| // Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved. |
| // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be |
| // found in the LICENSE file. |
| |
| #include "content/browser/download/save_file_manager.h" |
| |
| #include "base/bind.h" |
| #include "base/files/file_util.h" |
| #include "base/logging.h" |
| #include "base/strings/string_util.h" |
| #include "base/task/post_task.h" |
| #include "build/build_config.h" |
| #include "components/download/public/common/download_task_runner.h" |
| #include "content/browser/child_process_security_policy_impl.h" |
| #include "content/browser/data_url_loader_factory.h" |
| #include "content/browser/download/save_file.h" |
| #include "content/browser/download/save_package.h" |
| #include "content/browser/file_url_loader_factory.h" |
| #include "content/browser/fileapi/file_system_url_loader_factory.h" |
| #include "content/browser/renderer_host/render_view_host_impl.h" |
| #include "content/browser/web_contents/web_contents_impl.h" |
| #include "content/public/browser/browser_context.h" |
| #include "content/public/browser/browser_task_traits.h" |
| #include "content/public/browser/browser_thread.h" |
| #include "content/public/browser/render_frame_host.h" |
| #include "content/public/browser/shared_cors_origin_access_list.h" |
| #include "content/public/browser/storage_partition.h" |
| #include "content/public/browser/web_ui_url_loader_factory.h" |
| #include "content/public/common/previews_state.h" |
| #include "net/base/io_buffer.h" |
| #include "net/base/load_flags.h" |
| #include "net/traffic_annotation/network_traffic_annotation.h" |
| #include "net/url_request/url_request.h" |
| #include "net/url_request/url_request_context.h" |
| #include "net/url_request/url_request_job_factory.h" |
| #include "services/network/public/cpp/simple_url_loader.h" |
| #include "services/network/public/cpp/simple_url_loader_stream_consumer.h" |
| #include "services/network/public/mojom/url_loader_factory.mojom.h" |
| #include "url/gurl.h" |
| |
| namespace content { |
| |
| namespace { |
| |
| // Pointer to the singleton SaveFileManager instance. |
| static SaveFileManager* g_save_file_manager = nullptr; |
| |
| } // namespace |
| |
| class SaveFileManager::SimpleURLLoaderHelper |
| : public network::SimpleURLLoaderStreamConsumer { |
| public: |
| static std::unique_ptr<SimpleURLLoaderHelper> CreateAndStartDownload( |
| std::unique_ptr<network::ResourceRequest> resource_request, |
| SaveItemId save_item_id, |
| SavePackageId save_package_id, |
| int render_process_id, |
| int render_frame_routing_id, |
| const net::NetworkTrafficAnnotationTag& annotation_tag, |
| network::mojom::URLLoaderFactory* url_loader_factory, |
| SaveFileManager* save_file_manager) { |
| return std::unique_ptr<SimpleURLLoaderHelper>(new SimpleURLLoaderHelper( |
| std::move(resource_request), save_item_id, save_package_id, |
| render_process_id, render_frame_routing_id, annotation_tag, |
| url_loader_factory, save_file_manager)); |
| } |
| |
| ~SimpleURLLoaderHelper() override = default; |
| |
| private: |
| SimpleURLLoaderHelper( |
| std::unique_ptr<network::ResourceRequest> resource_request, |
| SaveItemId save_item_id, |
| SavePackageId save_package_id, |
| int render_process_id, |
| int render_frame_routing_id, |
| const net::NetworkTrafficAnnotationTag& annotation_tag, |
| network::mojom::URLLoaderFactory* url_loader_factory, |
| SaveFileManager* save_file_manager) |
| : save_file_manager_(save_file_manager), |
| save_item_id_(save_item_id), |
| save_package_id_(save_package_id) { |
| GURL url = resource_request->url; |
| url_loader_ = network::SimpleURLLoader::Create(std::move(resource_request), |
| annotation_tag); |
| // We can use Unretained below as |url_loader_| is owned by |this|, so the |
| // callback won't be invoked if |this| gets deleted. |
