toString().equals("def"));

        // 4938424
        b.position(4);
        ck(b, b.charAt(1), 'f');
        ck(b, b.subSequence(1, 3).toString().equals("fg"));

        // String ops

        // 7190219
        b.clear();
        int pos = b.position();
        tryCatch(b, BufferOverflowException.class, () ->
                b.put(String.valueOf(new char[b.capacity() + 1]), 0, b.capacity() + 1)
            );
        ck(b, b.position(), pos);
        relGet(b);

#end[char]

        // Compact

        relPut(b);
        b.position(13);
        b.compact();
        b.flip();
        relGet(b, 13);

        // Exceptions

        relPut(b);
        b.limit(b.capacity() / 2);
        b.position(b.limit());

        tryCatch(b, BufferUnderflowException.class, () -> b.get());
        tryCatch(b, BufferOverflowException.class, () -> b.put(($type$)42));
        // The index must be non-negative and less than the buffer's limit.
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.get(b.limit()));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.get(-1));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.put(b.limit(), ($type$)42));
        tryCatch(b, InvalidMarkException.class,
                () -> b.position(0).mark().compact().reset());

        try {
            b.position(b.limit() + 1);
            fail("IllegalArgumentException expected for position beyond limit");
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            if (e.getMessage() == null) {
                fail("Non-null IllegalArgumentException message expected for"
                     + " position beyond limit");
            }
        }

        try {
            b.position(-1);
            fail("IllegalArgumentException expected for negative position");
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            if (e.getMessage() == null) {
                fail("Non-null IllegalArgumentException message expected for"
                     + " negative position");
            }
        }

        try {
            b.limit(b.capacity() + 1);
            fail("IllegalArgumentException expected for limit beyond capacity");
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            if (e.getMessage() == null) {
                fail("Non-null IllegalArgumentException message expected for"
                     + " limit beyond capacity");
            }
        }

        try {
            b.limit(-1);
            fail("IllegalArgumentException expected for negative limit");
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            if (e.getMessage() == null) {
                fail("Non-null IllegalArgumentException message expected for"
                     + " negative limit");
            }
        }

        // Exceptions in absolute bulk and slice operations

        catchNullArgument(b, () -> b.get(7, null, 0, 42));
        catchNullArgument(b, () -> b.put(7, ($type$[])null, 0, 42));

        $type$[] tmpa = new $type$[42];
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.get(7, tmpa, -1, 42));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.get(7, tmpa, 42, 1));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.get(7, tmpa, 41, -1));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.get(-1, tmpa, 0, 1));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.get(b.limit(), tmpa, 0, 1));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.get(b.limit() - 41, tmpa, 0, 42));

        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.put(7, tmpa, -1, 42));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.put(7, tmpa, 42, 1));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.put(7, tmpa, 41, -1));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.put(-1, tmpa, 0, 1));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.put(b.limit(), tmpa, 0, 1));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.put(b.limit() - 41, tmpa, 0, 42));

        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.slice(-1, 7));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.slice(b.limit() + 1, 7));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.slice(0, -1));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.slice(7, b.limit() - 7 + 1));

        // Values

        b.clear();
        b.put(($type$)0);
        b.put(($type$)-1);
        b.put(($type$)1);
        b.put($Fulltype$.MAX_VALUE);
        b.put($Fulltype$.MIN_VALUE);
#if[float]
        b.put(-Float.MAX_VALUE);
        b.put(-Float.MIN_VALUE);
        b.put(Float.NEGATIVE_INFINITY);
        b.put(Float.POSITIVE_INFINITY);
        b.put(Float.NaN);
        b.put(0.91697687f);             // Changes value if incorrectly swapped
#end[float]
#if[double]
        b.put(-Double.MAX_VALUE);
        b.put(-Double.MIN_VALUE);
        b.put(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY);
        b.put(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY);
        b.put(Double.NaN);
        b.put(0.5121609353879392);      // Changes value if incorrectly swapped
#end[double]

        b.flip();
        ck(b, b.get(), 0);
        ck(b, b.get(), ($type$)-1);
        ck(b, b.get(), 1);
        ck(b, b.get(), $Fulltype$.MAX_VALUE);
        ck(b, b.get(), $Fulltype$.MIN_VALUE);