| url_loader_->SetOnResponseStartedCallback(base::BindOnce( |
| &SimpleURLLoaderHelper::OnResponseStarted, base::Unretained(this), url, |
| render_process_id, render_frame_routing_id)); |
| url_loader_->DownloadAsStream(url_loader_factory, this); |
| } |
| |
| void OnResponseStarted(GURL url, |
| int render_process_id, |
| int render_frame_routing_id, |
| const GURL& final_url, |
| const network::ResourceResponseHead& response_head) { |
| std::string content_disposition; |
| if (response_head.headers) { |
| response_head.headers->GetNormalizedHeader("Content-Disposition", |
| &content_disposition); |
| } |
| |
| auto info = std::make_unique<SaveFileCreateInfo>( |
| url, final_url, save_item_id_, save_package_id_, render_process_id, |
| render_frame_routing_id, content_disposition); |
| download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->PostTask( |
| FROM_HERE, base::BindOnce(&SaveFileManager::StartSave, |
| save_file_manager_, std::move(info))); |
| } |
| |
| // network::SimpleURLLoaderStreamConsumer implementation: |
| void OnDataReceived(base::StringPiece string_piece, |
| base::OnceClosure resume) override { |
| // TODO(jcivelli): we should make threading sane and avoid copying |
| // |string_piece| bytes. |
| download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->PostTask( |
| FROM_HERE, |
| base::BindOnce(&SaveFileManager::UpdateSaveProgress, save_file_manager_, |
| save_item_id_, string_piece.as_string())); |
| std::move(resume).Run(); |
| } |
| |
| void OnComplete(bool success) override { |
| download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->PostTask( |
| FROM_HERE, |
| base::BindOnce(&SaveFileManager::SaveFinished, save_file_manager_, |
| save_item_id_, save_package_id_, success)); |
| } |
| |
| void OnRetry(base::OnceClosure start_retry) override { |
| // Retries are not enabled. |
| NOTREACHED(); |
| } |
| |
| SaveFileManager* save_file_manager_; |
| SaveItemId save_item_id_; |
| SavePackageId save_package_id_; |
| std::unique_ptr<network::SimpleURLLoader> url_loader_; |
| |
| DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(SimpleURLLoaderHelper); |
| }; |
| |
| SaveFileManager::SaveFileManager() { |
| DCHECK(g_save_file_manager == nullptr); |
| g_save_file_manager = this; |
| } |
| |
| SaveFileManager::~SaveFileManager() { |
| // Check for clean shutdown. |
| DCHECK(save_file_map_.empty()); |
| DCHECK(g_save_file_manager); |
| g_save_file_manager = nullptr; |
| } |
| |
| // static |
| SaveFileManager* SaveFileManager::Get() { |
| return g_save_file_manager; |
| } |
| |
| // Called during the browser shutdown process to clean up any state (open files, |
| // timers) that live on the saving thread (file thread). |
| void SaveFileManager::Shutdown() { |
| download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->PostTask( |
| FROM_HERE, base::BindOnce(&SaveFileManager::OnShutdown, this)); |
| } |
| |
| // Stop file thread operations. |
| void SaveFileManager::OnShutdown() { |
| DCHECK(download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->RunsTasksInCurrentSequence()); |
| save_file_map_.clear(); |
| } |
| |
| SaveFile* SaveFileManager::LookupSaveFile(SaveItemId save_item_id) { |
| DCHECK(download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->RunsTasksInCurrentSequence()); |
| auto it = save_file_map_.find(save_item_id); |
| return it == save_file_map_.end() ? nullptr : it->second.get(); |
| } |
| |
| // Look up a SavePackage according to a save id. |
| SavePackage* SaveFileManager::LookupPackage(SaveItemId save_item_id) { |
| DCHECK_CURRENTLY_ON(BrowserThread::UI); |
| auto it = packages_.find(save_item_id); |
| if (it != packages_.end()) |
| return it->second; |
| return nullptr; |
| } |
| |
| // Call from SavePackage for starting a saving job |
| void SaveFileManager::SaveURL(SaveItemId save_item_id, |
| const GURL& url, |
| const Referrer& referrer, |
| int render_process_host_id, |
| int render_view_routing_id, |
| int render_frame_routing_id, |
| SaveFileCreateInfo::SaveFileSource save_source, |
| const base::FilePath& file_full_path, |
| BrowserContext* context, |
| StoragePartition* storage_partition, |
| SavePackage* save_package) { |
| DCHECK_CURRENTLY_ON(BrowserThread::UI); |
| |
| // Insert started saving job to tracking list. |
| DCHECK(packages_.find(save_item_id) == packages_.end()); |
| packages_[save_item_id] = save_package; |
| |
| // Register a saving job. |
| if (save_source == SaveFileCreateInfo::SAVE_FILE_FROM_NET) { |
| DCHECK(url.is_valid()); |
| // Starts the actual download. |
| if (!ChildProcessSecurityPolicyImpl::GetInstance()->CanRequestURL( |
| render_process_host_id, url)) { |
| download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->PostTask( |
| FROM_HERE, |
| base::BindOnce(&SaveFileManager::SaveFinished, this, save_item_id, |
| save_package->id(), /*success=*/false)); |
| return; |
| } |
| |
| net::NetworkTrafficAnnotationTag traffic_annotation = |
| net::DefineNetworkTrafficAnnotation("save_file_manager", R"( |
| semantics { |
| sender: "Save File" |
| description: "Saving url to local file." |
| trigger: |
| "User clicks on 'Save link as...' context menu command to save a " |
| "link." |
| data: "None." |
| destination: WEBSITE |
| } |
| policy { |
| cookies_allowed: YES |
| cookies_store: "user" |
| setting: |
| "This feature cannot be disable by settings. The request is made " |
| "only if user chooses 'Save link as...' in context menu." |
| policy_exception_justification: "Not implemented." |
| })"); |
| |
| auto request = std::make_unique<network::ResourceRequest>(); |
| request->url = url; |
| request->referrer = referrer.url; |
| request->priority = net::DEFAULT_PRIORITY; |
| request->load_flags = net::LOAD_SKIP_CACHE_VALIDATION; |
| |
| // To avoid https://crbug.com/974312, downloads initiated by Save-Page-As |
| // should be treated as navigations. This definitely makes sense for the |
| // top-level page (e.g. in SAVE_PAGE_TYPE_AS_ONLY_HTML mode). This is |
| // probably also okay for subresources downloaded in |
| // SAVE_PAGE_TYPE_AS_COMPLETE_HTML mode. |
| request->mode = network::mojom::RequestMode::kNavigate; |
| |
| network::mojom::URLLoaderFactory* factory = nullptr; |
| std::unique_ptr<network::mojom::URLLoaderFactory> url_loader_factory; |
| RenderFrameHost* rfh = RenderFrameHost::FromID(render_process_host_id, |
| render_frame_routing_id); |
| |
| // TODO(qinmin): should this match the if statements in |
| // DownloadManagerImpl::BeginResourceDownloadOnChecksComplete so that it |
| // can handle blob, file, webui, embedder provided schemes etc? |
| // https://crbug.com/953967 |
| if (url.SchemeIs(url::kDataScheme)) { |
| url_loader_factory = std::make_unique<DataURLLoaderFactory>(); |
| factory = url_loader_factory.get(); |
| } else if (url.SchemeIsFile()) { |
| url_loader_factory = std::make_unique<FileURLLoaderFactory>( |
| context->GetPath(), context->GetSharedCorsOriginAccessList(), |
| base::TaskPriority::USER_VISIBLE); |
| factory = url_loader_factory.get(); |
| } else if (url.SchemeIsFileSystem() && rfh) { |
| std::string storage_domain; |
| auto* site_instance = rfh->GetSiteInstance(); |
| if (site_instance) { |
| std::string partition_name; |
| bool in_memory; |
| GetContentClient()->browser()->GetStoragePartitionConfigForSite( |
| context, site_instance->GetSiteURL(), true, &storage_domain, |
| &partition_name, &in_memory); |
| } |
| url_loader_factory = CreateFileSystemURLLoaderFactory( |
| rfh->GetProcess()->GetID(), rfh->GetFrameTreeNodeId(), |
| storage_partition->GetFileSystemContext(), storage_domain); |
| factory = url_loader_factory.get(); |
| } else if (rfh && url.SchemeIs(content::kChromeUIScheme)) { |
| url_loader_factory = CreateWebUIURLLoader(rfh, url.scheme(), |