#if[float]
        $type$ v;
        ck(b, b.get(), -Float.MAX_VALUE);
        ck(b, b.get(), -Float.MIN_VALUE);
        ck(b, b.get(), Float.NEGATIVE_INFINITY);
        ck(b, b.get(), Float.POSITIVE_INFINITY);
        if (Float.floatToRawIntBits(v = b.get()) !=
            Float.floatToRawIntBits(Float.NaN)) {
            fail(b, (long)Float.NaN, (long)v);
        }
        ck(b, b.get(), 0.91697687f);
#end[float]
#if[double]
        $type$ v;
        ck(b, b.get(), -Double.MAX_VALUE);
        ck(b, b.get(), -Double.MIN_VALUE);
        ck(b, b.get(), Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY);
        ck(b, b.get(), Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY);
        if (Double.doubleToRawLongBits(v = b.get())
            != Double.doubleToRawLongBits(Double.NaN)) {
            fail(b, (long)Double.NaN, (long)v);
        }
        ck(b, b.get(), 0.5121609353879392);
#end[double]


        // Comparison
        b.rewind();
        $Type$Buffer b2 = $Type$Buffer.allocate(b.capacity());
        b2.put(b);
        b2.flip();
        b.position(2);
        b2.position(2);
        if (!b.equals(b2)) {
            for (int i = 2; i < b.limit(); i++) {
                $type$ x = b.get(i);
                $type$ y = b2.get(i);
                if (x != y
#if[double]
                    || Double.compare(x, y) != 0
#end[double]
#if[float]
                    || Float.compare(x, y) != 0
#end[float]
                    ) {
                    out.println("[" + i + "] " + x + " != " + y);
                }
            }
            fail("Identical buffers not equal", b, b2);
        }
        if (b.compareTo(b2) != 0) {
            fail("Comparison to identical buffer != 0", b, b2);
        }
        b.limit(b.limit() + 1);
        b.position(b.limit() - 1);
        b.put(($type$)99);
        b.rewind();
        b2.rewind();
        if (b.equals(b2))
            fail("Non-identical buffers equal", b, b2);
        if (b.compareTo(b2) <= 0)
            fail("Comparison to shorter buffer <= 0", b, b2);
        b.limit(b.limit() - 1);

        b.put(2, ($type$)42);
        if (b.equals(b2))
            fail("Non-identical buffers equal", b, b2);
        if (b.compareTo(b2) <= 0)
            fail("Comparison to lesser buffer <= 0", b, b2);

        // Check equals and compareTo with interesting values
        for ($type$ x : VALUES) {
            $Type$Buffer xb = $Type$Buffer.wrap(new $type$[] { x });
            if (xb.compareTo(xb) != 0) {
                fail("compareTo not reflexive", xb, xb, x, x);
            }
            if (!xb.equals(xb)) {
                fail("equals not reflexive", xb, xb, x, x);
            }
            for ($type$ y : VALUES) {
                $Type$Buffer yb = $Type$Buffer.wrap(new $type$[] { y });
                if (xb.compareTo(yb) != - yb.compareTo(xb)) {
                    fail("compareTo not anti-symmetric",
                         xb, yb, x, y);
                }
                if ((xb.compareTo(yb) == 0) != xb.equals(yb)) {
                    fail("compareTo inconsistent with equals",
                         xb, yb, x, y);
                }
                if (xb.compareTo(yb) != $Fulltype$.compare(x, y)) {
#if[float]
                    if (x == 0.0 && y == 0.0) continue;
#end[float]
#if[double]
                    if (x == 0.0 && y == 0.0) continue;
#end[double]
                    fail("Incorrect results for $Type$Buffer.compareTo",
                         xb, yb, x, y);
                }
                if (xb.equals(yb) != ((x == y) || ((x != x) && (y != y)))) {
                    fail("Incorrect results for $Type$Buffer.equals",
                         xb, yb, x, y);
                }
            }
        }

        // Sub, dup

        relPut(b);
        relGet(b.duplicate());
        b.position(13);
        relGet(b.duplicate(), 13);
        relGet(b.duplicate().slice(), 13);
        relGet(b.slice(), 13);
        relGet(b.slice().duplicate(), 13);