| base::flat_set<std::string>()); |
| factory = url_loader_factory.get(); |
| } else { |
| factory = storage_partition->GetURLLoaderFactoryForBrowserProcess().get(); |
| } |
| |
| url_loader_helpers_[save_item_id] = |
| SimpleURLLoaderHelper::CreateAndStartDownload( |
| std::move(request), save_item_id, save_package->id(), |
| render_process_host_id, render_frame_routing_id, traffic_annotation, |
| factory, this); |
| } else { |
| // We manually start the save job. |
| auto info = std::make_unique<SaveFileCreateInfo>( |
| file_full_path, url, save_item_id, save_package->id(), |
| render_process_host_id, render_frame_routing_id, save_source); |
| |
| // Since the data will come from render process, so we need to start |
| // this kind of save job by ourself. |
| download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->PostTask( |
| FROM_HERE, |
| base::BindOnce(&SaveFileManager::StartSave, this, std::move(info))); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| // Utility function for look up table maintenance, called on the UI thread. |
| // A manager may have multiple save page job (SavePackage) in progress, |
| // so we just look up the save id and remove it from the tracking table. |
| void SaveFileManager::RemoveSaveFile(SaveItemId save_item_id, |
| SavePackage* save_package) { |
| DCHECK(save_package); |
| DCHECK_CURRENTLY_ON(BrowserThread::UI); |
| // A save page job (SavePackage) can only have one manager, |
| // so remove it if it exists. |
| auto it = packages_.find(save_item_id); |
| if (it != packages_.end()) |
| packages_.erase(it); |
| } |
| |
| // Static |
| SavePackage* SaveFileManager::GetSavePackageFromRenderIds( |
| int render_process_id, |
| int render_frame_routing_id) { |
| RenderFrameHost* render_frame_host = |
| RenderFrameHost::FromID(render_process_id, render_frame_routing_id); |
| if (!render_frame_host) |
| return nullptr; |
| |
| WebContentsImpl* web_contents = |
| static_cast<WebContentsImpl*>(WebContents::FromRenderFrameHost( |
| render_frame_host)); |
| if (!web_contents) |
| return nullptr; |
| |
| return web_contents->save_package(); |
| } |
| |
| void SaveFileManager::DeleteDirectoryOrFile(const base::FilePath& full_path, |
| bool is_dir) { |
| DCHECK_CURRENTLY_ON(BrowserThread::UI); |
| download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->PostTask( |
| FROM_HERE, base::BindOnce(&SaveFileManager::OnDeleteDirectoryOrFile, this, |
| full_path, is_dir)); |
| } |
| |
| void SaveFileManager::SendCancelRequest(SaveItemId save_item_id) { |
| // Cancel the request which has specific save id. |
| DCHECK(!save_item_id.is_null()); |
| download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->PostTask( |
| FROM_HERE, |
| base::BindOnce(&SaveFileManager::CancelSave, this, save_item_id)); |
| } |
| |
| // Notifications sent from the IO thread and run on the file thread: |
| |
| // The IO thread created |info|, but the file thread (this method) uses it |
| // to create a SaveFile which will hold and finally destroy |info|. It will |
| // then passes |info| to the UI thread for reporting saving status. |
| void SaveFileManager::StartSave(std::unique_ptr<SaveFileCreateInfo> info) { |
| DCHECK(download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->RunsTasksInCurrentSequence()); |
| DCHECK(info); |
| // No need to calculate hash. |
| auto save_file = |
| std::make_unique<SaveFile>(std::move(info), /*calculate_hash=*/false); |
| |
| // TODO(phajdan.jr): We should check the return value and handle errors here. |
| save_file->Initialize(); |
| |
| const SaveFileCreateInfo& save_file_create_info = save_file->create_info(); |
| DCHECK(!LookupSaveFile(save_file->save_item_id())); |
| save_file_map_[save_file->save_item_id()] = std::move(save_file); |
| |
| base::PostTaskWithTraits(FROM_HERE, {BrowserThread::UI}, |