        // Slice

        b.position(5);
        $Type$Buffer sb = b.slice();
        checkSlice(b, sb);
        b.position(0);
        $Type$Buffer sb2 = sb.slice();
        checkSlice(sb, sb2);

        if (!sb.equals(sb2))
            fail("Sliced slices do not match", sb, sb2);
        if ((sb.hasArray()) && (sb.arrayOffset() != sb2.arrayOffset())) {
            fail("Array offsets do not match: "
                 + sb.arrayOffset() + " != " + sb2.arrayOffset(), sb, sb2);
        }

        int bPos = b.position();
        int bLim = b.limit();

        b.position(7);
        b.limit(42);
        $Type$Buffer rsb = b.slice();
        b.position(0);
        b.limit(b.capacity());
        $Type$Buffer asb = b.slice(7, 35);
        checkSlice(rsb, asb);

        b.position(bPos);
        b.limit(bLim);

#if[byte]

        // Views

        b.clear();
        b.order(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
        testViews(level + 1, b, direct);

        for (int i = 1; i <= 9; i++) {
            b.position(i);
            show(level + 1, b);
            testViews(level + 2, b, direct);
        }

        b.position(0);
        b.order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);
        testViews(level + 1, b, direct);

        // Heterogeneous accessors

        b.order(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
        for (int i = 0; i <= 9; i++) {
            b.position(i);
            testHet(level + 1, b);
        }
        b.order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);
        b.position(3);
        testHet(level + 1, b);

#end[byte]

        // Read-only views

        b.rewind();
        final $Type$Buffer rb = b.asReadOnlyBuffer();
        if (!b.equals(rb))
            fail("Buffer not equal to read-only view", b, rb);
        show(level + 1, rb);

        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> relPut(rb));
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> absPut(rb));
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> bulkPutArray(rb));
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> bulkPutBuffer(rb));
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> absBulkPutArray(rb));

        // put($Type$Buffer) should not change source position
        final $Type$Buffer src = $Type$Buffer.allocate(1);
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.put(src));
        ck(src, src.position(), 0);

        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.compact());

#if[byte]

        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.putChar((char)1));
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.putChar(0, (char)1));
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.putShort((short)1));
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.putShort(0, (short)1));
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.putInt(1));
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.putInt(0, 1));
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.putLong((long)1));
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.putLong(0, (long)1));
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.putFloat((float)1));
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.putFloat(0, (float)1));
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.putDouble((double)1));
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.putDouble(0, (double)1));

#end[byte]

#if[char]

        // 7199551
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.put(new String(new char[rb.remaining() + 1])));
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.append(new String(new char[rb.remaining() + 1])));

#end[char]

        if (rb.getClass().getName().startsWith("java.nio.Heap")) {
            catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.array());
            catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> rb.arrayOffset());
            if (rb.hasArray()) {
                fail("Read-only heap buffer's backing array is accessible", rb);
            }
        }

        // Bulk puts from read-only buffers

        b.clear();
        rb.rewind();
        b.put(rb);

#if[byte]
        // For byte buffers, test both the direct and non-direct cases
        $Type$Buffer ob
            = (b.isDirect()
               ? $Type$Buffer.allocate(rb.capacity())
               : $Type$Buffer.allocateDirect(rb.capacity()));
        rb.rewind();
        ob.put(rb);
#end[byte]

        relPut(b);                       // Required by testViews

#if[byte]
        // Test alignment

        testAlign(b, direct);
#end[byte]
    }

#if[char]

    private static void testStr() {
        final String s = "abcdefghijklm";
        int start = 3;
        int end = 9;
        final CharBuffer b = CharBuffer.wrap(s, start, end);
        show(0, b);
        ck(b, b.toString().equals(s.substring(start, end)));
        ck(b, b.toString().equals("defghi"));
        ck(b, b.isReadOnly());
        catchReadOnlyBuffer(b, () -> b.put('x'));
        ck(b, start, b.position());
        ck(b, end, b.limit());
        ck(b, s.length(), b.capacity());
        b.position(6);
        ck(b, b.subSequence(0,3).toString().equals("ghi"));

        // absolute bulk get
        char[] c = new char[end + 1 - (start - 1) + 1]; // [start - 1, end + 1]
        b.limit(end + 2);
        b.get(start - 1, c, 0, c.length);
        for (int i = 0; i < c.length; i++)
            ck(b, c[i], s.charAt(start - 1 + i));

        // The index, relative to the position, must be non-negative and
        // smaller than remaining().
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.charAt(-1));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.charAt(b.remaining()));
        // The index must be non-negative and less than the buffer's limit.
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.get(b.limit()));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.get(-1));
        // The start must be non-negative and no larger than remaining().
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.subSequence(-1, b.remaining()));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.subSequence(b.remaining() + 1, b.remaining()));

        // The end must be no smaller than start and no larger than
        // remaining().
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.subSequence(2, 1));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> b.subSequence(0, b.remaining() + 1));

        // The offset must be non-negative and no larger than <array.length>.
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> $Type$Buffer.wrap(s, -1, s.length()));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> $Type$Buffer.wrap(s, s.length() + 1, s.length()));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> $Type$Buffer.wrap(s, 1, 0));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(b, () -> $Type$Buffer.wrap(s, 0, s.length() + 1));
    }

#end[char]

    public static void test(final $type$ [] ba) {
        int offset = 47;
        int length = 900;
        final $Type$Buffer b = $Type$Buffer.wrap(ba, offset, length);
        show(0, b);
        ck(b, b.capacity(), ba.length);
        ck(b, b.position(), offset);
        ck(b, b.limit(), offset + length);

        // The offset must be non-negative and no larger than <array.length>.
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(ba, () -> $Type$Buffer.wrap(ba, -1, ba.length));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(ba, () -> $Type$Buffer.wrap(ba, ba.length + 1, ba.length));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(ba, () -> $Type$Buffer.wrap(ba, 0, -1));
        catchIndexOutOfBounds(ba, () -> $Type$Buffer.wrap(ba, 0, ba.length + 1));

        // A NullPointerException will be thrown if the array is null.
        tryCatch(ba, NullPointerException.class,
                () -> $Type$Buffer.wrap(($type$ []) null, 0, 5));
        tryCatch(ba, NullPointerException.class,
                () -> $Type$Buffer.wrap(($type$ []) null));
    }

    private static void testAllocate() {
        // An IllegalArgumentException will be thrown for negative capacities.
        catchIllegalArgument((Buffer) null, () -> $Type$Buffer.allocate(-1));
        try {
            $Type$Buffer.allocate(-1);
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            if (e.getMessage() == null) {
                fail("Non-null IllegalArgumentException message expected for"
                     + " attempt to allocate negative capacity buffer");
            }
        }
#if[byte]
        catchIllegalArgument((Buffer) null, () -> $Type$Buffer.allocateDirect(-1));
        try {
            $Type$Buffer.allocateDirect(-1);
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            if (e.getMessage() == null) {
                fail("Non-null IllegalArgumentException message expected for"
                     + " attempt to allocate negative capacity direct buffer");
            }
        }
#end[byte]
    }

    public static void testToString() {
        final int cap = 10;

#if[byte]
        $Type$Buffer direct1 = $Type$Buffer.allocateDirect(cap);
        if (!direct1.toString().equals(Basic.toString(direct1))) {
           fail("Direct buffer toString is incorrect: "
                  + direct1.toString() + " vs " + Basic.toString(direct1));
        }
#end[byte]

#if[!char]
        $Type$Buffer nondirect1 = $Type$Buffer.allocate(cap);
        if (!nondirect1.toString().equals(Basic.toString(nondirect1))) {
           fail("Heap buffer toString is incorrect: "
                  + nondirect1.toString() + " vs " + Basic.toString(nondirect1));
        }
#end[!char]
    }

    public static void test() {
        testAllocate();
        test(0, $Type$Buffer.allocate(7 * 1024), false);
        test(0, $Type$Buffer.wrap(new $type$[7 * 1024], 0, 7 * 1024), false);
        test(new $type$[1024]);
#if[byte]
        $Type$Buffer b = $Type$Buffer.allocateDirect(7 * 1024);
        for (b.position(0); b.position() < b.limit(); )
            ck(b, b.get(), 0);
        test(0, b, true);
#end[byte]
#if[char]
        testStr();
#end[char]

        callReset($Type$Buffer.allocate(10));

#if[byte]
#else[byte]
        putBuffer();
#end[byte]

        testToString();
    }

}