| base::BindOnce(&SaveFileManager::OnStartSave, this, |
| save_file_create_info)); |
| } |
| |
| // We do forward an update to the UI thread here, since we do not use timer to |
| // update the UI. If the user has canceled the saving action (in the UI |
| // thread). We may receive a few more updates before the IO thread gets the |
| // cancel message. We just delete the data since the SaveFile has been deleted. |
| void SaveFileManager::UpdateSaveProgress(SaveItemId save_item_id, |
| const std::string& data) { |
| DCHECK(download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->RunsTasksInCurrentSequence()); |
| SaveFile* save_file = LookupSaveFile(save_item_id); |
| if (save_file) { |
| DCHECK(save_file->InProgress()); |
| |
| download::DownloadInterruptReason reason = |
| save_file->AppendDataToFile(data.data(), data.size()); |
| base::PostTaskWithTraits( |
| FROM_HERE, {BrowserThread::UI}, |
| base::BindOnce(&SaveFileManager::OnUpdateSaveProgress, this, |
| save_file->save_item_id(), save_file->BytesSoFar(), |
| reason == download::DOWNLOAD_INTERRUPT_REASON_NONE)); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| // The IO thread will call this when saving is completed or it got error when |
| // fetching data. We forward the message to OnSaveFinished in UI thread. |
| void SaveFileManager::SaveFinished(SaveItemId save_item_id, |
| SavePackageId save_package_id, |
| bool is_success) { |
| DVLOG(20) << __func__ << "() save_item_id = " << save_item_id |
| << " save_package_id = " << save_package_id |
| << " is_success = " << is_success; |
| DCHECK(download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->RunsTasksInCurrentSequence()); |
| |
| int64_t bytes_so_far = 0; |
| SaveFile* save_file = LookupSaveFile(save_item_id); |
| // Note that we might not have a save_file: canceling starts on the download |
| // thread but the load is canceled on the UI thread. The request might finish |
| // while thread hoping. |
| if (save_file) { |
| DCHECK(save_file->InProgress()); |
| DVLOG(20) << __func__ << "() save_file = " << save_file->DebugString(); |
| bytes_so_far = save_file->BytesSoFar(); |
| save_file->Finish(); |
| save_file->Detach(); |
| } |
| |
| base::PostTaskWithTraits( |
| FROM_HERE, {BrowserThread::UI}, |
| base::BindOnce(&SaveFileManager::OnSaveFinished, this, save_item_id, |
| bytes_so_far, is_success)); |
| } |
| |
| // Notifications sent from the file thread and run on the UI thread. |
| |
| void SaveFileManager::OnStartSave(const SaveFileCreateInfo& info) { |
| DCHECK_CURRENTLY_ON(BrowserThread::UI); |
| SavePackage* save_package = GetSavePackageFromRenderIds( |
| info.render_process_id, info.render_frame_routing_id); |
| if (!save_package) { |
| // Cancel this request. |
| SendCancelRequest(info.save_item_id); |
| return; |
| } |
| |
| // Forward this message to SavePackage. |
| save_package->StartSave(&info); |
| } |
| |
| void SaveFileManager::OnUpdateSaveProgress(SaveItemId save_item_id, |
| int64_t bytes_so_far, |
| bool write_success) { |
| DCHECK_CURRENTLY_ON(BrowserThread::UI); |
| SavePackage* package = LookupPackage(save_item_id); |
| if (package) |
| package->UpdateSaveProgress(save_item_id, bytes_so_far, write_success); |
| else |
| SendCancelRequest(save_item_id); |
| } |
| |
| void SaveFileManager::OnSaveFinished(SaveItemId save_item_id, |
| int64_t bytes_so_far, |
| bool is_success) { |
| DCHECK_CURRENTLY_ON(BrowserThread::UI); |
| ClearURLLoader(save_item_id); |
| SavePackage* package = LookupPackage(save_item_id); |
| if (package) |
| package->SaveFinished(save_item_id, bytes_so_far, is_success); |
| } |
| |
| // Notifications sent from the UI thread and run on the file thread. |
| |
| // This method will be sent via a user action, or shutdown on the UI thread, |
| // and run on the file thread. We don't post a message back for cancels, |
| // but we do forward the cancel to the IO thread. Since this message has been |
| // sent from the UI thread, the saving job may have already completed and |
| // won't exist in our map. |
| void SaveFileManager::CancelSave(SaveItemId save_item_id) { |
| DCHECK(download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->RunsTasksInCurrentSequence()); |
| auto it = save_file_map_.find(save_item_id); |
| if (it != save_file_map_.end()) { |
| std::unique_ptr<SaveFile> save_file = std::move(it->second); |
| |
| if (!save_file->InProgress()) { |
| // We've won a race with the UI thread--we finished the file before |
| // the UI thread cancelled it on us. Unfortunately, in this situation |
| // the cancel wins, so we need to delete the now detached file. |
| base::DeleteFile(save_file->FullPath(), false); |
| } else if (save_file->save_source() == |
| SaveFileCreateInfo::SAVE_FILE_FROM_NET) { |
| base::PostTaskWithTraits( |
| FROM_HERE, {BrowserThread::UI}, |
| base::BindOnce(&SaveFileManager::ClearURLLoader, this, save_item_id)); |
| } |
| |
| // Whatever the save file is complete or not, just delete it. This |
| // will delete the underlying file if InProgress() is true. |
| save_file_map_.erase(it); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| void SaveFileManager::ClearURLLoader(SaveItemId save_item_id) { |
| DCHECK_CURRENTLY_ON(BrowserThread::UI); |
| auto url_loader_iter = url_loader_helpers_.find(save_item_id); |
| if (url_loader_iter != url_loader_helpers_.end()) |
| url_loader_helpers_.erase(url_loader_iter); |
| } |
| |
| void SaveFileManager::OnDeleteDirectoryOrFile(const base::FilePath& full_path, |
| bool is_dir) { |
| DCHECK(download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->RunsTasksInCurrentSequence()); |
| DCHECK(!full_path.empty()); |
| |
| base::DeleteFile(full_path, is_dir); |
| } |
| |
| void SaveFileManager::RenameAllFiles(const FinalNamesMap& final_names, |
| const base::FilePath& resource_dir, |
| int render_process_id, |
| int render_frame_routing_id, |
| SavePackageId save_package_id) { |
| DCHECK(download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->RunsTasksInCurrentSequence()); |
| |
| if (!resource_dir.empty() && !base::PathExists(resource_dir)) |
| base::CreateDirectory(resource_dir); |
| |
| for (const auto& i : final_names) { |
| SaveItemId save_item_id = i.first; |
| const base::FilePath& final_name = i.second; |
| |
| auto it = save_file_map_.find(save_item_id); |
| if (it != save_file_map_.end()) { |
| SaveFile* save_file = it->second.get(); |
| DCHECK(!save_file->InProgress()); |
| save_file->Rename(final_name); |
| save_file_map_.erase(it); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| base::PostTaskWithTraits( |
| FROM_HERE, {BrowserThread::UI}, |
| base::BindOnce(&SaveFileManager::OnFinishSavePageJob, this, |
| render_process_id, render_frame_routing_id, |
| save_package_id)); |
| } |
| |
| void SaveFileManager::OnFinishSavePageJob(int render_process_id, |
| int render_frame_routing_id, |
| SavePackageId save_package_id) { |
| DCHECK_CURRENTLY_ON(BrowserThread::UI); |
| |
| SavePackage* save_package = |
| GetSavePackageFromRenderIds(render_process_id, render_frame_routing_id); |
| |
| if (save_package && save_package->id() == save_package_id) |
| save_package->Finish(); |
| } |
| |
| void SaveFileManager::RemoveSavedFileFromFileMap( |
| const std::vector<SaveItemId>& save_item_ids) { |
| DCHECK(download::GetDownloadTaskRunner()->RunsTasksInCurrentSequence()); |
| |
| for (const SaveItemId save_item_id : save_item_ids) { |
| auto it = save_file_map_.find(save_item_id); |
| if (it != save_file_map_.end()) { |
| SaveFile* save_file = it->second.get(); |
| DCHECK(!save_file->InProgress()); |
| base::DeleteFile(save_file->FullPath(), false); |
| save_file_map_.erase(it); |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| |
| } // namespace content |